Abstract: To readily open up a multi-sheet folded printed product comprising at least two folded printed sheets or signatures which are placed one inside the other, there is provided an innermost printed sheet which is of greater length at the center in the direction of the fold line than the remaining printed sheets. The innermost printed sheet thus protrudes past the remaining printed sheets by a marginal section or lap at one lateral edge. An opening device now can engage the protruding marginal section and can open up the printed product at the center without difficulties. When the printed product has been completed, i.e. after insertion of an enclosure or inserts into the opened printed product, the marginal section or lap is cut away. Since such marginal section or lap must be cut away only at one printed sheet the loss in material associated with the cutting operation is exceedingly small.

Abstract: For continuously crimping thermoplastic filaments, a filament bundle is blown by a jet nozzle into a stuffing chamber of a texturing wheel to produce a crimped filament bundle in the stuffing chamber. The stuffing chamber has a receiving zone, a treatment zone and a delivery zone. The filament bundle is subjected to a texturing or crimping treatment in the receiving zone and, depending upon the fiber material to be processed, undergoes a heating or cooling treatment in the treatment zone. The heating or cooling treatment is accomplished by a blowing agent which blows a gaseous medium into the stuffing chamber. At the delivery zone, the crimped filament bundle is taken-off or lifted-out of the stuffing chamber by fiber bundle-lifting means and moved towards a suction drum receiving the filament bundle.

Abstract: A sand layer is fluidized by a gas stream or current in a fluidized bed dryer and indirectly heated by immersed stationary heat-exchanger tubes. The sludge to be dried is continuously fed under pressure in a pumpable conditon from above onto the fluidized sand layer. The sludge is coagulated in the fluidized sand layer to form sludge lumps. Here, the sludge lumps are successively dried from the surface down to the core thereof, and the already dried layers of the sludge lumps are successively abraded by the fluidized sand, whereby the sludge lumps are entirely comminuted and the dry matter thereof is pulverized to form dust. This product dust is continuously discharged together with the exhaust-gas stream from the fluidized bed dryer and continuously separated as a product from the exhaust-gas stream. The gas stream or current freed from dust is partially recycled in a closed circuit back to the fluidized bed dryer for fluidization of the sand layer.

Abstract: A heatable controlled deflection roll contains hydrostatic support elements, each of which is supported in a pressure chamber and displaceable in a predetermined support or pressing direction. Heating of the rotatable roll shell or jacket of the controlled deflection roll is accomplished by infeeding a heated hydraulic heat carrier medium to bearing pockets of the hydrostatic support elements. This infeed of the heated hydraulic heat carrier medium is effected operationally separate from the provision of the pressure chamber with hydraulic pressurized fluid medium colder than the heated hydraulic heat carrier medium. The infeed of the hydraulic heat carrier medium and the infeed of the hydraulic pressurized fluid medium are thus accomplished via separate lines without thermal stressing of associated regulating valves and pumps and without a viscosity reduction of the hydraulic pressurized fluid medium, such viscosity reduction resulting in a loss of hydraulic pressurized fluid medium.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for supplying a reserve feed stock to a spinning machine or spinning position thereof, contemplates monitoring the operational state of a production feed stock and upon reaching a predeterminate operational state thereof, such as near depletion or depletion of the production feed stock, or even rupture thereof, bringing a reserve feed stock previously held in readiness into a production position where such reserve feed stock now assumes the role of a production feed stock. Consequently, downtime of the spinning machine or spinning position can be minimized and its operation at least partially automated since there is always available a reserve feed stock to allow for essentially continuous or continual production of a spun yarn or thread. One specific piecing technique uses a movable member for placement of a reserve feed stock into the travel path of a production feed stock such that piecing of these two feed stocks is reliably attained.

Abstract: A rotational bearing arrangement for high speeds of rotation comprises a casing and a shaft mounted therein at a first ball bearing and a second ball bearing. At least the first ball bearing is a radial shoulder ball bearing. The first ball bearing has a first track formed on the shaft and a first outer race and the second ball bearing has a second track formed on the shaft and a second outer race. One coacting track and one outer race in combination form the ways for the balls of each associated ball bearing. The outer races are disposed in hollow substantially cylindrical seats formed by the casing. The first outer race when secured in its assembled state is disposed in a seat which constitutes a sliding seat, the seat dimensions being such that the outer race when introduced into but not secured in the seat can be reciprocated substantially effortlessly in axial direction.

Abstract: There are formed at the wall of the friction spinning element bores or holes with a predeterminate bore diameter and a coating on their side facing a fiber feed duct, the coating extending over the bore edges into the bores or holes. Each bore or hole thus formed has a diameter at the bore or hole entrance or inlet which is smaller than the bore diameter of the related bore or hole. Each bore or hole has a cross-sectional area of less than 0.283 mm.sup.2, but amounting to at least 0.07 mm.sup.2. In this way, the undesirable penetration of fibers or fiber parts into the bores or holes is prevented as far as possible when air flows through the bores or holes at the side of the coating, while retaining a hole form or configuration which is favorable from the standpoint of airflow and blockage of the bores or holes.

Abstract: Support of a nip relieving device to compensate for overhanging weights at an elevationally displaceable bearing part of an intermediate roll of the calender is effected relative to the stand of the calender by an elevationally displaceable support member. This support member is displaceable by a threaded spindle which is rotatable with a motor and gearing and supported by the stand, to which threaded spindle the support member is individually engageable. The support member is thus individually displaceable to the related bearing part, according to the elevational position thereof, into a desired relative position. According to a preferred embodiment, the components of the nip relieving device are arranged in a bearing sleeve enclosing the threaded spindle and the support member is formed by a nut which is elevationally displaceable by rotation of the threaded spindle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for forming, filling and sealing bag-type packages. For certain filling products it is advantageous to "strip" or flatten the bag-type package prior to sealing, i.e. to ensure that the bag is volumetrically displaced. As a result all bag-type packages are tightly filled despite varying specific weight of the filling product. This object of the invention is achieved by return conveyance or feed of the bag hose or tube and passage of the latter through a constrictive location. An advantage of the apparatus resides in the possibility of achieving high production speeds by virtue of small moved masses.

Abstract: A reserve feed stock is pieced with a production feed stock, particularly a roving of a ring spinning machine. The piecing operation can be accomplished by applying twist to predetermine portions of the reserve and production feed stocks and then releasing such applied twist upon separation of the reserve and production feed stocks at predeterminate locations thereof.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for transmitting data are used in a manufacturing machine, particularly a yarn manufacturing machine containing a plurality of production stations, a plurality of associated monitoring locations, a plurality of respective monitoring sensors, and a central control unit. The central control unit applies to the monitoring locations a modulated supply voltage via a conductor common to all of the monitoring locations. The modulated supply voltage contains a plurality of sections each of which is associated with one of the plurality of monitoring locations. The associated section is identified at the monitoring location by counting from a starting point which is marked in the modulated supply voltage. At the occurrence of a predetermined event at respective ones of the plurality of monitoring locations, respective sections of the modulated supply voltage are marked. The marked sections as well as the respective monitoring locations are identified in the central control unit.

Abstract: A measuring probe in which the electrolyte is in the form of a highly viscous gel produced in situ from an ion-permeable polymer and a neutral salt suspension. Homogeneously suspended neutral salt particles in the gel cause the gel to have a turbid appearance which disappears progressively as the suspended neutral salt particles pass into solution, thus indicating at all times the state of aging of the electrolyte. The additional presence of silica gel renders the probe potential resistant to pressures in excess of 10 bars.

Abstract: An operating table comprises a patient rest or support structure which is mounted at a rolling bearing, i.e. a bearing associated with the rolling motion of the patient rest or support structure. The axis of this rolling bearing corresponds with a rolling or roll axis and defines a predetermined angle with the patient rest or support structure, so that the extension of the axis of the rolling bearing, subsequent to intersection thereof with the plane of the patient rest or support structure at a predetermined punctiform location, extends substantially through the center of an operating site defined in or at the head of a patient stretched out on the patient rest or support structure. In this manner, it is rendered possible that, when rolling movements or motions with the patient rest or support structure are accomplished by means of a suitable drive for such rolling motion, the center of the operating site remains essentially unchanged at the same location.

Abstract: A fiber infeed device supplies fiber material to a textile machine, such as a card, and comprises a driven rotatable feed roll and feed plate. This feed roll is, however, spatially fixed, whereas the feed plate is pivotable but physically immobile during detection of the thickness and thickness variations of the infed fiber material. The feed plate can be pivoted into an operating position against a stop during throughpass of the fiber material. A substantially invariable size nipping zone is thus formed between the driven rotatable feed roll and the stationary feed plate in which a property of the throughpassing fiber material representative of its instantaneous thickness and thus variations thereof can be detected. By positionally fixing the feed plate, for instance, different forces are applied thereto in the nipping zone where the fiber material is compacted. The arising variable forces enable ascertaining thickness variations of the infed fiber material.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a work surface heated by a heat carrier medium and located upon a heat-conducting layer carried by a metallic base body. The base body is provided with grooves at its surface confronting the heat-conducting layer and/or this heat-conducting layer is provided at its surface confronting the base body with grooves. The work surface is heated by infeeding the heat carrier medium into the grooves. To influence heat transfer to the heat-conducting layer carrying the work surface, particularly to a sheet metal plating or the like, for instance a cylinder jacket seated in direct metallic contact or only through the intermediate disposition of a transition layer of good thermal conductivity, upon the base body, there are provided control means regulating heat conduction from the base body to the heat-conducting layer and/or from the heat carrier medium guided in the grooves to the base body or the heat-conducting layer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed in which only one working point or machining point on a machining tool, which in general can comprise a grinding wheel or disc, is in machining contact with a workpiece such as a gear blank during a machining operation. The position of this single working or machining point can be selectively chosen within a machining region of the grinding wheel or disk and can be prescribed to lie in a zone of fixed or variable radius of the grinding wheel or disk. This is achieved through at least one feed motion, in general a feed motion of the grinding wheel or disc, effected in addition to feed motions known per se in machining processes performed essentially according to the indexing generating method. This means that the machining contact point between the grinding wheel or disk and the gear blank does not wander on the grinding wheel or disk in correspondence with the generating feed motions but can be confined to a predeterminate region.

Abstract: The filtering apparatus comprises at least one filtering material pleated in fanfold formation and arranged between the inflow or upstream side and the outflow or downstream side. Each pleat open toward the inflow or upstream side possesses a rounded base. The radius of the rounded base is in the range of 0.05 to 0.3 times the pleat depth. Each pleat open toward the outflow or downstream side terminates in an acute angle. A dimensionally stable insert is positioned within each pleat which is open toward the outflow or downstream side. The insert is preferably formed of flat material and comprises bilaterally protuberant deformations. The inserts are provided with bores at least at the protuberant deformations. Each of the inserts space the two confronting downstream sides of the associated filtering pleat and prevent that the filtering material, at high-pressure conditions, is pressed together and becomes impervious at the locations pressed against the inserts.

Abstract: The balustrade for transportation apparatus, such as an escalator or a moving passenger walkway contains upright balustrade panels directly laterally guiding tread elements, such as steps or tread plates so as to dispense with both of the conventionally employed inner balustrade decks with their associated inner deck covers. A respective stable support profile member connected with a support body and arranged at both sides of a transport element, such as a step or tread plate band receives the base of the associated balustrade panel. The heads of screws or threaded bolts required for fastening the associated balustrade panel are arranged counter-sunk in openings of such balustrade panel. Apart from the savings in cost realized with the invention it is also possible to reduce the entire structural width of the transportation apparatus.

Abstract: There are disclosed one-piece chuck structures for use in winding machines and particularly, but not exclusively, for use in high speed winding machines for the take-up of synthetic plastics filament. These one-piece chuck structures comprise a first elongated tubular portion adapted to receive one or more bobbin tubes and a second elongated tubular portion integral with the first elongated tubular portion and of reduced external diameter relative thereto. Bearings cooperate with the exterior of the second elongated tubular portion such that the first elongated tubular portion and the second elongated tubular portion are rotatable about a common longitudinal axis. Also disclosed are hollow bobbin tube-engaging elements as well as double-arm tube-positioning members which can be used with such and other chuck structures.