Abstract: A fluid-filled pipe is investigated by a nonintrusive procedure to determine whether the fluid is liquid or gaseous, whether it is flowing or static, the direction of flow if it is flowing, the approximate pressure if it is a gas, and the rate of flow if it is a gas. The results are obtained by applying a heater to the surface of the pipeline and measuring the upstream and downstream temperatures of the surface of the pipe wall before and after the beginning of the application of heat. Some of the data generated is compared with data from another source to assist in the determination of the physical characteristics to be ascertained.

Abstract: A hot pipe from an automobile manifold is shielded from other components in the engine compartment by attaching a two part shield around the pipe and clamping it in place. Each part is formed of two sheets of metallic material sandwiching therebetween a fibrous layer of heat insulating material. The layers of each of the shield parts are formed to a shape to conform to the shape of the hot pipe to be shielded prior to installation.

Abstract: A primary drive chain tension adjuster having a hinged arm pivotably mounted to a base, and a low friction nylon ride mounted on the upper, opposite end of the hinged arm. A spring, preferably a urethane elastomer sheet, is positioned beneath the hinged arm. When the hinged arm is pivoted downwardly, the underside of the hinged arm compresses the urethane sheet, which exerts a spring force upwardly against the hinged arm. As a chain riding across the ride slackens, the urethane sheet forces the hinged arm upwardly taking up the slack in the chain.

Abstract: A presser foot includes an upstanding bar for attachment to the lifter shaft of a sewing machine. At its lower end are a pair of sole plates having a gap therebetween to accommodate the reciprocating motion of a needle and thread associated with the sewing machine. Attached to one of the sole plates is a curved, L-shaped shield which curves transversely in front of the gap between the upstream edges of the sole plates. The shield serves to deflect material on the upper surface of workpieces away from the gap and thereby prevents the clogging of the gap between the sole plates during the sewing operation.

Abstract: A punch for punching rectangular holes in clamshell-shaped raceways for the mounting of receptacles allowing connection to appropriate cables running through the raceway. The punch includes a reciprocable punch having four generally triangular-shaped teeth projecting toward a die mounted in a die block. Each tooth is located at a corner of a rectangular-shaped cutting punch. The open raceway slides into the punching apparatus between the punch and the die to a stop pre-adjusted for hole location and the four teeth penetrate the wall of the raceway and the sloping cutting edges of the teeth cut the rectangular shape of the desired size.