Abstract: The photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having therein a photocathode, an anode, a plurality of spaced apart dynodes for propagating and concatenating electron emission from the photocathode to the anode and a pair of substantially parallel support spacers of insulating material to support the dynodes and the anode. A chrome oxide layer is disposed on the support spacers adjacent to the dynodes and the anode. The chrome oxide layer has a resistance of at least about 10.sup.12 ohms per square to about 10.sup.15 ohms per square. A Nichrome coating overlies an inter-electrode region extending along the concatenating path of the electron emission from the dynodes to the anode. The Nichrome coating has a resistance of greater than 10.sup.6 ohms per square but less than the resistance of the chrome oxide layer.

Abstract: An intensified charge coupled image sensor comprises an image intensifier tube including an evacuated envelope having therein a photoemissive cathode, a charge coupled device spaced from said cathode, and a frame member for supporting the charge coupled device. The charge coupled device has a first surface and a second surface with a conductive boundary on the first surface. The frame member has a coefficient of expansion closely matching that of the charge coupled device and a first and second surface with a conductive pattern formed on one of the surfaces. The conductive boundary of the CCD and the conductive pattern of the frame member are in register and bonded together by a braze material to form a unitized structure of superior strength. The method of forming the conductive boundary and the conductive pattern is described as is the brazing method.

Abstract: A method for etching an array of apertures through a carbon-steel sheet wherein, for each of the majority of said apertures, the ratio of the desired smallest cross-sectional dimension thereof to the thickness of said sheet is less than about 0.9, said sheet having etch-resistant stencils on opposite major surfaces thereof, said method comprising contacting said stencilled major surfaces with ferric chloride etchant having a specific gravity in a range at which a smooth finish is realized.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing, the steps of: providing a workpiece comprising a main body and a machine-readable marking on a portion of the body, depositing on the marking and the surrounding surface an overcoating of a liquid polymeric composition that is curable by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and then irradiating the liquid overcoating with ultraviolet radiation so that the overcoating cures to a solid nontacky, light-transmitting protective coating. The workpiece, with the cured protective coating thereon, may be subjected to processing steps wherein extraneous matter may adhere to the coating, and then be cleaned leaving the cured coating intact.

Abstract: An electron gun assembly includes a plurality of cathode assemblies and a plurality of spaced successive electrodes mounted on at least two electrically-insulative support rods. At least one of the electrodes comprises a deep-drawn substantially rectangular cup-shaped member having a base portion, a supporting flange portion, including a plurality of attachment tabs, and a sidewall extending therebetween. The sidewall includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs formed therein which extend substantially from the supporting flange portion to the opposite end of the sidewall adjacent to the base. The reinforcing ribs minimize the flexure of the sidewall.

Abstract: An imaging device such as a silicon vidicon has a wafer of single crystal semiconductor material having an input sensing region and a charge storage region. A potential barrier is included within the input sensing region for controlling blooming. A passivation region is also included within the input sensing region to stabilize the atomic energy level along a first surface of the wafer. An anti-reflection layer of zinc sulfide and an anti-reflection layer of magnesium fluoride or Cryolite are sequentially deposited on the first surface of the wafer. The two anti-reflection layers form an anti-reflection region which enhances the quantum efficiency of the device in the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nanometers. Each of the layers has an optical thickness substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of light incident on the device. A method of forming the anti-reflection region is also disclosed.

Abstract: A modular welding apparatus comprises a welding assembly having a welding head with an integral actuating assembly. A foot treadle initiates motion of the welding head. A conductive base member is spaced from the welding head. A welding power supply has one lead connected to the welding head and a second lead connected to the base member. An interchangeable welding module is disposed on the base member in electrical contact therewith. The welding module includes a conductive support plate and a locking cam for detachably attaching the support plate to the base member. Two movable, pre-aligned welding electrodes are disposed on the welding module. One of the welding electrodes is electrically connected to the base member and the other welding electrode is electrically connected to the welding head. At least one of the electrodes is in communication with the actuating assembly.

Abstract: A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having a photoemissive cathode, a shield cup spaced from the cathode and an electron multiplier cage assembly abutting the shield cup. The cage assembly includes a pair of transversely spaced insulating support plates having oppositely disposed surfaces. A plurality of dynodes and an anode are disposed between the support plates. A plurality of oppositely disposed locating slots are formed in the shield cup. At least one tab slot is formed through the oppositely disposed surfaces of each of the support plates. A plurality of connecting tab members are provided for connecting the cage assembly to the shield cup. Each tab member includes a slot engaging portion, a locking portion, a locating portion and an attachment portion. The slot engaging portion is disposed within the tab slot of the support plate. The locking portion extends from one end of the slot engaging portion for securely engaging one surface of the plate.

Abstract: A method for exposing a layer of photoresist on a sheet includes positioning the sheet in a vacuum printing frame comprising a glass plate carrying an opaque master pattern of metal or metal oxide. With the pattern opposite the coating, the frame is evacuated and the layer is exposed. The pattern has a substantially-uniform thickness in the range of about 0.5.+-.0.2 micrometer. To reduce the times for evacuating and devacuating the frame, the pattern side of the glass plate carries an array of light-transparent islands up to about 3.0-micrometer thick. An overcoating of wax on the islands is a further aid.

Abstract: An improved electron discharge device comprises an evacuated envelope having therein a photoemissive cathode for providing photoelectrons in response to radiation incident thereon, an electron multiplier, including a primary dynode spaced from the cathode, and a focusing assembly disposed between the cathode and the multiplier. A thermionic electron control plate is disposed between the focusing assembly and the multiplier to prevent thermionic electrons from the focusing assembly from impinging on the primary dynode, while permitting the passage of photoelectrons to the primary dynode. The control plate overlies the primary dynode and is contiguous therewith.

Abstract: An electron discharge device of the type including an evacuated envelope having a longitudinal axis comprises a photoemissive cathode for providing electrons in response to radiation incident thereon and a charge coupled device spaced from the cathode. A plurality of washer-like focusing electrodes are disposed between the cathode and the charge coupled device for focusing electrons therebetween. Each of the electrodes has an electron aperture of progressively decreasing diameter. The electron aperture of the electrode adjacent to the cathode is larger than the electron aperture in the electrode adjacent to the charge coupled device. The electrodes provide a substantially spherical electrostatic field lens between the photoemissive cathode and the charge coupled device.

Abstract: A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having a photoemissive cathode, a shield cup spaced from the cathode and an electron multiplier cage assembly abutting the shield cup. The cage assembly includes a pair of transversely spaced support plates having a plurality of support slots formed therethrough. The support plates are attached to the shield cup. A plurality of electrodes are disposed between the support plates. At least one of the electrodes has reference apertures therein and a mesh member attached thereto which has locating slots aligned with the reference apertures. The electrodes have an active portion and attachment tabs which are disposed within the support slots in the support plates to support the electrodes therebetween. The electrodes also have support shoulders formed in opposite sides thereof between the active portion and the attachment tabs.

Abstract: A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope including a faceplate and a sidewall. A conductive coating is disposed annularly around an interior portion of the sidewall adjacent to the faceplate and on a longitudinally extending portion of the sidewall as a strip. A photoemissive cathode is disposed on an interior surface of the faceplate and on the conductive coating adjacent thereto. A shield cup is spaced from the cathode and centered within the envelope by a plurality of bulb spacers. An electron multiplier cage assembly abuts the shield cup and is attached thereto. A cathode contact assembly is in contact with the strip on the sidewall. A plurality of locating slots are formed in the base of the shield cup to orient the bulb spacers in contact with the sidewall of the envelope and spaced from the longitudinally extending strip portion of the conductive coating thereon. The bulb spacers include stop shoulders which retain the bulb spacers within the locating slots.

Abstract: An improved color picture tube according to the invention includes an evacuated envelope enclosing a substantially rectangular cathodoluminescent screen, a color selection electrode suspended in register with the screen by a support structure, and an electron gun. The support structure includes a plurality of studs attached to the envelope adjacent to the corners of the screen. The support structure also includes a plurality of spring assemblies. Each spring assembly includes a first bimetal member attached to the color selection electrode and a second bimetal member having an aperture therein for engaging one of said studs. The first and second bimetal members provide longitudinal and rotational compensation, respectively, for maintaining the color selection electrode in register with the screen when the electrode and the spring assemblies are heated.

Abstract: A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having a photoemissive cathode, a shield cup spaced from the cathode and an electron multiplier cage assembly abutting the shield cup. The cage assembly includes a pair of transversely spaced support plates having a plurality of support slots formed therethrough. Each of the support plates has a distal end and a proximal end, with the proximal ends being attached to the shield cup. A light shield is disposed between the distal end of the support plates. An anode and a plurality of dynodes, at least one of which has a field mesh attached thereto, are disposed between the support plates and attached thereto by end tabs. The end tabs extend from the side of the anode and the dynodes. The aforementioned shield cup includes flaps which establish a minimum transverse spacing between the proximal ends of the support plates.

Abstract: A method of processing a bialkali-antimonide photoemissive cathode to remove trace quantities of alkali metal impurities is disclosed. The cathode is formed by heating alkali vapor sources comprising the chromates of two alkali materials which include trace impurities of two other alkali materials of higher vapor pressures than the aforementioned two alkali materials to sufficiently high temperatures to produce alkali vapors. The temperature of the substrate onto which the various alkali vapors condense is maintained at a sufficiently high temperature for a sufficiently long period of time to drive off the trace quantities of the higher vapor pressure other alkali materials from the substrate. Additionally, after the alkali vapor sources are heated to temperatures sufficient to vaporize the alkali chromates therein, the temperatures of the sources are lower and maintained at sufficient levels to accelerate the removal of reduced alkali vapors from the sources and from the photomultiplier tube.

Abstract: A radio-frequency amplifier includes at least two double-ended electron discharge devices in coaxial-type, radio-frequency cavity-resonator circuits. Each discharge device has a discharge region so that the amplifier comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart, electrically connected discharge regions. Each of the discharge regions has a cathode with an anode circumscribing the cathode. At least one grid electrode is disposed between the cathode and the anode. A coaxial input transmission line is loop-coupled to an input cavity-resonator circuit and a coaxial output transmission line is loop-coupled to an output cavity-resonator circuit.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube having an electron gun includes a novel cathode sleeve, a heater filament having a heater body with a pair of heater legs disposed within the sleeve and a pair of heater straps attached to the heater legs. The novel cathode sleeve comprises a generally longitudinally extending first portion having a first diameter which conforms closely to the heater body portion of the heater filament for reducing the power requirement thereof, and a second generally longitudinally extending portion having a diameter greater than the first diameter. The second portion has a segment which coaxially encompasses a section of the first portion of the cathode sleeve. The segment of the second portion is connected to the section of the first portion by a reverse drawn transition region which effectively extends the thermal length of the cathode sleeve to minimize the conduction of heat therealong.

Abstract: An improved image pickup tube has an insulating envelope with precisely formed inside and outside surfaces. The inside surface of the envelope has a diameter the midpoint of which lies on a longitudinally extending first mechanical axis. An electron gun is aligned with the first mechanical axis. The precisely formed outside surface of the envelope is substantially coaxial with the inside surface. The outside surface has a diameter the midpoint of which lies on a second mechanical axis that is substantially coincident with the first mechanical axis and the optical axis.

Abstract: A color image display system includes a shadow mask type cathode-ray tube having a longitudinal axis, the tube including a panel, a funnel and a neck with a deflection yoke assembly encircling adjoining segments of the neck and funnel. A plurality of neck components are disposed around the neck of the tube. In one embodiment, an external magnetic shield is disposed along opposite sides of the funnel and neck of the tube. The shield extends across the longitudinal axis behind the neck for shunting magnetic fields from the tube while providing access to the deflection yoke assembly and the neck components. In a second embodiment, a second external magnetic shield is disposed orthogonal to the aforementioned external shield and spaced therefrom.