Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile treatment process which comprises applying to a textile substrate of natural or synthetic polyamide either before or after dyeing, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## in which R is an C.sub.6-20 alkyl radical, each ofR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is --CH.sub.2 --CHOHCH.sub.2 --X or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R+R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 is from 8 to 26;X is chlorine or bromine,Y is a non-chromophoric anion, andn is a whole number from 1 to 3,which treatment before dyeing increases the affinity of the substrate for anionic dyestuffs and after dyeing improves the wet-fastness of the dyed substrate.

Abstract: Aftertreatment of dyeings on cotton or nylon with (A) a polybasic compound which is the product of reacting a primary or secondary amine with cyanamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine or biguanidine and, sequentially or simultaneously (B) a precondensate formed by reacting a compound of type (A) with an N-methylol derivative gives wet fastness properties superior to those given by either (A) or (B) used alone.

Abstract: A method for dyeing or printing a textile substrate with disperse dyes comprising using a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1, independently, is C.sub.4-14 alkyleach R.sub.2, independently, is H or C.sub.1-10 alkyl with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms present in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 borne by the same phenyl ring is from 6 to 18 an average of 0.5 to n of the R.sub.3 's are --SO.sub.3 R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 R.sub.4 or ##STR2## the remaining R.sub.3 's being H each R.sub.4, independently, is H, an alkali metal, an equivalent of an alkali earth metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium,R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are both H, with the proviso that in, on average, up to 60% of the units --CHR.sub.5 --CHR.sub.6 --one of the groups R.sub.5 or R.sub.6 may be methyl,each m, independently, is an integer from 4 to 20, and n is an integer from 1 to 9,or a mixture thereof together with a dyeing assistant.

Abstract: A stable aqueous solution comprising(a) 5-25% by weight of an optical brightening agent of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 to R.sub.9, X and A.sup..crclbar. are defined in the specification(b) 5-70% by weight of an organic monobasic acid or a mixture of organic monobasic acids selected from formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, glycollic and lactic acids,(c) 0-45% by weight citric acid(d) 5-55% by weight waterthe total amount of organic acids present being at least 40% by weight of the total composition, and the total amount of components a, b, c and d being at least 90% of the total solution.

Abstract: A group of diphosphonic acid tetra-esters and phosphonic or thiophosphonic acid 0,0,0-triesters containing dioxaphosphorinane rings are useful as flame retardants for polymeric organic materials, particularly polyesters. The compounds, some of which are novel, are prepared by reaction of the corresponding phosphites with peroxy compounds or with sulphur.

Abstract: The wet fastness properties of direct or reactive dyeings on cellulosic substrates are improved by aftertreatment with a precondensate or mixture of(A) the product of reacting a polyalkylenepolyamine in free base or salt form with an epihalohydrin or a precursor thereofand (B) and N-methylol derivative of a urea, melamine, guanamine, triazinone, urone, carbamate or acid amidein the presence of(C) a catalyst for the cross-linking of N-methylol compounds of the type (B) above,followed by a heat-curing step.

Abstract: The fastness of direct dyes on cellulose substrates is improved by after-treatment with the reaction product of a quaternary polyalkylene polyamine with an N-methylol resin precursor, and heat curing in the presence of a catalyst. The unfixed portion of reactive dyes substantive to cellulose may also be given improved wet and light fastness by this treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a polyamide textile substrate to increase the affinity thereof for anionic dyes or to reserve the same against cationic dyes comprising applying thereto, in a weakly alkaline medium, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R is phenyl; naphthyl; (C.sub.5-6)cycloalkyl; or phenyl or naphthyl substituted by a total of up to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, chlorine and bromine (maximum of two of each of these);each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, and X.sup..crclbar. is a non-chromophoric anion.

Abstract: Additives, such as stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents etc., are intimately blended with an irradiation-responsive substance, such as an optical brightener, and incorporated in a thermoplastic polymeric material which is then subjected to irradiation to determine the degree of uniformity of distribution of the additive-brightener blend.

Abstract: The fastness properties of basic dyeings on cellulosic substrates are improved by treating the substrate with a fixing agent comprising a precondensate or mixture of(A) the reaction product of an amine with cyanamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine or biguanidine, or,(B) a quaternary polyalkylene polyamine with(C) formaldehyde and/or,(D) an N-methylol compound optionally together with(E) a catalyst, e.g. MgCl.sub.2.The fixing agents are normally applied as an aftertreatment, with a subsequent heat-curing step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mass-dyed polymeric material, e.g. polyester, comprising, as dyestuff, a compound or mixture of compounds of formula I ##STR1## herein the nuclei A, B and D may bear one or more substituents and Me is Ni or Cu. The mass-dyed polymeric material is preferably prepared by incorporating the compounds of formula I in form of a master-batch.

Abstract: The wet fastness properties of direct or reactive dyeings on cellulosic substrates are improved by aftertreatment with a precondensate of(A) the product of reacting a mono- or polyfunctional primary or secondary amine with cyanamide, dicyandiamide (DCDA), guanidine or biguanidine; or ammonia with cyanamide or DCDA; whereby up to 50 mole % of the cyanamide, DCDA, guanidine or biguanidine may be replaced with a dicarboxylic acid or a mono- or di-ester thereof, said product (A) containing reactive hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen,and either (B) an epihalohydrin or a precursor thereofor (C) formaldehyde or a formaldehyde precursoror (D) a dihydroxyalkyleneurea or a methyl ether thereof, followed by formaldehyde or a formaldehyde precursoroptionally together with (E) an N-methylol derivative of a urea, melamine, guanamine, triazinone, urone, carbamate or acid amideand, if (A) is used with (C) or (D), or if (E) is present, together with (F) a catalyst for the cross-linking of N-methylol compounds of the type (E) ab

Abstract: The wet fastness properties of direct or reactive dyeings on cellulosic substrates are improved by aftertreatment with an agent comprising(A) a linear or crosslinked polymer comprising repeating units containing at least two quaternary nitrogen atoms linked by bridging groups connected to the quaternary nitrogen atoms by alkylene or arylene groups;optionally(B) an N-methylol derivative of a urea, melamine, guanamine, triazinone, urone, carbamate or acid amide;and, as an essential component,(C) a catalyst for the cross-linking of N-methylol compounds of the type (B) above,and subsequently carrying out a heat-curing step.Certain of the quaternary polymers (A), containing melamine groups, are novel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of anti-shrink treated wool dyeings in which wool is dyed with acid milling or metal complex dyes either before, after or between the steps of an anti-shrink treatment and, after the dyeing or the anti-shrink treatment or one of the steps of the anti-shrink treatment subsequent to the dyeing, is after-treated with a liquor containing a cationic fixing agent and a levelling/retarding agent having affinity for wool dyestuffs, and to a composition usable for such a process.

Abstract: A process for accelerating the drying of a wet hydrophilic substrate, e.g. in a washing process, comprising the steps of(i) applying to the wet substrate by an exhaust process 0.05 to 1.0 per kg dry weight of substrate of a mixture comprising a cationic agent having affinity for the fibres and an emulsified polyethylene wax in an aqueous medium, and(ii) subsequently drying the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of rapid dyeing a substrate comprising polyester fibres at a temperature above 100.degree. C. comprising bringing into contact with the substrate an aqueous dyebath containing a mixture of at least two disperse dyes having each individually specific physicochemical properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula I, ##STR1## where either R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently, are hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, halogen, cyano, carboxy, alkoxy(C.sub.1-4)carbonyl, --CONR.sub.6 R.sub.7, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.6 R.sub.7, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.8, alkyl(C.sub.1-4)carbonyloxy, or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy monosubstituted by phenyl, alkoxy(C.sub.1-4)carbonyl, cyano, carboxy or --CONR.sub.6 R.sub.7,with the proviso that a maximum of one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and a maximum of one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can signify a group selected from cyano, carboxy, alkyl (C.sub.1-4)carbonyloxy, --CONR.sub.6 R.sub.7, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.6 R.sub.7 and --SO.sub.2 R.sub.8,or one or both pairs R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, are on adjacent carbon atoms and form a fused benzene ring, any pair not forming a ring being as defined above,R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, unsubstituted or mono-substituted by hydroxy, cyano, phenyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyl, carboxy, C.sub.1-4 alkoxycarbonyl or --CONR.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides dyestuffs of formula I, ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a mono- or bicyclic aromatic radical, and the ring A may bear up to 4 substituents conventional for dyestuffs, in which the dyestuff is free from sulphonic and carboxylic acid groups, and mixtures of such dyestuffs and their use as disperse dyestuffs.

Abstract: A solid pigment composition comprises an intimate mixture of a pigment and a copolymer of an alkyl or cycloalkyl methacrylate ester and a lesser amount of an aminoalkyl methacrylate ester. The compositions are compatible with a wide range of substrates such as paints, printing inks and bulk polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula I, ##STR1## in which the R.sub.1 's, independently, are chlorine or bromine, andR.sub.2 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, ethoxy or tri-fluoromethyl,their production and use as pigments.