Abstract: A process and apparatus for separating a gas from a gas mixture. The apparatus includes a vessel having an interior with a bed of adsorbent disposed therein. First and second passages communicate with the interior of the vessel. In a first step, the gas mixture is fed to the bed via the first passage and discharged from the bed via the second passage. In a second step, rest gas is evacuated from the bed via the first passage. In a third step, the gas mixture is fed to the bed via the second passage and discharged from the bed via the first passage. In a fourth step, rest gas is evacuated from the bed via the second passage.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for laser cutting metal workpieces which contain bound oxygen by using a mixture of ay least one inert gas and hydrogen as the cutting gas. The hydrogen protein of the cutting gas prevents oxygen which is from the metal during the cutting process from causing undesired oxidation in the region of the cutting point. The formation of burrs and furrows is thus prevented.

Abstract: A method of treating cellulose pulp which is subjected to an oxygen-delignification stage (3), a washing stage (4), an ozone-bleaching stage (1) and a further bleaching stage, for instance a peroxide-bleaching stage (7). A gas mixture of oxygen and ozone is delivered to the ozone-bleaching stage (1). The used gas mixture is regenerated, i.e. freed from carbon dioxide, and returned to the oxygen-delignification stage (3) and/or to a bleaching stage (7).

Abstract: A process for production of a moulded ceramic and/or metallic body from a ductile material comprising one or more ceramic and/or metallic components, which material is fed into the pre-heated mould cavity (1) of a moulding tool. The moulded tool includes at least two mould parts (4, 5) of which at least one wholly or partly consists of a microporous material with communicating micropores. At least one mould cavity (1) comprising at least one mould surface (2, 3) exhibiting closed micropores is arranged in the microporous mould part (4, 5) or in a microporous section (6) thereof. The microporous mould part (4, 5) or the microporous section (6) thereof is pre-heated by supply of warm fluid, such as a heated gas. Said part (4, 5) or section (6) is after terminated moulding cooled by supply of cold fluid, such as a condensed gas. the invention includes in a further aspect a moulded body produced according to the process.

Abstract: A method that solves the problem of suppressing disturbing effects of transition and alkaline earth metal compounds during bleaching of chemically digested lignocellulosic pulp in a sequence with oxygen bleaching prior to oxidative stages with introduction of for instance ozone, superoxides, hydrogen peroxide and peroxy acids. The conditions during the oxygen bleaching are chosen so that the properties of these metal compounds are changed and the compounds removed from the pulp during the oxygen bleaching under such conditions that the attack on the cellulose is small and the fluctuations of the pulp quality due to fluctuating amounts of these metal compounds decrease markedly.

Abstract: An apparatus for the treatment of components by means of a gas mixture, comprising mainly a first light gas and minor amounts of a second gas being heavier than the first gas, has a treatment chamber (10) in which the treatment occurs and a concentration, and purification device (19, 29, 30) in which the gas mixture is concentrated and purified to increase the concentration of the first gas. The treatment chamber (10) comprises an outlet member (19) provided in an upper part of the treatment chamber (10) and means (14, 15) being arranged to move the gas mixture upwardly and out through the outlet member (19). Said means may comprise an inlet member (14) provided in a lower part of the treatment chamber (10) and arranged to supply additional gas and to admit a laminar inward flow of said additional gas.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a bundle of hollow carbon membranes comprising the steps of: (a) providing a bundle of hollow cellulose fibers; (b) removing substantially all the absorbed water from the said fibers; (c) heating the fibers to a range of temperatures where it pyrolyzes; (d) supplying to the said fibers, during at least part of the heating thereof and after the water has been removed, a catalytically effective amount of a gaseous catalyst selected from among Lewis acids, and ionic salts that are at least partially volatile at the pyrolysis temperature range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regulating the atmosphere in a substantially closed sports/exercise space (1) or an animal shelter (11), especially in terms of partial oxygen pressure. In the method, the normal atmosphere of said space (1; 11) is admixed with nitrogen for the creation of a desired low-oxygen (oxygen content <appr. 21%) atmosphere, said low-oxygen atmosphere corresponding to partial oxygen pressure in the air at a certain altitude above sea level. Alternatively, said normal atmosphere is admixed with oxygen for the creation of a desired high-oxygen (oxygen content>appr. 21%) atmosphere. Said mixing of nitrogen or oxygen with air is carried out at normal air pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for filling an empty flexible container such as an airbag with gas essentially instantaneously when the system or vehicle utilizing such system is subjected to sufficient deceleration forces, such as experienced during a collision. The gas-filled container functions as a force absorbing cushion which protects occupants in the vehicle against injuries. The system includes pressure vessels filled with gas under high pressure, one or more conduits connecting the pressure vessels with the flexible container, provisions for opening the connection between the pressure vessels and the flexible container upon sensing retardation or deceleration forces that exceed some threshold value, a container holding or mixing device, and a retardation meter. The pressure vessels are each sealed by a closure device and each has a respective connection conduit which joins the pressure vessels to the flexible container. One pressure vessel contains oxygen and an inert gas.

Abstract: A mixture of noble gases having desirable insulative properties for use as a window fill gas is derived from an air separation process without substantial further separation or concentration of the noble gases in the mixtures. The mixture of noble gases is processed to form the fill gas using relatively economical catalytic oxidation processes and drying techniques to provide a suitable fill gas. The processed noble gas or fill gas may contain from about 89 to 95% krypton, 5 to 8% xenon and 0.5 to 2% contaminants including oxygen, nitrogen, hydrocarbons and other constituents typically found in air separation processing.

Abstract: A method for heat-treating steel, primarily strip-like or rod-like steel material, such as steel strip, steel sheet, steel rod or steel wire which have been rolled and heated in an oven or furnace to a surface temperature above about 900 degrees C. and thereafter cooled and optionally treated in an electrolyte bath and/or acid bath. The oven burners are fired with a liquid or a gaseous fuel which is burned with the aid of a gas that contains at least 85 percent by volume oxygen and at most 10 percent by volume nitrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing a fine inhomogeneous aerosol, comprising a liquid container (1) and a liquid-conducting pipe (2) whose outlet orifice (6) at one end is located in a first disc (5) and whose other end extends towards the container bottom, wherein the pipe-outlet orifice (6) is located in the first disc (5) in the proximity of and is directed at least generally at right angles to a second disc (4). The device includes a gas conduit (3) which terminates in the pipe (2) in the proximity of its outlet orifice (6) in the first disc (5). The conduit (3) leads to the pipe (2) and draws liquid through the pipe by suction and, in the proximity of the pipe orifice generates a first aerosol which is directed towards the second disc (4) and forms thereon a film which spreads radially across the second disc (4) and is therewith thinned out, this film shattering at the border edges of the second disc (4) into droplets which form in the gas a second inhomogeneous aerosol.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing carbon membranes having controlled pore sizes comprises the steps of: a) causing a stream of a pyrolysable carbon-containing gas to come into contact with a carbon membrane having a pore size and/or distribution larger than the desired pore size and/or distribution; b) raising the ambient temperature of the said membrane to or above the temperatures at which the adsorbed carbon-containing gas pyrolyzes; and c) substantially purging the atmosphere surrounding the membrane from carbon-containing gas.

Abstract: A process and a device for reheating gobs of glass by means of a reheating drum are characterized by the fact that the heat-insulating lining of the reheating drum has a low heat-penetration factor, and an energy-rich combustion-gas mixture is used. In this way, the inner surface of the lining is heated to a temperature of at least roughly 1500.degree. C. The short-wave radiant heat on the surface of the lining shortens the heating cycle and thus allows discontinuous operation with corresponding energy savings.

Abstract: A coupling device for releasable and sealing connection to a tubular, externally threaded connector part. The device includes internally threaded segments which can swing radially to enable the coupling device to be connected to and released from the connector part. An axially movable sleeve is mounted concentrically around the segments and can be moved over the segments between a forward position in which the sleeve brings the threaded segments into meshing engagement with the threads of the connector part, and a rear position in which the segments are able to swing out so as to release the engagement. The segments and the sleeve also include mutually coacting means which, when in engagement with one another, limit the possibility of relative rotational movement in one direction between the segments and the sleeve.

Abstract: An arrangement for adding an odorant to a consumer gas which is distributed to a consumer site, in order to indicate to people in the vicinity of the risk of fire, explosion, poisoning, suffocation or some other danger, should consumer gas leak into the surrounding atmosphere. The odorant is dissolved in a condensed vehicle gas in a pressure vessel (3), to obtain a solution, master gas, which includes a liquid phase (6) and a gas phase (7). The consumer gas is diluted with an adapted quantity of the liquid phase of the master gas, which is vaporized prior to being mixed with the consumer gas. To this end, the arrangement includes means (18) for correcting the relationship between the two gas flows during the dilution process with respect to the increase in the concentration of odorant in the liquid phase (6) of the master gas that results from the decreasing relationship between the quantity of liquid gas and gas phase (7) in the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A method of producing chemimechanical pulp, comprises the steps of grinding wood in a grinding mill housed in a grinding chamber, maintaining the chamber at an overpressure, spraying water onto the wood, and supplying oxygen and/or hydrogen peroxide via the spray water to the grinding chamber.

Abstract: A method of selective clogging of failed hollow fibers of a membrane module, including a pack or bundle of fibers in a shell-side and bore-side arrangement which includes failed fibers and non-failed fibers, comprises the steps of: clogging bores of all of the fiber at one end of the pack or bundle of the fibers; substantially evacuating the membrane module both at the shell-side and at the bore-side; filling the bore-side and the shell-side with a non-permeant gas; subsequently-holding the membrane module vertically, disconnecting the bore-side of the membrane module from a supply of the non-permeant gas and dipping another end of the membrane module opposite to the clogged end into a reservoir containing a liquid sealant; applying a reduced pressure to the shell-side for a period of time sufficient to permit suction of sealant into the bores of the failed fibers through a failure of which vacuum is applied to the bore-side; allowing the sealant to solidify at least partially to clog the bores of both the fa

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for filling a flexible container with gas essentially instantaneously upon the occurrence of powerful retardation forces, wherein the gas-filled container functions as a force-absorbing cushion for protection against injury. The arrangement includes a gas-filled high-pressure vessel, a conduit which connects the pressure vessel to the container, a mechanical opening device for opening the connection between the vessel and the container upon the occurrence of a retardation force which exceeds a smallest value, and a retardation meter. The arrangement is characterized in that the vessel is filled with a gas which exhibits a reversed Joule-Thomson effect.

Abstract: A method for recovering non-ferrous metal from a dross that includes the non-ferrous metal includes introducing the dross into a rotary furnace or rotatable converter. The furnace or converter has a refractory lining. Oxygen and a fossil fuel are supplied to an oxy-fuel burner. The oxygen is supplied as a combustion gas including at least eighty percent oxygen. The oxygen and fossil fuel are combusted to generate an initial combustion energy. The dross is heated to a temperature above a melting point of the non-ferrous metal by supplying the initial combustion energy to the furnace or converter. The heating takes place in the absence of a protective salt layer. The non-ferrous metal and a non-metallic residue are recovered from the furnace or converter.