Abstract: Cationically modified white pigments (W) in particulate form, essentially consisting of a particulate inorganic white pigment (M) of a particle size in the range of 0,1 to 40 ?m and an applied water soluble, cationic, crosslinked polymer (PA) containing quaternary ammonium groups in salt form, obtainable by reaction of epichlorohydrin or of epichlorohydrin derivatives or precursors with amines, under conditions leading to at least partial crosslinking, optionally in combination with an anionic optical brightener (B) and where the molar ratio of (B) to (PA) is such that the number of cationic charges of the total polymer (PA) is higher than the number of anionic charges of the total anionic optical brightener (B), are surprisingly useful as cationic white pigments in various fields of technique, especially in papermaking.

Abstract: Surface finishing of paper or board by applying an aqueous solution (LW) of a surface-finishing active ingredient (W) to a hydrophilic paper or board sheet (B), in which (W) consists of (W1) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight {overscore (M)}W of >1500 and optionally at least one further additive which is a further finishing additive and/or a formulation additive, and the paper or board sheet surface-treated with (LW) is fed through snoothing rolls and dried, the surface-finished paper and surface-finished board (BW) produced, surface finishing agent for this purpose, and the use of the surface-finished paper or board as substrate for graphic processing.

Abstract: Fluid silico-acrylic compositions, stable in the long term, polymerizable thermally and by radiatiion, by mechanism giving rise to free radicals, with a very low water (less than 1%) and volatile solvent content, containing silica, a silane, and a multifunctional acrylic monomer, in which the silica is in the form of indivualized particles with an average diameter with the range 9 amd 100 nm, not interconnected by siloxane bonds, the silane is a vinyl silane with the formula (I) H2C═CH—Si(OR)3  (I) in which R represents a methyl or ethyl radical, and the multifunctional (meth)acrylic monomer is an alkoxylated (meth)acrylate, method for preparation and use for the development of anti-scratch transparent and uncoloured varnishes, obtained by polymerization giving rise to free radicals by radiation (UV, electron bundles) or thermally.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): in which X1=H or F, X2=H or F, and Y=Cl, Br or I, are prepared by reacting, in a solvent or solvent mixture at a temperature below −60° C., a halobenzene of the formula (II) with an organic lithium compound and then with a formyl equivalent of the formula (III): and may be used as starting materials for preparing agrochemicals, electronic materials and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Process for the production of dyed oxide layers on aluminum or aluminum alloys by dyeing in an aqueous dyebath, rinsing with water and sealing, in which the dyeing is carried out using at least one water-soluble anionic dye (A) which possesses at least one substituent and/or component combination with a ligand character that is capable of forming a nickel complex with nickel ions, and the sealing is carried out by cold sealing with at least one sealing agent preparation (B) containing nickel ions Ni2+ and fluoride ions F− and optionally hot secondary sealing with water, especially for achieving dyeings of improved light fastness.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions (U) containing: (A) a UV-light-absorbing textile treatment agent, (B) a dispersant system and (C) a carboxyl-containing crosslinked copolymer, and optionally (D) at least one formulation additive, are useful for the corresponding UV-active finishing of textile material, in particular textile material which can be dyed with disperse dyes or optically brightened with disperse brighteners, especially for treating cheeses with liquors comprising disperse dyes and UV absorbers or liquors comprising disperse brighteners, without fear of troublesome pressure build-up or dye or brightener deposits.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing [1,1′:4′,1″]-terphenyl compounds of the formula which comprises reacting a metal aryl of the formula with a boric ester at −80 to 40° C. in the presence of an inert solvent, converting the reaction product by hydrolysis into a boronic acid of the formula reacting the boronic acid, a boronic anhydride obtainable from boronic acid by elimination of water, or a mixture of boronic acid and boronic anhydride, with an alcohol, and reacting the boronic ester formed thereby with a biphenyl compound of the formula at 40 to 180° C. in the presence of a catalyst, of an acid-binding agent and of a polar solvent.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions (L) comprising: (a) a wax which is (a1) a carboxyl-containing hydrocarbon wax or a mixture of such waxes or a mixture of (a1) and (a2) at least one unmodified hydrocarbon wax, (b) a (co)poly(meth)acrylamide or (co)poly-(meth)acrylamide mixture which is (b1) at least one macro(co)poly-(meth)acrylamide, which optionally contains carboxyl-containing comonomers, having an average molecular weight {overscore (M)}W=n·106, where n≧10, or a mixture of (b1) and (b2) at least one (co)poly(meth)-acrylamide, which optionally contains carboxyl-containing comonomers, having an average molecular weight {overscore (M)}W<10·106, and (d) a dispersant system consisting of amphoteric, anionic and/or nonionic surfactants, are surprisingly useful as highly effective crease mark inhibitors having an extremely surfacy effect and are also suitable for particularly short liquors, for example in winch becks and jet-dyeing machines.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions (U) containing: (A) a UV-light-absorbing textile treatment agent and (B) a dispersant system containing (BX) a non-ionogenic, polymeric, hydrophilic dispersant or a mixture of such dispersants and (BY) a non-ionogenic or anionic, vinyl-polymeric, hydrophilic thickener or a mixture of such thickeners, and optionally at least one of the following further components: (BZ) at least one non-ionogenic or anionic surfactant other than (BX) (BW) at least one dispersing auxiliary other than (BY). (C) by-products and/or concomitants (D) at least one formulation additive and (E) at least one agent for setting the pH are particularly stable and are very useful for the UV-active finishing of textile material.

Abstract: Granular compacts (G) of a mixture of (A) at least one water-soluble dye or optical brightener, and (B) extender and, optionally, (C) at least one hydrophilic surfactant and/or (D) further additives, additionally containing (E) a dust-binding oil, are low-dust dry formulations of high bulk density which feature good dissolution, transportation and storage properties and are outstandingly suitable for the dyeing of the respective substrates.

Abstract: A process for preparing bisallylboranes of the formula (I) by reacting a diene with sodium borohydride in the presence of an oxidant in an inert solvent, with the borane generated in situ reacting selectively with the diene to form the bis(allyl)borane of the formula (I) and the substituents R1 to R6 having the following meanings: R1-R6 are H, aryl or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4-alkyl or two radicals R may be closed to form a cyclic system. As oxidant, it is possible to use, for example, alkyl halides or dialkyl sulfates. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the diene used is 2,5-dimethylhexa-2,4-diene (R1, R2, R5, R6=methyl, R3, R4=H).

Abstract: Resins obtainable from compounds of formula 1 in which the substituents R2 and HNR1 can be in the ortho, meta or para position relative to one another, and R1 has the same meaning as R2, or has the meaning —COR2, where R1 is independent of R2, R2 is C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl, C7-C30-alkylaryl, by the steps, which can be carried out in any order, of A) reaction with an aldehyde of the formula 2 R3—CHO  (2), wherein R3 is H, C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl or C7-C30-alkylaryl, and B) alkoxylation with a C2-C4-alkylene oxide in molar excess, such that the resulting alkoxylate has a degree of alkoxylation of from 1 to 100 alkylene oxide units per —NH group, and the resin has a molecular weight of from 250 to 100,000 units, and their use as emulsion breakers.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of copolymers consisting essentially of a1) 1 to 50% by weight of the repeat structural unit of the formula (1):  where n is an integer from 2 to 9 or a2) 1 to 50% by weight of a mixture of the repeat structural unit of the formula (1) and of the repeat structural unit of the formula (2):  where R, R1 and R2 may be identical or different and are hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having in each case 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and b) 49.99 to 98.99% by weight of the repeat structural unit of the formula (3):  in which R3 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, Z is (C1-C8)-alkylene and X is an ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and c) 0.01 to 8% by weight of crosslinking structures which originate from monomers having at least two olefinic double bonds, as thickeners in preparations comprising organic solvents.

Abstract: Water-soluble dyes of the formula in which R1 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, halogen or SO3M, R2 is hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl or C3-6-cycloalkyl, B is the radical of a carbocyclic, heterocyclic or methylene-active non-cyclic coupling component having at least two optionally fused carbocyclic rings, and M is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation, the ring A has no further substituents or is substituted with from one to four of the following substituents: C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, halogen, —NO2, —COOM and, —SO3M, and the group —N═N—B is bonded to position 3 or 4 of the ring A, with the proviso that the molecule contains at least two —SO3M groups, are suitable for dyeing or colouring non-fibrous substrates, in particular anodized aluminium or water-soluble plastic compositions.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula (II), where the substituents R1 to R5 are each independently H, CH3, straight-chain or branched C1-C8-alkyl, CH(OC1-C5-alkyl)2, CH(C1-C5-alkyl)(OC1-C5-alkyl), CH2(OC1-C5-alkyl), CH(CH3)(OC1-C5-alkyl), C1-C8-alkoxy, N(C1-C5-alkyl)2, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, S(C1-C5-alkyl) or a radical Caryl, alkyl, and the symbols X1 to 5 are each carbon.

Abstract: A process for preparing phenylacetic acid derivatives of the formula (I) by reacting benzyl chlorides of the formula (II) with a compound of the formula R6OH and with carbon monoxide in a dipolar aprotic solvent in the presence of a catalyst which comprises at least one compound of a transition metal of subgroup VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, where R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 independently of one another are the following radicals: a hydrogen or fluorine atom; a CH2Cl radical; a HO2CCH═CH—, NC— or CF3— group; an alkyl, alkoxy or acyloxy radical having in each case 1 to 18 carbon atoms; or a C6-C18-aryloxy, aryl or heteroaryl radical.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing optically active cyanohydrins of the formula (II), by reacting an aldehyde of the formula (I) with HCN in a water-immiscible organic solvent in the presence of water, in the absence or presence of a buffer, in the presence of a (R)-hydroxynitrile lyase, where X, Y and Z in formula (II) have the same meaning as in formula (I), independently of each other are identical or different and are H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, O(C1-C4-alkyl), OCOCH3, NHCOCH3, NO2 or C1-C4-alkyl.

Abstract: (Co)poly-&agr;-hydroxyacrylic-acid-based polymers (P), optionally in lactonized form or in salt form, optionally as Mg-complexes, and which are characterized by a content in carbohydrate units and 2-hydroxy-2-carboxyethylene-1,2 monomer units, are suitable as biologically degradable, alkali-resistant stabilizers for peroxide bleaching agents.

Abstract: Copolymers based on ethylene and unsaturated carboxylic esters and their use as mineral oil additives. The invention relates to copolymers of low olefins and vinyl esters, containing a) from 85 to 97 mol % of bivalent structural units of the formula 1 —CH2—CR1R2—  1  in which R1 and R2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or methyl, and b) at least 3 mol % of bivalent structural units of the formula 2  in which R3 is saturated, branched C6-C16-alkyl which has a tertiary carbon atom, wherein R3 is bonded by its tertiary carbon atom to the carboxyl function. The copolymers according to the invention are used as flow improvers for mineral oil distillates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stabilizer composition comprising at least one processing stabilizer selected from special phosphite, mono- and diphosphonite compounds, at least one acid scavenger selected from the group consisting of selected metal stearates, hydrotalcites, oxides, hydroxides of alkaline earth metals, at least one UV stabilizer selected from compounds containing at least one 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidinyl-group and optionally at least one sterically hindered phenolic antioxidant. A further subject matter of the invention is a solid masterbatch composition or a liquid concentrate comprising above-mentioned stabilizer composition. The invention relates also to a process for stabilizing polymeric materials selected from the group consisting of special polyolefins comprising adding to the polymeric material a stabilizing quantity of said stabilizing composition.