Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed comprising a transducer, which transducer comprises at least one electrical connection point configured to enable an external electrical connection of the transducer. The transducer further comprises at least one decoupling coil configured to electrically decouple the transducer from the at least one electrical connection point at a frequency above an operating frequency of the transducer. Moreover, a method for assembling the described apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: An improved method of commutating an electronically commutated motor (20) is disclosed. The motor has a positive (34) and a negative connecting lead (36), a stator having at least one winding phase (22), a permanent-magnet rotor (26), a rotor-position sensor (28) for producing a rotor position signal (u1, u2), and a full bridge circuit (78), comprising a pair of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) coupled to each end of each winding phase (22). In order to prevent current shoot-through and prolong the service life of the MOSFETs, without employing a microprocessor, a respective-comparator (90, 90?, 92, 92?) is coupled to the gate of each MOSFET, in order to assure that the MOSFET is switched ON and OFF at an optimum time.

Abstract: A digital to RF-conversion device that combines the D/A conversion function and the upconversion function by a RF-carrier or IF-signal. The device comprises a plurality of parallel unit cells, each of which is a mixer cell type converter having a differential data switch section connected in series to a differential LO-switch pair. The differential LO-switch is further connected in series to a current source. Each unit cell is adapted to receive a control voltage indicative of a data signal value.

Abstract: A radiation intensifying screen is formed by a reflective-transmissive layer which is disposed between two radiation absorbing, luminescent phosphor layers having emission maximum wavelengths which are well separated. The reflective-transmissive layer is either a long wave pass or short wave pass filter which provides maximum reflection for spectral emissions produced in the first luminescent layer but, at the same time, allows the maximum transmission of spectral emissions produced in the second luminescent layer. An optional secondary reflective layer and a backing layer are provided adjacent to the second luminescent layer. As a result, spectral emissions in the first luminescent layer have a relatively short traveling path compared to the path in a conventional intensifying screen. The disclosed dual layer intensifying screen construction increases the spatial resolution of the phosphor screen without adversely affecting the screen speed.