Abstract: A method of preparing animal food pellets wherein cooked mash under atmospheric pressure is forced through a die wherein the mash has been cooked under superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A seating system includes a plurality of telescoping seating sections each including a platform and a rear riser. The rear riser for each seating section includes an elongated continuous metal extruded riser beam which defines a longitudinal slot for mounting the rear legs of folding chairs. The nose portion of each platform also contains a slotted, extruded beam which is located directly above the riser beam of a lower seating section when the system is opened for use. The slots facilitate installation and alignment of the chairs, while the extruded nose and riser beams cooperate to provide rigidity and support for opened seating sections. Additional elements such as hand rails, aisle lights, etc. may be mounted to the slots.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for measuring the time interval between the occurrences of an electrical signal at two different points in a circuit or electrical system. Each signal drives a receiver containing a high-Q coaxial resonator. The resonators begin to oscillate in timed relation with the reception of the associated signals. Each receiver signal is mixed with the output signal of a common local oscillator and the respective mixed signals are amplified by IF amplifiers. The phase difference between the output signals of the IF amplifiers is representative of the difference in time of reception of the signals, but on an expanded time scale. The phase difference is detected and used to gate the output signal of an oscillator into a counter circuit. Thus, the accumulated contents of the counter is representative of the time difference of reception. Circuitry is also provided for indicating the polarity of the phase shift.

Abstract: A method of producing a pasta product (macaroni, spaghetti, noodles, etc.) wherein either hard or soft wheat or blends with durum semolina are improved with soy protein isolate to provide physical characteristics in the products substantially equivalent to those of durum semolina pasta in both the conventionally cooked and retorted products while increasing the usable protein content.

Abstract: An apparatus for the removal of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter from flue gases wherein a pump extracts hot flue gases from a furnace and discharges such gases, and the particulates entrained therein, into one end of an extractor comprising a horizontal series of water-containing extraction chambers. The gas under pressure is forced from one chamber to the next through communicating openings in the lower side walls of the chambers, the gas pressure being sufficient to displace some of the water and maintain at least the final chamber in substantially filled condition. The water in the series of extraction chambers combines with the sulfur dioxide in the circuitously-flowing flue gases to produce an acid solution, thereby extracting the sulfur dioxide and simultaneously washing particulates from the gases. A suitable heat exchanger is disposed in at least one of the chambers for transferring heat from the water to a fluid circulated through the exchanger.

Abstract: A gas-scrubbing apparatus for treating contaminated gas with a liquid to remove particulates and other impurities. Liquid is discharged radially outwardly from a central nozzle or jet and is directed between a pair of upper and lower walls which converge radially outwardly, and then diverge radially outwardly, to define an annular venturi. Gas flowing upwardly through a central opening in the lower wall passes outwardly through the venturi where it intimately mixes with the liquid discharged from the nozzle. In one embodiment, the upper wall has a trough-shaped upper surface communicating directly with the throat of the venturi for introducing recirculated liquid into the liquid-gas mixture flowing outwardly through the venturi.

Abstract: A bag structure of the flap type wherein the flap is tack heat-sealed for ready opening by virtue of heat-sealing webs together, wherein the heat-seal overlies a coating substantially resistant to union with thermoplastic material when the latter is in a molten state.

Abstract: Bulk starters having optimized ratios of coccus (Streptococcus thermophilus) to rod (lactobacilli) bacteria are prepared in a whey-based culture medium characterized by defined proportions of acid-whey solids to sweet-whey solids, the sweet-whey preferably being partially delactosed whey. The medium and method are particularly adapted for use in manufacturing pasta filata cheeses.

Abstract: A system for extracorporeal perfusion of human organs wherein a pulsatile flow of cold perfusate is circulated through an organ intended for transplantation. The system includes a perfusion chamber, a heat exchanger comprising an ice water bath containing a coil of tubing through which perfusate is circulated, and a pulsatile pump interposed in the line between the heat exchanger and the perfusion chamber, downstream of that exchanger, for drawing cold perfusate through the exchanger and directing it in a series of regular pulses to the organ. The system is particularly adapted for use in a compact portable perfusion unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for the dropwise dispensing of a liquid stored in a reagent bottle or other container, including a tubular probe of inverted J-shaped configuration which communicates with the liquid in the bottle and which is provided with a drop forming and dispensing tip. Gas admitted under pressure to the bottle displaces liquid which passes through the probe until a drop is released at the tip. As the drop falls, it interrupts the light beam of an electro-optic control assembly which in turn actuates a valve to vent the bottle and prevent further liquid discharge from the probe. Because of the configuration and dimensions of the probe, and because of the structural and functional relationship of the probe with other components of the system, the liquid automatically retracts a substantial distance from the probe's free end when such venting occurs, thereby insuring that the tip will remain open and unobstructed for subsequent operation of the apparatus.

Abstract: A diaper folding apparatus employing an open frame drum equipped with a rapidly projecting tucker to force an intermediate diaper portion into a takeaway system and over aligned plates to develop leg folds.

Abstract: An air terminal for a horizontal vent of a sealed combustion furnace includes a faceplate for mounting to an exterior vertical wall. A horizontal flue pipe extension, receiving the combustion products, is surrounded by an oval sleeve. Fresh air is communicated to the furnace through the space between the flue pipe and the sleeve. The outlet of the flue pipe is at least about 3/4 in. outside the faceplate. An enlarged fresh air intake opening exists about the flue pipe, and a pocket-shaped rain shield is located beneath the flue pipe extending upwardly and inwardly. A horizontal wind deflector vane is located beneath the flue pipe and extends across the width of the fresh air intake opening for directing incident wind downwardly along the wall. The terminal improves operation of the furnace under all wind conditions, whether the furnace is operating on pilot or main burner modes.

Abstract: A rotary feeder valve adapted to feed wood chips into a digester wherein a rotor assembly which includes a pocket-body interference fitted to a shaft is further uniquely pinned thereto to stabilize the body and shaft under unforeseen and abnormal operating conditions.