Abstract: A method for providing an actinic illumination energizes solid-state light sources in an array, wherein each solid-state light source emits actinic light of a predetermined wavelength, directs the emitted actinic light from the solid state light sources through one or more compound parabolic concentrators, and forms a field conjugate to an objective lens by directing the concentrated actinic light from each compound parabolic concentrator through one or more lens elements in a lens array. Emission of one or more of the solid state light sources is adjusted to obtain a predetermined illumination pupil envelope function.

Abstract: A telecentricity corrector is incorporated into a microlithographic projection system to achieve telecentricity targets at the output of the microlithographic projection system. The telecentricity corrector is located between an illuminator and a projection lens of the projection system, preferably just in advance of a reticle for controlling angular distributions of light illuminating the reticle.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass articles suitable for use as electronic device housing/enclosure or protective cover which comprise a glass material. Particularly, a housing/enclosure/cover comprising an ion-exchanged glass exhibiting the following attributes (1) radio, and microwave frequency transparency, as defined by a loss tangent of less than 0.03 and at a frequency range of between 15 MHz to 3.0 GHz; (2) infrared transparency; (3) a fracture toughness of greater than 0.6 MPa·m1/2; (4) a 4-point bend strength of greater than 350 MPa; (5) a Vickers hardness of at least 450 kgf/mm2 and a Vickers median/radial crack initiation threshold of at least 5 kgf, (6) a Young's Modulus ranging between about 50 to 100 GPa; (7) a thermal conductivity of less than 2.0 W/m° C., and (9) and at least one of the following attributes: (i) a compressive surface layer having a depth of layer (DOL) greater and a compressive stress greater than 400 MPa, or, (ii) a central tension of more than 20 MPa.

Abstract: An optical system is described herein which has a compact, all reflective design that has multiple fields of view for imaging an object. The optical system also has identical viewing directions and can have several different configurations for adding laser range finding and designating components.

Abstract: A multiple field of view reflective telescope is described herein which has a laser and associated components inserted therein. In addition, a method is described herein for using the multiple field of view reflective telescope to range an object (e.g., target) or to designate-highlight an object (e.g., target).

Abstract: An optical apparatus has a primary optical element having a primary spherical optical surface with a primary center of curvature, wherein the primary spherical optical surface has a peripheral portion that extends outside a usable aperture of the optical apparatus, and a secondary optical element. A mount suspends the secondary optical element spaced apart from the primary optical element, wherein the mount comprises a number of leg sections, each leg section extending between the primary and secondary optical elements. Each leg section terminates in a spherical mating surface that rests against the peripheral portion of the primary optical element. The spherical mating surface has a mating surface center of curvature that is substantially concentric with the primary center of curvature.

Abstract: An optical system for producing a pattern of focused spots, such as a maskless lithographic projection system, includes an illuminator, a pattern generator, and an imager. The illuminator includes a light source for generating a light beam, a homogenizer for evenly dispersing light within the light beam, and a condenser for coupling the light source to the homogenizer. The pattern generator has individually addressable elements illuminated by the light beam from the illuminator. The imager images the addressable elements of the pattern generator onto corresponding focusing elements for forming focused spots that are conjugate to aperture stops in both the imager and the illuminator. The illuminator underfills the imager aperture stop for reducing the size of the focused spots. The condenser underfills the illuminator aperture stop for further controlling the size and shape of the focused spots.

Abstract: An optical element mount has an inner member suspended within an outer member by a number of flexures. A first translational actuator is movable within the outer member and coupled to the inner member by a first shaft and is actuable to translate the inner member along a first substantially linear travel path within a translation plane that is orthogonal to an optical axis. A second translational actuator is movable within the outer member and coupled to the inner member by a second shaft and is actuable to translate the inner member along a second substantially linear travel path within the translation plane. A rotational actuator is movable within the outer member and coupled to the inner member by a third shaft and actuable to rotate the inner member about an instant point of rotation that is defined at the intersection of the first and second linear travel paths.

Abstract: Systems (50) and methods are disclosed for detecting defects (DEF1-DEF5) in a ceramic filter body (10) having a honeycomb structure (12) that defined multiple channels (20). Plugs (30) are used to seal select channel ends (22, 24). The methods include using a first light source unit (52) and a first detector unit (62) operably arranged at respective first and second ends (16, 18) of the honeycomb structure so as to be capable of being in optical communication. Light beams (LB) are transmitted from the first light source unit to the first detector unit through multiple channels. Defects in a given plug allow a detectable portion (LBD) of the corresponding light beam to be detected. Multiple detector elements (64) are used to detect the detectable light beam portion to provide location and intensity variation information, which helps deduce the precise location and nature of the defect.

Abstract: A pneumatic brake system for a motor vehicle includes a compressed air system including a plurality of compressed air reservoirs containing compressed air. A service brake system in fluid communication with the compressed air system is operably engaged by application of the compressed air from the compressed air system. A parking brake system in fluid communication with the compressed air system is operably engaged upon the engagement of a spring brake component. A compressed air release system is coupled to the compressed air system and the parking brake system. The compressed air release system is configured to receive a command and in response to the command drain compressed air from the compressed air system if the parking brake system is engaged.

Abstract: A frequency scanning interferometer is arranged for simultaneously measuring multiple surfaces of a test object through a wide range of expected offsets. Knowledge of the expected locations of the test surfaces is compared with a sequence of ambiguity intervals based on a synthetic measurement wavelength to center the test surfaces within the ambiguity intervals.

Abstract: A mid infrared spectral band continuous zoom system is described herein that can provide a continuous zoom range with a focal length change greater than 25× when thermally imaging a distant object. In addition, a method is described herein for using the mid infrared spectral band continuous zoom system to thermally image the distant object.

Abstract: An optical system is described herein which has a compact, all reflective design that has multiple fields of view for imaging an object. The optical system also has identical viewing directions and can have several different configurations for adding laser range finding and designating components.

Abstract: An optical element mount has an inner member suspended within an outer member by a plurality of flexures. A first and a second translational adjustment apparatus are disposed to translate the inner member within a translation plane that is orthogonal to an optical axis, wherein each translational adjustment apparatus has an actuator movable within the outer member along a linear travel path that is parallel to the translation plane and a shaft extending between the outer and inner members, the shaft coupled to the actuator with a first ball-and-socket joint and coupled to the inner member with a second ball-and-socket joint. The linear travel path of the actuator for the first translational adjustment apparatus is substantially orthogonal to the linear travel path of the actuator for the second translational adjustment apparatus.

Abstract: A laser beam is generated and transmitted within an enclosed pathway through at least one crystal optic at a power density that progressively degrades transmissivity of the crystal optic with accumulating fluence. The crystal optics are cooled below normal operating temperatures to slow the progressive degradation in the transmissivity of the crystal optics with the accumulating fluence or to accommodate a higher power density without correspondingly increasing the progressive degradation in transmissivity.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for providing relative movement between a first member and a second member has a lever element pivotably coupled to the first member along a fulcrum member and has an actuator arm and a positioner arm. First and second flexure elements extend between the positioner arm of the lever element and the second member. An actuator is coupled to the actuator arm of the lever element.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining energy from a polychromatic radiant energy source has a light concentrator for concentrating and redirecting incident radiant energy, having an optical axis, and a spectral separator disposed along the optical axis, apart from the light concentrator and in the path of concentrated, redirected radiant energy. The spectral separator has a first planar surface treated to reflect a first spectral band of light toward a first focal region and to transmit a second spectral band and a second planar surface spaced apart from the first planar surface and oblique with respect to the first planar surface. The second planar surface is treated to reflect the second spectral band back through the first planar surface and toward a second focal region spaced apart from the first focal region. First and second light receivers are disposed nearest each respective focal region for receiving the first and second spectral bands.

Abstract: A optical instrument (e.g., coronagraph) is described herein that has a pick-off mirror with a surface having an array of reflective structures (reflective occulting mask) machined therein which enables an optical image of one or more low intensity objects (e.g., planets) to be obtained when the low intensity object(s) are located in close proximity to a high intensity object (e.g., sun). Also described herein, is a method for manufacturing the pick-off mirror which has a surface with an array of reflective structures (reflective occulting mask) that are machined therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a pulsed radiation beam has a radiation source providing a pulsed radiation beam at a constant pulse repetition frequency. A beam deflector in the path of the pulsed radiation beam is actuable to redirect the pulsed radiation beam cyclically towards each of a plurality of beam intensity modulators in turn. A beam recombiner combines modulated light from each of the plurality of beam intensity modulators in order to form the modulated pulsed radiation beam at the constant pulse repetition frequency.

Abstract: A typical use of linear or two dimensional spectrometers is to expose the detector area, and then shift the photo-electric charges out of the device in a serial fashion. If the illuminating signal is spatially narrow relative to the size of the array, this will drive down the percent of the detector that is utilized, as only a relatively small number of pixels are used to detect the beam. The present invention proposes a method which capitalizes on this spatial under-utilization, and alters the clocking scheme to maximize the read-out speed of the pixels containing signal information. This type of clocking scheme raises the optical power saturation level of the spectrometer. Such an improvement in optical power handling is beneficial for spectrometer based detection of resonant waveguide grating biochemical binding, since in such systems the performance is frequently limited by spectrometer saturation.