Abstract: An apparatus for drying, pyrolyzing and possibly also gasifying of lump wood in a cylindrical vessel with a hearth case includes a vessel of a type which differs from prior art vessel units by a top cooling hood with an annular cooling duct and an outer annular air space for preheating suction air and an inner, likewise annular, gas space to discharge to some external destination the gas recovered from the predried wood. The air drawn from the outer annular space is fed to the hearth via an air chamber and nozzles. Condensate precipitated on the inside faces of the hood drops into an annular gutter and is subjected to evaporation in the further course of the process. A method for operating this apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: Pure silicon is obtained in a semicontinuous process by reducing quartz sand with aluminum in a slag medium based on alkaline earth metal silicates. The slag serves thereby simultaneously as a solvent for the aluminum oxide that forms and as an extraction medium for impurities that occur. The silicon formed separates out of the silicate slag and can be separated off. The aluminum oxide produced by the reduction can be separated from the slag and used for recovery of reusable aluminum.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring the heat emission of space heaters includes an input device for selectively inputting special heater constants Q.sub.N and n, which are characteristic space heaters associated therewith. The device is coupled to a processor which, in operation, receives the temperature values T.sub.V, T.sub.R and T.sub.i sensed by a supply temperature sensor, a return temperature sensor, and an ambient temperature sensor. A timer provides the clock signal for the processor. The processor develops an output representing a quantitative measure for the heat consumption of the associated heater from the preadjusted characteristic constants, Q.sub.N and n, and the sensed temperature values, T.sub.V, T.sub.R and T.sub.i. The processor is programmed so as to also serve as correction device for automatically correcting any throttle states of the heater in operation.

Abstract: An automatic packaging machine comprises a slide vertically sliding along a stationary load bearing column and provided with horizontal rails wherealong a power driven carriage is movable carrying a packaging foil web supply device for laying a top horizontal sheet onto a parcel or pile to be packaged.

Abstract: A sluice apparatus intended for dosed introduction of abrasive or rubbing elements into, and removal from, a liquid-carrying pipe or tube line system includes a drum-like collecting vessel with three connecting valves--namely, two continuous flow valves and one catcher valve. Disposed inside the vessel is an apertured catcher basket which is spaced from the inside wall of the vessel and which has the geometry of a partial drum with two side plates. Its upper end is secured by means of holding tubes adapted to be supported on holding pins so that the basket can be easily inserted and withdrawn.

Abstract: A controlled exhaust driven turbo-supercharger is designed for an engine revolution below the nominal speed or revolutions of the engine to be supercharged and has an impellerless guidance device. A control device is provided which responds to the supercharger speed or a nominal characteristic (supercharger pressure) derived therefrom whereby the adjustment member for the control device is coupled with a control means which enlarges the flow cross section of the guidance device during the increasing supercharger speed.

Abstract: A container for the facile storage and withdrawal of ear-cleaning sticks or similar articles includes two shell bodies, at least one of which is pivotable relative to the other for movement between an open and closed position or in the former of which it exposes a stick reservoir. The container is closed by a light snap action. The container has a generally tubular shape and has two flat end faces. Both shells may be provided by a single molding operation of thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A machine for the blow molding of synthetic resin hollow workpieces with a unit for shutting parted blow molds and with a turntable moved in steps, with a number of rests evenly spaced round the axis of the turntable for blown hollow workpieces. The rests may be moved into a handing over position in the parting plane (E) of the blow mold shutting unit and into at least one after-processing station. There is a blow stick which is supported by a blow stick carriage moved horizontally in this parting plane between the blow position at the blow mold shutting unit and this handing over position. The blow stick carriage is indexed in the blow position in a machine bed. The blow mold shutting unit has horizontal guides for the blow mold supports only at the side furthest from the blow stick carriage.

Abstract: For transporting a train (15) of flaskless molds using a simply designed system along a storing, teeming and cooling run or part of a conveyor in a foundry so that the castings are made highly true to size, the forces needed for speeding up and slowing down the mold train (15) are caused to take effect at a desired level on the mold train (15) and, together with the forces acting oppositely to the thermal expansion of the molds (7) within the mold train (15), the forces are transmitted to the full length of the mold train only by the molds (7) themselves.

Abstract: A cylinder for machines processing running lengths of material is supported at its ends by bearing frames which may be moved for moving the cylinder, the cylinder having a pipe-like or tube-like outer casing which is supported by self-aligning bearings and has within it a core which is not turned and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the casing, the casing being supported on the core by at least one support bearing which is symmetrical with respect to the middle of the casing and coaxial thereto. To give the casing a desired line of bending, to be in harmony with the cylinder with which it is used (on the other side of the running length of material) without being changed by moving the cylinder towards and away from the other cylinder, the pipe-like casing is supported in self-aligning bearings at its ends, separately from the core within it, on the end bearing frames.

Abstract: A gardening device for operating on grass faces includes an operating device which is securable to an elongated handle and which has a plurality of cutting-like faces with conduits therebetween. The cutting-like faces are directed to the grass face to be worked on at an angle (.alpha.) with respect to the movement direction of the handle.

Abstract: A household hand-device for use as a meat-presser is described in which the container member of the device forms the base of a cylindrical body which slidingly receives therein a handle member that is also cylindrical in shape and that cooperates with a return spring. By this mechanism, a plunger-type presser may be operated to deplace it within a chamber in the container. A removable bottom of the container consists of a cup-shaped member, which can be fitted over the external wall of said container to cause the cup member to get firmly engaged with a central body through a number of bayonet joints.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor for performing the distance measuring in accordance with the ultrasound-echo principle, in particular for determining and indicating approaching distances between vehicles and obstacles in close range with an ultrasound transmitter and receiving converter for emitting the ultrasound signals and for receiving the ultrasound signals reflected by the obstacles, whereby the converter consists of an insulated-type transformer with piezo-ceramic resonator disposed thereon, characterized in that dampening material (99) for preventing the energy rich ultrasound emission or reception is provided on the inside of the membrane of the insulator-type transformer on two horizontally opposite disposed circular segments.

Abstract: A device for providing pulsation-free feeding of a liquid medium from a supply container to a consuming device for use in a road-marking machine is disclosed. Two statically-operating reciprocating-piston pumps are arranged between the supply container and the consuming device such that when one pump is on suction stroke, the other is on a feed stroke. The pump flow rate is proportional to the drive speed of the road-marking machine and the feed flow of each pump has zones which overlap the other. The feed sides of the pumps are connected to a change-over means which alternately connects delivery flows from the pumps to the consuming device and also connects the pressure side of the pumps simultaneously to the consuming device and to the supply container, which prevents pressure flow fluctuations as the back-pressure to each pump is the same.

Abstract: A golf practice apparatus consisting of an elevated table or platform having an artificial grass surface with a tee mounted therein and supported on a plurality of legs, each of which are adjustable in height. A golf club of reduced length is used in combination with the table, so that full swing practices can be made within the confines a normal room. The table also includes a sighting ball as a reminder to the player to keep his head in back of the ball throughout the swing, and the clubs are appropriately weighted at each end, to compensate for the amount of shaft removed from the clubs when they are shortened.

Abstract: Equipment for transporting and lifting invalids and disabled persons comprises a wheeled chassis 1,a telescopic lifting column 2 and a patient support structure 4 supported by an arm 3 from the column 2. The structure 4 is of adjustable articulated form and comprises a central seat section 20 and adjustable end sections 21 22, adjustment of which allows a patient to be supported either in a lying down position or in a seated position facing one way or the other. Restraining means for use with a seated patient comprise an L-shaped member 27 with a first portion 28 which in operative position extends above the seat portion 20 in front of the patient and an end restraining portion 29 which then extends alongside the body of the patient. The member 27 can be turned in a mounting boss 30 to position the portion 29 according to the seated direction used, and the boss 30 turns on a spindle 17 to allow the member 27 to be raised to an inoperative position at the side of the support structure 4.

Abstract: A process for making doped semiconductor bodies in thick sheets by epitaxial growth of a doped monocrystalline semiconductor layer on a substrate body by means of a transfer reaction, the transfer system being so arranged that dead spaces are avoided and that within the transfer system a gradient of maximally 1.degree. C./mm is maintained. The invention makes it possible to obtain doped layers of larger thickness than heretofore known.

Abstract: The invention makes it possible to manufacture silicon wafers having vertical p-n junctions as the basic material for solar cells. As a result of simultaneously adding certain dopants that act in the silicon crystal as donors and certain dopants that develop acceptor properties and also as a result of measures that result in a periodic change in the crystal growth from a low rate v.sub.n to a high rate v.sub.n, p- and n-conductive zones are produced in the silicon, each having a total length of from 5 to 2000 .mu.m.

Abstract: For producing quality work on a printing machine using a hard printing plate and high viscosity printing ink taken up by a fountain roller running in an ink fountain and transported by the fountain roller to an ink drum running against at least one form roller for inking the plate, while nevertheless keeping the inking system design simple, the inking unit has a single form roller having a diameter equal to that of the working diameter of the plate and designed to be run at the same surface speed as the plate: the drum for inking the form roller has a screen on its outer face made up of ink takeup pockets separated by lands, the ink drum having a smaller diameter than the form roller and being turned by a driving system of the press. The outer face of the ink drum with the screen is stripped by a stripping unit, such as doctor plate, running on and clearing the lands between the ink takeup pocket. Furthermore the fountain roller is run with a speed different to that of the screened ink drum.