Abstract: A method for applying an end plate to a container body includes applying a heated end blank made of deformable material to one end of the container body and creating a pressure difference between the two sides of the end blank to seal the edges of the end blank to the edges of the container body. The apparatus for applying an end plate to a container body includes a jacket having a chamber into which the container body can be fitted. A vacuum source is provided at one end of the jacket and a lid or clamping device is located at the opposite end of the jacket. The chamber into which the container body is fitted is not as deep as the container body so that when the container body is fitted into the chamber, the upper edges of the container body extend above the surface of the jacket. In that, the end blank can be applied to the container body and thereafter, the clamping device is used to clamp the end blank between the upper edge of the jacket and the clamping device.

Abstract: Opening arrangements for packing containers of the type which comprise a tearing or pulling device applied to the outside of the packing container are known. By means of the pulling device a part of the wall material of the packing container can be removed so that a pouring opening is generated. To prevent the packing laminate from delaminating on opening, so that only the outer layer accompanies the pulling device, it is proposed in accordance with the invention to design the opening part so that a penetrating part is first thrust downwards through the laminate, whereupon the opening part with the pentrating part and the underlying, breached part of the packing laminate is lifted upwards so that a pouring opening is generated.

Abstract: Unwinding arrangements for material webs which are consumed continuously by such as packing machines which machines are provided frequently with an arrangement which brakes the roll so that it does not continue to rotate when the unwinding ceases. To make possible well adapted braking, the unwinding arrangement in accordance with the invention, is provided with a maneuvering arm adapted to be acted upon by the material, which, in the event of changes in the web tension, presses with a varying force a rotatable braking appliance against a brake drum combined with the material roll.

Abstract: Conveyor assemblies, which by way of an endless chain, move foodstuff packages between different processing machines are customary in e.g. the dairy industry. Up to now the conveyor assembly generally was "tailor-made" for each dairy, which entails unnecessary cost and other difficulties. In accordance with the present invention a conveyor assembly of a modular design is proposed which makes it easily adaptable to differnt needs and localities. More particularly, an intermediate guideway for an endless chain is made use of as a spacer element between supporting sides of the assembly, thus providing a simple and stable construction. Similarly shaped fastening devices, moreover, serve as joint pieces between different guideway sections, thus facilitating fitting-up and reducing cost.