Abstract: Process for the production and concentration of alkaline silica sols containing nonaggregated, spherical SiO.sub.2 particles with a diameter of .gtoreq.1 nm starting with SiO.sub.2 concentrations of 4-8% by weight, using microporous membrane filters.

Abstract: New reactive dyestuffs which, in the form of the free acid, correspond to the following formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents have the meaning given in the description, are suitable for dyeing and printing materials containing hydroxyl groups or amide groups, in particular cellulose materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to certain highly substituted carboxymethyl sulfoethyl cellulose ethers (CMSEC), to a simplified and economic process for their production and to their use as thickeners in textile printing.

Abstract: Methanol can be substantially removed from dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/methanol mixtures by absorption on ion exchange resins. The enriched DMC is obtained as filtrate. The absorption is carried out at from -50.degree. C. to +100.degree. C. and 0.1-10 bar.

Abstract: Aliphatic .omega.-difluorocarboxyl compounds are prepared in an economic manner from aliphatic .omega.-monohalogeno-difluorocarboxyl compounds by bringing the latter into contact with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst which is applied to an inert support material and comprises one or more metals of group VIII of the Periodic Table at 120.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: In the device for selective non-catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, a liquid nitrogen-containing reducing agent is sprayed through two-component lances into a stream of hot flue gases. Spraying occurs in pulsatory operation at a frequency of 5 to 70 per second, preferably 10 to 20 per second. As a result of this mode of operation, a spray cone of relatively coarse long-range drops and a spray cone of relatively fine short-range drops are produced alternately at each two-component nozzle. The reducing agent is ammonia dissolved in water (ammonia solution) at flue-gas temperatures of 1060.degree. C. to 1170.degree. C. The device for working the method comprises a flue-gas duct 3 incorporating a number of two-component lances 4 operated by a pressure medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to oriented, sealable polypropylene film combining an improved water vapor barrier effect with a considerably reduced coefficient of friction for packaging purposes, characterized in that they are free from polydimethyl siloxane and have the following structure:A B C B Awherea) C is the core layer consisting of polypropylene and a hydrocarbon resin, which has a molecular weight of up to about 2000 g/mol and a softening point above 130.degree. C., and 0.05 to 0.5% by weight erucic acid amide,b) the B's are two jacket layers of highly isotactic polypropylene (isotacticity >94%) free from hydrocarbon resin, the ratio between the thickness of the jacket layer and the thickness of the base layer being between 0.01 and 0.1,c) the A's are two surface layers of a heat-sealable polyolefin copolymer or terpolymer, these surface layers containing at least one antiblocking agent, an antistatic agent and, as lubricant, 0.05 to 0.5% by weight erucic acid amide.

Abstract: Mosquito coils are resistant to breakage, light, flat and ensure a good active substance yield if they consist of a wood-chip and/or fiber material of a density of only 0.4 to 0.7 kg/dm.sup.3 and preferably have a thickness of 1 to 4.5 mm, the active substance being applied to the spiral (1) as a layer (2).

Abstract: In order to impart an adequate functional stiffness to a steering wheel comprising an injection-molded skeleton made of partly crystalline thermoplastic plastic, the skeleton of the steering wheel has a press-stretched structure.

Abstract: .beta.-Aminoacrylic acid esters can be prepared by reacting acetic acid esters of the formulaH.sub.2 CR.sub.1 --COOR.sup.2 (II)with aminal esters of the formula ##STR1## at 0.5-10 bar and 50.degree.-170.degree. C. in an aprotic polar solvent. The radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The invention relates to sealable polypropylene films having an improved water vapor barrier effect through the following layer structure:ABCBAwherea) C is the base layer of highly isotactic polypropylene with an isotacticity of >94% and a hydrocarbon resin which has a molecular weight of up to about 2000 g/mol and a softening point above 130.degree. C.,b) the B's are two jacket layers of highly isotactic polypropylene (isotacticity >94%) free from hydrocarbon resin, the ratio between the thickness of the jacket layer and the thickness of the base layer being between 0.01 and 0.1,c) the A's are two surface layers of a heat-sealable polyolefin homopolymer, copolymer or terpolymer, these surface layers containing at least one antiblocking agent, a lubricant and an antistatic agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oriented sealable polypropylene film combining an improved water vapor barrier effect with considerably reduced global migration for packaging purposes and having the following layer structure:A B C B Awherea) C is a base layer of polypropylene and a hydrocarbon resin which has a molecular weight of up to about 2000 g/mol and a softening point above 130.degree. C.,b) the B's are jacket layers of highly isotactic polypropylene (isotacticity >94%) free from hydrocarbon resin, the ratio between the thickness of a jacket layer and the thickness of the base layer being between 0.01 and 0.1,c) the A's are two surface layers of a heat-sealable polyolefin copolymer or terpolymer, these surface layers containing at least one antiblocking agent, a lubricant and an antistatic agent.

Abstract: Substituted triazolinones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and X having the meanings defined in the specification, are useful as herbicides.

Abstract: New thermoreactive recording materials contain a mixture containing at least one specifically modified bisphenol carboxylic acid and at least one basic compound. They are distinguished by good stabilization of the color even upon extended storage, good light stabilities and excellent stabilities to water, plasticizers, greases and ingredients of text-marking pens.

Abstract: Cationic 1,3,4-thiadiazolyldiphenylamine dyestuffs and corresponding anhydro bases, the dyestuffs having the formula (I) ##STR1## their preparation and their use, and materials dyed with such dyestuffs.

Abstract: Electrolessly deposited metal films having improved adhesion can be obtained by coating the surface of the substrates to be metallized with a formulation consisting of UV-curable varnishes which contain noble metal compounds as activators and, in addition, either fillers or solvents or a combination of fillers and solvents, curing these varnishes by means of UV radiation, followed by electroless metallization of the substrates thus treated.

Abstract: A process for the continuous reaction of halogenopyrimidines with amines, a halogenopyrimidine and an aqueous amine solution or suspension being passed into a reactor and the reaction product being subsequently conducted away, is described, characterized in that the starting materials are introduced into the reactor simultaneously and continuously with intensive mixing.

Abstract: According to the invention, a new process has been found for the preparation of 2,2-difluoro-benzo[1,3]-dioxole-carbaldehydes of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which benzo[1,3]dioxole-carbaldehydes are chlorinated, the 2,2-dichloro-dichloromethylbenzo[1,3]dioxoles formed, which are likewise new, are partly fluorinated to give the 2,2-difluoro-dichloromethyl-benzo[1,3]dioxoles, which are likewise new, and these are then reacted with urotropin to give the desired compounds.

Abstract: Halogenated aromatic compounds are prepared by passing esters of halogenoformic acid at temperatures in the range 150.degree. to 600.degree. C. and pressures from 0.1 to 3 bar over a catalyst containing chromium, magnesium, iron, silicon and/or aluminium, wherein if Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalysts are used these have been activated with hydrogen halide.

Abstract: C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -Alkyl nitrites can be prepared by reacting nitrogen dioxide with C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alcohols, by, in a counterflow-operated column, feeding the alcohol or an alcohol/water mixture into the upper part of the column and the nitrogen dioxide or a nitrogen dioxide/inert gas mixture into the lower part of the column. The resulting alkyl nitrite is removed from the column as the top product and the co-formed nitric acid is removed from the column as the bottom product.