Abstract: In a video coding apparatus coding a motion picture while switching a coding mode between an INTER coding mode and an INTRA coding mode, a motion information management part determines whether or not there is motion exceeding a prescribed threshold in an object in each region of m groups of blocks in each frame of the motion picture during a lapse of a prescribed time T from a prescribed point. On the basis of the result of this determination, a whole-group refresh part performs whole-group refresh (INTRA coding in one frame) on a group of blocks of a region having motion exceeding the threshold, and a dispersed refresh part performs dispersed refresh (INTRA coding in frames varying with the block) on a group of blocks of a region having no motion exceeding the threshold. Thus, appearance of a disturbance line is avoided and influence by a transmission error is eliminated in a short time while reducing increase of a coding quantity resulting from refresh.

Abstract: An object is to realize a server/client-type map information providing system capable of providing detailed, wide-ranging map related information through telecommunications at low costs, and a server side is provided with databases (9 to 12) storing the map related information. When notified of position information from a mobile terminal side, a processing portion 15 performs a route search referring to map data in the map database 9 based on the position information. The processing portion 15 then extracts Information related to the obtained route (route related information) from the databases (9 to 12) to transmit the information with the route to the mobile terminal side.

Abstract: Stock developer solutions for photoresists contain an organic base free from metal ions and at least one compound having a specified weight average molecular weight that is selected from among polyethylene oxide compounds, polypropylene oxide compounds and ethylene oxide/propylene oxide adducts. The stock developer solutions may be diluted to requisite concentrations to prepare developer solutions for photoresists. By adding one or more of the specified compounds to the organic base free from metal ions, one can produce highly compatible stock developer solutions for photoresists that are concentrated, that have high stability in quality and that permit ease in handling and quality control. The stock developer solutions may be diluted to prepare developer solutions that are small in the tendency to foam and effective in defoaming, that assure uniform wetting and that are capable of forming resist patterns faithful to mask patterns.

Abstract: The carrier is provided with retention openings formed by two kinds of radial flanges of special shapes. The carriers are preferably made of cardboard or pasteboard diecast blanks which are introduced over the top of the containers and which by and adhesion form the carriers. The invention has application in the support and transport of containers in groups of one or more rows, especially soft drink cans or pots.