Abstract: The sensitivity/fog ratio can be improved by using photographic silver halide emulsions containing gelatine which has a cysteine content of less than 10 ppm and a gold number of .gtoreq.23 .mu.mol/g.

Abstract: Package for pancakes, consisting of plate-like plastic pallets (1) which protect the outer pancakes and, if necessary, raised rubs (3) in the center of the pallets, the diameter of which corresponds to the inside diameter of the bores of the winding cores and wherein the package can be sealed by means of a shrink film (4) coated thereon. The inner surfaces (2) of the plastic pallets (1) taper off in a sloping manner towards the outside at least in the region of the tape reel (5) of the pancakes, so that the inner surfaces (2) rest against the pancake in a uniform manner over the entire region of the tape reel (5) (FIG. 1).

Abstract: To produce outdoor advertising installations which are equipped to be illuminated and have different areas appearing, respectively, dark and light by daylight, with the brightness of the different areas being reversed by night under the influence of artificial light acting from the back, areas which appear bright by daylight on the outermost plate (information plate) are back printed with a bright covering and behind that with a dark covering and areas which appear dark by daylight are back printed dark with a regular pattern of lines or points.

Abstract: A spool for strip-form recording substrates, in particular for photographic films, with a slit arranged in the spool core and means arranged therein for fixing the strip end inserted into the slit, and with transitional surfaces which are rounded in the approximate shape of a cylinder surface on the inlet side between the axially running upper and lower slit surfaces and the external surfaces of the spool core, which are arranged in kink-free manner between the adjacent surfaces of the spool core and each form an arc portion of more than 90.degree. in cross section, the radius thereof being at least one third of the radius of the spool core.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of a magnetic recording material including a non-magnetic layer support and, cast thereon, a magnetic dispersion including a mixture of at least two different batches of finely divided magnetic pigments finely dispersed in a polymeric binder is characterized in that the magnetic pigment batches are separately finely dispersed in a polymeric binder and/or a dispersion aid and/or a solvent until the necessary degree of dispersion is reached, after which they are combined, optionally provided with further additives and applied to the layer support, the degree of dispersion of the magnetic dispersions preferably being continuously determined by a colorimetric arrangement.

Abstract: A photographic recording material which comprises at least one gelatin-containing silver halide emulsion layer and at least one protective layer containing a gelatin derivative, the protective layer being further away from the layer support than each silver halide emulsion layer and 30 to 90% of the amino groups of the gelatin in the gelatin derivative being reacted with a monofunctional acid derivative, and which is hardened with an instant hardener can be produced at high speed and, hence, at high drying temperatures without any reticulation grain occurring during processing.

Abstract: Webs coated with several layers, of which the lowermost or uppermost layer contains an instant hardener, may be produced in a single operation by curtain coating using a V-coater when the hardening layer is guided at the negatively inclined sliding surface of the V-coater while the other layers are guided at the opposite sliding surface of the V-coater and the hardening layer is combined with the remaining layers at coating edge to form a layer packet which is applied as a free-falling curtain to the web to be coated.

Abstract: Photographic recording materials of which the binder layers consist of protein-like binders which have been hardened in the usual way show reduced susceptibility to the effect of formaldehyde when--in addition to the usual hardeners--low molecular weight monofunctional compounds which are capable of reacting with free primary amino groups of the binder under casting and/or storage conditions without causing additional hardening are allowed to act on the binder.

Abstract: In a coated or uncoated film, variations in thickness as well as all possible casting errors may be dependably determined and evaluated, in that two light sources transmit modulated IR light wherein the modulation frequencies are different, wherein one light source transilluminates the film, while the other light source is arranged on the other side of the coating carrier, illuminates the latter obliquely and both the transilluminating and the reflected light bundles are conducted to a photo-receiver. The current signal arising in the photo-receiver is transformed into a current signal, amplified and feeds two electronic filters circuited in parallel, which free the signals from their modulation frequency, after which both signals are separately rectified. Subsequently the signal originating from the transmitted light portion is delogarithmized and forms a statement concerning the thickness of coating, while the light originating from the reflected portion evaluates surface errors.

Abstract: A clamping connection unit for joining two hollow cylindrical pipes together is described. The unit consists of two abutting identically constructed coupling halves (1,2), an elastic O-ring (16) placed between them and a clamping connection (15) pressing the two coupling halves together. The clamping connection is in the form of a pipe clamp and is chamfered off on the internal surfaces of the clamping jaws to form V-shaped surfaces which slide down on similarly chamfered surfaces of annular ridges at the pipe ends to connect the two coupling halves together without leaving a gap.

Abstract: Water soluble sulphates of a heteroaromatic bis- or poly-sulphone are suitable for use as hardeners for proteinaceous binders, in particular in photographic layers.

Abstract: A packing for a plurality of recording tapes wound on flangeless core hubs having central bores (so called pancakes) are described. The packing comprises plastic pallets in the form of discs which protect the outer reels of tape and a fixing device which extends upwards in the axial center, the diameter of which fixing device corresponds to the clear internal diameter of the bores of the core hubs and of the plastic disc. The fixing device is a centering sleeve (1,13, 22) which can be inserted through the outer walls (2, 30 and through the central bores of the core hubs (9) and has a closure clement which co-operates with another closure element so that the two parts cna be locked and tightened together, and the centering sleeve optionally has additional elements (7, 8) which prevent rotation of the centering sleeve against the outer walls of the plastic discs during opening or closing of the packing (FIG. 1).

Abstract: Propane or butane sultones are prepared by the thermal decomposition of the corresponding aryl sulfoalkyl ethers wherein the alkyl part has three or four carbons between the sulfo group and the ether oxygen. When a tertiary amine is present, the final product is the corresponding sulfoalkyl quaternary salt of the tertiary amine.

Abstract: The upper and lower cassette parts of a magnetic tape cassette are connected to each other by means of non-releasable fixtures, wherein a synthetic material bolt is introduced into at least one of the holes provided for screw connections according to the prior art. The bolt is provided with longitudinal ribs (8) or with an inner bore (9) or possesses a thread-like or saw tooth-like track (11) in the manner of a dowel (FIGS. 3a-3c).

Abstract: In a process for the manufacture of film cartridges which have a substantially cyclindrical wall, a film opening extending along a generating line of the cylinder and caps at the ends, one plate per cartridge is separated from a flat strip of material to form the cartridge wall, which strip of material contains the plates for several cartridges and has a width corresponding to the circumference of a cartridge wall, and the said strip of material is fitted continuously with a sealing material along at least one of the edges for the film opening before the plates are separated, the said sealing material being delivered to the strip of material in the form of endless band of sealing strips which are bonded to the strip of material as they pass through a glueing station.

Abstract: Water-soluble substantially non-hardening aldehydes or water-soluble substantially non-hardening aldehyde precursor compounds are suitable as fog-reducing compounds for the photographic dye diffusion transfer process in which an imagewise-exposed color photographic recording material containing light-sensitive silver salt and a non-diffusing dye-releasing compound in at least one binder layer arranged on a layer support, is developed, preferably under the effect of heat, to produce a diffusible dye image and in which the diffusible dye image is transferred to an image receptor layer.

Abstract: Photographic color images with improved sensitometric properties and in particular with high maximum magenta density can be obtained by use of a color photographic recording material containing a pyrazoloazole type magenta coupler of formula I ##STR1## in which PAZ represents the group of a color coupler of the pyrazoloazole series capable of color coupling;L represents a bond containing at least 4 carbon atoms;B represents alkyl, aryl or a heterocyclic group;R.sup.1 represents H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy;R.sup.2 represents H, alkyl, cycloalkyl;L and B together containing at least 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Water-soluble adducts of tertiary amines with heteroaromatic bis- or polyvinyl sulfone compounds are suitable for hardening layers containing proteins as binder.

Abstract: A color photographic recording material for the dye diffusion transfer process contains color producing compounds in the form of a dispersion of particles of an ionically modified polyaddition or polycondensation product containing from 4 to 180 milliequivalents of ionic groups per 100 g, which particles are charged or loaded with the color producing compound. When development is carried out by heat treatment, color transfers with high maximum densities and low minimum densities are obtained.

Abstract: Process for the production of color images by the color photographic dye diffusion process in which development is brought about by heat and water. The combination of antifoggants added to the light-sensitive material, in particular the combination of compounds of formulae I and II, produces a marked improvement in storage stability and constancy of sensitivity with good D.sub.min /D.sub.max ratios. ##STR1## R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, alkyl with up to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxy, halogen, alkoxy or substituents which together form a condensed benzene ring, and in formula II below: ##STR2## R.sup.2 denotes a group which can be split off in the process of development of the material andR.sup.3 denotes hydrogen, halogen, alkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carbonamido or sulphonamido.