Abstract: Electrical interconnect systems for a server power shelf are disclosed. An electrical interconnect system, which can include multiple connectors and a printed circuit board or other wiring, can allow a control circuit, such as a shelf management controller (SMC), to be accessible via a front or rear of a server power shelf. The control circuit can be communicatively coupled to the backplane of the server power shelf through the electrical interconnect system in either the front or rear position without having to reconfigure or redesign a server power shelf configuration. Further, the control circuit can be hot swappable from both the front-loading position and the rear loading position. Even further, when utilized in the front-loading position, neither the electrical interconnect system nor the control circuit occupy a slot of the server power shelf intended for a power supply or reduce a number of power supplies the shelf can include.

Abstract: A voltage converter comprising a voltage input, a transformer comprising a primary winding coupled with the voltage input, a main switch coupled at a node with the primary winding, a snubber circuit coupled with the voltage input and with the node, the snubber circuit comprising a controllable switch having a gate and a source. A control circuit is coupled with the main switch and configured to turn the main switch on and off to convert an input voltage supplied to the voltage input to an output voltage distinct from the input voltage. The gate is coupled with the source to prevent the controllable switch from turning on.

Abstract: A charge voltage calibration system comprises a power supply, a light string, a driver, and a calibration circuit. The driver comprises a capacitor, a switch, and a sense resistor. The switch, sense resistor, and light string are coupled in series to form a discharge path coupled in parallel with the capacitor. The calibration circuit comprises a controller, a DAC, a comparator, a memory device. The controller is configured to control the DAC to provide a reference voltage to the comparator, cause the power converter to supply a first charge voltage to the driver, cause the switch to transition from an off state to an on state to discharge stored energy in the capacitor through the discharge path, and store a value of the first charge voltage in the memory device in response to detection of voltage generated across the sense resistor being greater than or equal to the reference voltage.

Abstract: A gate driver circuit comprises an auxiliary winding, a voltage summer, an auxiliary voltage bus, a gate driver integrated circuit (IC), and a controller. The auxiliary winding is positioned adjacently to the inductor and configured to inductively couple with the inductor. The voltage summer comprises a pair of diodes coupled to the auxiliary winding and a pair of capacitors coupled to the pair of diodes. The auxiliary voltage bus is configured to receive a summed voltage from the voltage summer based on a sum of voltages stored in the pair of capacitors. The gate driver IC is configured to receive a voltage from a positive rail of the auxiliary voltage bus and to output a gate control signal to control a switching device based on the received voltage and based on a pulse signal generated by the controller.

Abstract: A circuit for use in an LLC converter comprises a first primary side switch, a first secondary side switch assembly, and a controller. The controller is configured to measure, on the primary side of the LLC converter, a first voltage and determine, based on the first voltage, a delay due to the first voltage. The controller is also configured to apply a first gate voltage to the first primary side switch to transition the first primary side switch from an off state to an on state and apply a second gate voltage to the first secondary side switch assembly to transition the first secondary side switch assembly from an off state to an on state. The application of the first gate voltage and the application of the second gate voltage are separated by a synchronous rectifier delay based at least on the delay due to the first voltage.

Abstract: A power controller circuit comprises a controller and a bi-directional switching assembly coupled to a sensor configured to sense at least one energy parameter of an energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly. The bi-directional switching assembly comprises a controllable switch. The controller is configured to control the controllable switch into a conduction mode during a first portion of an energy cycle of electrical energy supplied to the bi-directional switching assembly to cause the energy to flow through the bi-directional switching assembly. Via the sensor, the controller monitors the at least one energy parameter of the energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly. The controller controls the first controllable switch into a non-conduction mode based on an amount of the at least one energy parameter of the energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly during the first portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a high voltage direct current power supply including a primary high voltage direct current supply offering a primary output; a floating secondary output floating with respect to the primary output and fed by the primary output: an output terminal at the floating secondary output for providing an output voltage; a controller operative to detect a change in the output voltage at the output terminal and to generate a control signal responsive to the change in output voltage; and a controllable current source, which can comprise a programmable current source, arranged to provide current at the floating secondary output responsive to the said control signal and whereby the said current is provided to reduce charging of a secondary output capacitance as the output voltage changes.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus comprises a main transformer having first and second windings wound about a core and coupled together via mutual inductance. First and second voltage converters are coupled to a first and second input voltage sources and configured to supply first and second currents simultaneously to the first and second windings. The power conversion apparatus also comprises a secondary transformer having a first winding configured to generate a first magnetic flux in a first direction in response to the first current flowing therethrough and having a second winding configured to generate a second magnetic flux in a second direction opposite the first direction in response to the second current flowing therethrough. The first and second windings of the secondary transformer are coupled together via mutual inductance in response to the first and second currents flowing therethrough.

Abstract: In the parallel operation of power supply units, a high line ripple current may be observed in output when the power supply units (PSUs) are supplied with different inputs. For example, a high line ripple current may be observed when PSUs were supplied with different line frequency inputs and/or when PSUs were supplied with different phase angle input lines. A low pass filter is in a control loop which is capable of filtering the line frequency to get an average current reference signal. The average current reference signal is compared with the real time output current to generate an error signal. This error signal is fed back to a voltage control loop to adjust the output in order to compensate the line ripple.

Abstract: A controller of a power converter is coupled to a switch assembly and configured to perform a hold-up time procedure that causes the controller to control first and second switching elements into opposite conducting states during a first period of time of a pulse cycle and into alternate opposite conducting states during a second period of time of the pulse cycle. The hold-up time procedure also causes the controller to control a first pair of synchronous rectifier switching devices into a conducting state during a third period of time overlapping less than all of the first period of time and into the conducting state during a fourth period of time overlapping less than all of the second period of time. A second pair of synchronous rectifier switching devices is controlled into a non-conducting state during the first and second periods of time.

Abstract: A power converter includes a transformer, a switching bridge circuit, a resonant tank circuit, an output rectifier, and a controller. The switching bridge circuit includes a plurality of switches, each switch controllable into a conduction mode and into a non-conduction mode. The controller is configured to control the plurality of switches based on a series of phase shift modulation switching cycles, each cycle comprising a control period and a delay period. During the control period, the controller causes the conduction mode of each switch of the plurality of switches to overlap a portion of each conduction mode of two other switches. During the delay period, the controller controls all of the switches into non-conduction modes overlapping in time.

Abstract: In the parallel operation of power supply units, a high line ripple current may be observed in output when the power supply units (PSUs) are supplied with different inputs. For example, a high line ripple current may be observed when PSUs were supplied with different line frequency inputs and/or when PSUs were supplied with different phase angle input lines. A low pass filter is in a control loop which is capable of filtering the line frequency to get an average current reference signal. The average current reference signal is compared with the real time output current to generate an error signal. This error signal is fed back to a voltage control loop to adjust the output in order to compensate the line ripple.

Abstract: A circuit for use in an LLC converter comprises a first primary side switch, a first secondary side switch assembly, a controller, and a resonant network. The controller is configured to measure, on the LLC primary side, a first voltage and determine a delay due to the first voltage. The controller is also configured to apply a first gate voltage to the first primary side switch to transition the first primary side switch from an off state to an on state and apply a second gate voltage to the first secondary side switch assembly to transition the first secondary side switch assembly from an off state to an on state. The application of the first and second gate voltages are separated by a synchronous rectifier delay based on the delay due to the first voltage, the first voltage comprising a voltage across the resonant capacitor.

Abstract: A circuit for use in an LLC converter comprises a first primary side switch, a first secondary side switch assembly, and a controller. The controller is configured to measure, on the primary side of the LLC converter, a first voltage and determine, based on the first voltage, a delay due to the first voltage. The controller is also configured to apply a first gate voltage to the first primary side switch to transition the first primary side switch from an off state to an on state and apply a second gate voltage to the first secondary side switch assembly to transition the first secondary side switch assembly from an off state to an on state. The application of the first gate voltage and the application of the second gate voltage are separated by a synchronous rectifier delay based at least on the delay due to the first voltage.

Abstract: In the parallel operation of power supply units, a high line ripple current may be observed in output when the power supply units (PSUs) are supplied with different inputs. For example, a high line ripple current may be observed when PSUs were supplied with different line frequency inputs and/or when PSUs were supplied with different phase angle input lines. A low pass filter is in a control loop which is capable of filtering the line frequency to get an average current reference signal. The average current reference signal is compared with the real time output current to generate an error signal. This error signal is fed back to a voltage control loop to adjust the output in order to compensate the line ripple.

Abstract: A power controller circuit comprises a controller and a bi-directional switching assembly coupled to a sensor configured to sense at least one energy parameter of an energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly. The bi-directional switching assembly comprises a controllable switch. The controller is configured to control the controllable switch into a conduction mode during a first portion of an energy cycle of electrical energy supplied to the bi-directional switching assembly to cause the energy to flow through the bi-directional switching assembly. Via the sensor, the controller monitors the at least one energy parameter of the energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly. The controller controls the first controllable switch into a non-conduction mode based on an amount of the at least one energy parameter of the energy flowing through the bi-directional switching assembly during the first portion.

Abstract: A bus bar assembly comprises a first bus bar and a second bus bar. Each bus bar comprises a bridge flange having a first side and a second side, top and bottom flanges extending from the first side of the bridge flange, and an interface flange extending from the second side of the bridge flange. The bus bar assembly further comprises a first insulation layer positioned between the top flanges of the first and second bus bars and a second insulation layer positioned between the bottom flanges of the first and second bus bars. Each of the top and bottom flanges comprises a plurality of mating devices coupled thereto. The top flanges of the first and second bus bars and the first insulation layer are fixedly joined together. The bottom flanges of the first and second bus bars and the second insulation layer are fixedly joined together.

Abstract: In the parallel operation of power supply units, a high line ripple current may be observed in output when the power supply units (PSUs) are supplied with different inputs. For example, a high line ripple current may be observed when PSUs were supplied with different line frequency inputs and/or when PSUs were supplied with different phase angle input lines. A low pass filter is in a control loop which is capable of filtering the line frequency to get an average current reference signal. The average current reference signal is compared with the real time output current to generate an error signal. This error signal is fed back to a voltage control loop to adjust the output in order to compensate the line ripple.

Abstract: A gate driver circuit comprises an auxiliary winding, a voltage summer, an auxiliary voltage bus, a gate driver integrated circuit (IC), and a controller. The auxiliary winding is positioned adjacently to the inductor and configured to inductively couple with the inductor. The voltage summer comprises a pair of diodes coupled to the auxiliary winding and a pair of capacitors coupled to the pair of diodes. The auxiliary voltage bus is configured to receive a summed voltage from the voltage summer based on a sum of voltages stored in the pair of capacitors. The gate driver IC is configured to receive a voltage from a positive rail of the auxiliary voltage bus and to output a gate control signal to control a switching device based on the received voltage and based on a pulse signal generated by the controller.

Abstract: Electrical interconnect systems for a server power shelf are disclosed. An electrical interconnect system, which can include multiple connectors and a printed circuit board or other wiring, can allow a control circuit, such as a shelf management controller (SMC), to be accessible via a front or rear of a server power shelf. The control circuit can be communicatively coupled to the backplane of the server power shelf through the electrical interconnect system in either the front or rear position without having to reconfigure or redesign a server power shelf configuration. Further, the control circuit can be hot swappable from both the front-loading position and the rear loading position. Even further, when utilized in the front-loading position, neither the electrical interconnect system nor the control circuit occupy a slot of the server power shelf intended for a power supply or reduce a number of power supplies the shelf can include.