Abstract: Nanostructured non-stoichiometric materials are disclosed. Novel photonic materials and their applications are discussed. More specifically, the specifications teach the use of nanotechnology and nanostructured materials for developing novel photonic and optical applications.

Abstract: Nanostructured non-equilibrium, non-stoichiometric materials and device made using the nanonostructured non-equilibrium non-stoichiometric materials are provided. Applications and methods of implementing such devices and applications are also provided. More specifically, the specifications teach the use of nanostructured non-equilibrium, non-stoichiometric materials in polymer and plastic filler applications, electrical devices, magnetic products, fuels, biomedical applications, markers, drug delivery, optical components, thermal devices, catalysts, combinatorial discovery of materials, and various manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A security package for a collectible item including a substantially planar bottom portion having a retainer for holding the collectible item. An edge with a lower sealing contour is formed in the planar bottom. A substantially planar top portion has an edge with an upper sealing contour formed therein. The upper sealing contour is designed to mate with the lower sealing contour. A seal is formed by welding the upper and lower sealing contours. A stress contour is formed integrally with at least one of bottom or top portions. The stress contour operates to cause a permanent perceptible distortion in the security package after stress is applied to the seal.