Abstract: A zoom lens having a high zoom ratio (>4×) and a large aperture ratio (FNO 2.8) and capable of providing close-range focus with only a small amount of aberration fluctuations. The zoom lens comprises either five or six lens groups. An exemplary zoom lens comprises, objectwise to imagewise, a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power and separated from the first lens group by a first air space, a third lens group having negative refractive power and separated from the second lens group by a second air space, a fourth lens group having positive refractive power and separated from the third lens group by a third air space, and a fifth lens group having a positive refractive power and separated from said fourth lens group by a fourth air space.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus has a field stop, disposed in a position conjugate to a reticle, for regulating an illumination area on the reticle. The field stop is constructed of two aperture members including light shielding portions, rectangular first and second apertures and light reducing portions formed at sides of these apertures. The exposure apparatus also has a drive system for shifting positions of light reducing portions and relatively moving the two aperture members during the projection.

Abstract: The safeguarded system for monitoring the pressure of a tire (8) of a vehicle wheel comprises a pressure sensor (1), a transmitter (3) of series of identical bursts of pressure data and a processor (2) for controlling the transmission of the bursts of data, arranged in order that, at least at wheel rotation speeds higher than a threshold, at least one burst of a series is transmitted in its entirety upon one wheel rotation.

Abstract: A layer of a metal is electroplated onto an electrically conducting substrate having a generally smooth surface with a small recess therein, having a transverse dimension not greater than about 350 micrometers, typically from about 5 micrometers to about 350 micrometers, by immersing the substrate and a counterelectrode in an electroplating bath of the metal to be electroplated and passing a modulated reversing electric current between the electrodes. The current contains pulses that are cathodic with respect to said substrate and pulses that are anodic with respect to said substrate. The cathodic pulses have a duty cycle less than about 50% and said anodic pulses have a duty cycle greater than about 50%, the charge transfer ratio of the cathodic pulses to the anodic pulses is greater than one, and the frequency of said pulses ranges from about 10 Hertz to about 5000 Hertz.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission provided with a rotary shaft characterized in that a ball spline is formed between an inner peripheral surface of a first disc and an outer peripheral surface of an intermediate portion of a rotary shaft, a restraining members for limiting displacement of balls of a ball spline is provided on an inner side of the inner peripheral surface of the first disc, a small-diametered portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the rotary shaft and between the first disc and a second disc, and the restraining members is mountable through the small-diametered portion with the restraining members and the small-diametered portion axially aligned with each other.

Abstract: This invention realizes a compact and light-weight structure having excellent durability and transmission efficiency. A toroidal type continuously variable transmission is provided around an input shaft concentric with a driving shaft, and a planetary gear mechanism is provided around an output shaft. This output shaft is disposed obliquely above the input shaft. By such disposition, the effective utilization of space is achieved, and compactness and lighter weight are realized.

Abstract: A smooth layer of a metal is electroplated onto a microrough electrically conducting substrate by immersing the substrate and a counterelectrode in an electroplating bath of the metal to be electroplated and passing a modulated reversing electric current between the electrodes. The current contains pulses that are cathodic with respect to said substrate and pulses that are anodic with respect to said substrate. The cathodic pulses have a duty cycle less than about 50% and said anodic pulses have a duty cycle greater than about 50%, the charge transfer ratio of the cathodic pulses to the anodic pulses is greater than one, and the frequency of said pulses ranges from about 10 Hertz to about 5000 Hertz.

Abstract: An apparatus for handling flowable material, particularly particulate material, which is held in a discharge container such as an IBC having an opening normally covered by a transport cap, comprises a device which is adapted to engage and remove the transport cap and a device to cover at least a rim of the cap during such removal. The problem of contamination is overcome using the apparatus which is in the form of an annular metal (in the embodiment) cowl which has two peripheral spaced apart upstanding walls, the inner wall rising from an internal base in the embodiment and from which also rises the engaging and removing device, which in the embodiment shown comprises a pneumatic piston and cylinder arrangement. The piston carries an extractor in the form of an annular disc or spider having a depending peripheral wall which carries an inflatable ring or tire. The external surface of the inner wall carries at its rim a lip seal which is mounted over an inflatable ring.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing mask patterns on a sensitive substrate includes a first mark detecting system for detecting a substrate mark in a detection area positioned at a predetermined interval from the optical axis of a projection optical system, and a second mark detecting system for detecting a mask mark formed at a predetermined position on a mask in the image field of the projection optical system. First and second fiducial mark members are mounted on a substrate stage with a fiducial plate. The mark members have a predetermined positional relation so that the first fiducial mark member is positioned in the detection area of the first mark detecting system when the second fiducial mark member is positioned in a predetermined relationship with respect to the position where the mask mark is to be present in the image field of the projection optical system.

Abstract: A compression molding system has a pair of mold part holders with corner assemblies that perform guidance, stop and stabilization functions. Interchangeable heated mold parts lacking the aforesaid functions, are removably attached to the respective holders in such a manner that sheet metal core and cavity components of the mold parts are properly aligned. The guidance function of the holders guides the movement of the mold parts toward one another, and the stop function limits such movement to provide a predetermined space between the sheet metal components in order to form compression molding material therebetween to a desired shape and thickness. The stabilization function prevents longitudinal and transverse expansion of one of the mold parts relative to the other. The holders are designed to be attached to platens of a press.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus comprises a modulator, an analyzer, and projecting optical system. The modulator includes two-dimensionally arrayed pixel units and it modulates an incident light and emits the modulated light. The analyzer analyzes the emitted light from the modulator. The projection optical system projects the analyzed light from the analyzer. The analyzer includes a polarized beam splitter having a pair of prisms and an adhesive layer held between the pair of prisms. The difference in thickness between thin and thick portions of the adhesive layer is set equal to a predetermined value or less, based on a pixel pitch of the modulator.

Abstract: A single-grip harvester head comprises a frame (1, 2), which defines a tree feeding path, and two feeding roller arms (5), which are pivotable in relation to the frame (1, 2) about a pivot axis (A1) each defined by a pivot pin (6) and which support a rotatable feeding roller (7) each. Each feeding roller arm (5) is formed as an angular lever with two lever legs (5a, 5b), the feeding roller (7) being supported at the free end of one of the legs (5a) and the pivot pin (6) of the feeding roller arm (5) being positioned in the angular area between the legs. The two pivot axes (A1) are located in a common plane perpendicular to the tree feeding path. Each pivot pin (6) is articulated to the frame (1, 2) at one of its ends by means of a ball joint (13) and controlled at its other end, in such a way that the pivot axis (A1) is movable in said plane but fixed in a direction perpendicular to this plane.

Abstract: A container for personal articles such as cosmetics and the like has a rigid shell and a flexible cover that fits over the shell. The cover has a central pocket with one or more pockets arranged around the inside of the wall of the central pocket and an exterior wall having one or more pockets arranged around the exterior wall. The cover is removably fastened to the shell, preferably by means of a skirt having fasteners thereon which is folded under the base of the shell and secured by the fasteners to hold the cover in position about the shell.

Abstract: A steering joint device for a car comprises a first universal joint coupled to a steering shaft, a second universal joint connected to the steering gear device side, and an anti-vibration device connected between the first universal joint and the second universal joint.

Abstract: A mount for an outboard motor is disclosed in which the cylinder block of the motor is within the hull and the gear box and propeller are outside the hull. The drive shaft passes through the mount from the block to the gear box. The mount permits the motor to be swung about a horizontal axis to raise and lower the propeller. It also permits the motor to perform rotary steering oscillations about an inclined axis which passes through the propeller, or close to the propeller. Because the propeller is oscillated about an axis which passes through or close to it, it remains on the boat center line when the motor is turned for steering purposes and moves to a position in which the line of thrust is downwards.

Abstract: A one-way clutch having a lock-up function, comprises an outer race, an inner race radially spaced apart from the outer race and disposed within the outer race concentrically for relative rotation, a cam surface provided on an inner peripheral surface of the outer race or an outer peipheral surface of the inner race, a track surface provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner race or the inner peripheral surface of the outer race in a confronting relationship to the cam surface, a plurality of roller members disposed between the outer race and the inner race and adapted to transmit torque between the outer race and the inner race, springs for biasing the roller members toward one circumferential direction, a side plate for holding the roller members and the springs with predetermined intervals along a circumferential direction, and a control member for acting on the roller members to effect lock-up control, and wherein the control member controls the one-way clutch to lock up the one-way clutch in b

Abstract: In a vertical form, fill, seal machine that produces liquid-filled stand-up pouches, a flat vertical fill tube is surrounded by an envelope of thermoplastic film that is closed along one longitudinal edge and open along the opposite longitudinal edge. A main drive assembly includes drive members that press opposite sides of the envelope against the flat fill tube. An auxiliary film drive assembly is responsive to film tension. Stand-up base cups are formed seriatim along the closed longitudinal edge of the envelope. Fitments are inserted seriatim into the open longitudinal edge, in correspondence with respective cups, and are sealed to the thermoplastic film, first by a spot-sealer and then by a top sealer. End seal/cut-off assemblies provide a seal transversely of the envelope that is bisected by a knife to release a leading pouch that has been formed, filled, and sealed.