Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of primarily closed cell rigid foams, useful for strengthening mechanical construction parts or for use as insulation material, containing urethane groups, or urethane and isocyanurate groups where the polyol component is a higher molecular weight polyester polyol, containing in bonded form units having one or more of the structures: ##STR1## or a mixture of said polyester polyol and known polyester polyols and/or polyether polyols.

Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers having a K value of from 15 to 120 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in an aqueous solution of their sodium salt at 25.degree. C., a pH of 7 and a polymer concentration of the Na salt of 1% by weight) contain, in polymerized form,(a) not less than 80 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 0.5 to 20 mol % of a comonomer which possesses two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds and one or more --CO--OX groups and/or their salt with an alkali metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal base, and, if required,(c) not more than 10 mol % of one or more comonomers which differ from (b) and possess two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds, and the said copolymers are prepared by copolymerization of the monomers (a), (b) and, if required (c) in aqueous solution and are used for coating seed.

Abstract: A surfactant-based detergent contains water-soluble copolymers which contain(a) from 99.5 to 15 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 0.5 to 20 mol % of one or more comonomers which contain two or more ethylenically unsaturated nonconjugated double bonds and have one or more --CO--OX groups where X is hydrogen, an alkali metal, one equivalent of an alkaline earth metal or ammonium,(c) from 0 to 84.5 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 - to C.sub.6 -dicarboxylic acids,(d) from 0 to 20 mol % of one or more hydroxyalkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -carboxylic acids and(e) from 0 to 30 mol % of other water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (a) to (d)as copolymerized units, with the proviso that the sum of the mol % ages (a) to (e) is always 100 and which have a Finkentscher K value of from 8 to 120.

Abstract: A surfactant-based detergent contains water-soluble copolymers which contain(a) from 99.5 to 15 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 0.5 to 20 mol % or one or more comonomers which have two or more ethylenically unsaturated nonconjugated double bonds and are derived from esters,(c) from 0 to 84.5 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 - to C.sub.6 -dicarboxylic acids,(d) from 0 to 20 mol % of one or more hydroxyalkyl esters of monoethlenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -carboxlic acids and(e) from 0 to 30 mol % of other water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (a) to (d)as copolymerized units, with the proviso that the sum of the mol % ages (a) to (e) is always 100 and which have a Fikentscher K value of from 8 to 120.

Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams resistant to cigarette smoldering after being subjected to flex fatigue, prepared by reacting a conventional polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, and a blowing agent, and incorporating substantially uncrushed melamine in an amount ranging from about 5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent.

Abstract: Secondary-amino-functional organosilicone are prepared by the reaction of an N-substituted, secondary allylamine with an Si-H functionalized organosilicone particularly a di- or polysiloxane. The resulting products are useful in toughening thermosetting matrix resins, particularly epoxy resins.

Abstract: A process for tempering unextracted polycaprolactam is disclosed which results in polycaprolactam having suitable physical and chemical properties for melt extrusion and spinning, without the need for conventional solvent/water extraction and drying of crude granules.

Abstract: Slightly crosslinked, water-soluble polymaleic acid which is obtainable by polymerization of maleic anhydride with from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a crosslinking agent in an aromatic hydrocarbon at from 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. in the presence of from 1 to 20% by weight, based on maleic anhydride, of a peroxyester, and hydrolysis of the polymer to give slightly crosslinked polymaleic acid having a Fikentscher K value of from 8 to 20 (measured at 20.degree. C. in 5% strength aqueous solution at pH 7 as the Na salt), a process for the preparation of slightly crosslinked polymaleic acid, and its use as a water treatment agent for reducing boiler scale and hard water deposits in water-conveying systems.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-hydroxy-4-(2'-hydroxyethoxy)benzophenones, by reacting 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenones with ethylene carbonate in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt catalyst at elevated temperatures, and isolating the finished product from the crude reaction mixture.

Abstract: Cyanate-functional resin adhesives, matrix resin films and prepregs which maintain their tack for extended periods may be prepared using silicone coated release film containing low levels of residual metal catalyst, or which have had their silicone coating prepared in the absence of such catalysts.

Abstract: Bismaleimide resion systems containing a bismaleimide and a multinuclear alkenyl and/or alkynyl arene as comonomers have improved toughness while maintaining high glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: Catalyzed processes for the preparation of aliphatic di- and polyurethanes from aliphatic di- or polyamines, urea, and monofunctional, aliphatic alcohols are disclosed which result in shorter reaction times and/or higher yields than the corresponding uncatalyzed reactions.This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Application Ser. No. 124,701 filed Nov. 24, 1987, now abandoned, which is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 135,247, filed Mar. 31, 1980, now abandoned, and Ser. No. 879,025 filed June 26, 1986, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,713,476 both applications claiming priority to Federal Republic of Germany application No. 2917493, filed Apr. 30, 1979, which are herein expressly incorporated by reference.

Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams prepared by reacting a polyether polyol, or organic isocyanate, and a blowing agent incorporating (a) melamine in an amount ranging from about 30 weight percent to about 55 weight percent and an effective amount of (b) another flame retardant.

Abstract: Modified heat-curable resins having enhanced toughness are prepared through incorporation of certain secondary amine terminated organosilicones or prereacts of these organosilicones with epoxy, cyanate, or bismaleimide resins. These modified resins are useful as toughened matrix resins, as high temperature, high strength elastomers, and, particularly, as structural adhesives.

Abstract: Crop oil concentrates are disclosed which not only increase the herbicidal efficacy of herbicides from diverse chemical classes, but moreover assist in defeating the apparent antagonism which often arises when two or more herbicides are utilized together.

Abstract: Bismaleimide resin systems containing one or more bismaleimides and an alkenyl and/or alkynyl substituted phenylated dicyclopentadiene comonomer have high glass transition temperatures and impact resistance.

Abstract: Thermally stable polyoxyethylene polyethers prepared by oxyethylating aromatic initiators having at least two reactive hydrogens derived from amino or hydroxyl functional groups located para to each other are disclosed. These polyethers are especially suitable as solder bath oils, solder reflow oils, and heat transfer fluids for high temperature applications.

Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams resistant to cigarette smoldering after being subjected to flex fatigue prepared by reacting a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate, and a blowing agent incorporating melamine in an amount ranging from about 5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent.

Abstract: Toughened heat-curable bismaleimide resin systems which contain alkenylphenoxy-terminated polysiloxane modifiers and compatibilizing agents. Cured resin systems exhibit increased toughness without a concomitant decrease in thermal stability at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Substantially pure triarylmethane dyestuff salts free of contamination by arylamines are prepared by isolating in relatively pure form, the carbinol base corresponding to the dyestuff followed by salt formation by reaction with the appropriate acid. The resulting colorants are highly suitable for ball-point pen, printing, and ribbon inks.