Abstract: A solid anhydrous crystalline compound of the formula H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 [(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH].sub.2 O. The invention also provides a method of preparing phosphoric acid by evaporating diisopropyl ether off said anhydrous crystalline compound under reduced pressure.

Abstract: Tetraalkyltin compounds substantially free from tin, tin alkyl and di alkyl contaminants are prepared by reacting an alkyl halide of 1 - 4 carbon atoms with tin in the presence of an 'onium salt e.g. a quaternary ammonium halide and at least 0.5 g atom of zinc per g atom of tin, and collecting a vapor phase effluent comprising the tetraalkyltin. The tetraalkyltin can be disproportionated with stannic chloride to give alkyltin chlorides, intermediates for making stabilizers for polymers and biocides.

Abstract: Phosphorus is recovered from phosphorus mud by introducing a skip of phosphorus mud into a furnace, closing the furnace and contacting the skip inside the furnace with a pool of molten lead. Phosphorus vapour is distilled from the mud and recovered.

Abstract: In a process for preparing phosphoric acid by contact of sulphuric acid and phosphate rock with filtration of the gypsum slurry and recycle of the rest for contact with fresh rock, a fraction of the recycle slurry is treated with sulphuric acid to convert at least some of the gypsum to calcium sulphate hemihydrate and the slurry comprising hemihydrate is returned to contact the mixture of phosphate rock, phosphoric acid and recycle gypsum slurry. The process gives an easily filtered gypsum slurry with low phosphate losses in the gypsum filter cake.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing triaryl phosphate mixtures which comprises:1. reacting a phosphorylation agent with a recycle composition of phenols, optionally in the presence of an additional composition of phenols, the total molar proportion to atoms of phosphorus in the phosphorylating agent being less than 3:1;2. reacting the product of stage (1) with a feedstock composition of phenols as hereinafter defined, the proportion of feedstock composition added at (2) being such that the total molar proportion of phenols fed into the process to phosphorus atoms is at least 3:1;3. recovering unreacted phenols from the stage (2) product to form the aforesaid cycle composition of phenols; and4. recycling said recycle composition to stage (1).

Abstract: In trivalent chromium electroplating baths of the type which comprise an aqueous solution of a complex of trivalent chromium with a carboxylic acid such as a glycolic acid and a halide such as a chloride, the invention provides an improvement by adding ammonia to the baths in a proportion of at least 0.05 moles per liter, thereby obtaining substantially improved covering power.

Abstract: Trivalent chromium electroplating baths which have developed characteristic faults due to accumulation of trace metal contaminants are treated with just sufficient of a water soluble ferrocyanide to restore the bath to normal working order.

Abstract: Novel organotin compounds exhibit the general formula ##STR1## where R and R.sub.1 are individually selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 and C.sub.12 alkyl groups, cycloalkyl radicals and phenyl radicals; X is a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R' is a hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, or phenyl group;R" is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, phenyl, hydroxyphenyl, or methoxyphenyl group or the radical CH.sub.2 COOR.sub.5, where R.sub.5 is an alkyl radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R"' is R.sub.6 or is (CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sub.6 where R.sub.6 is an alkyl radical of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or a phenyl radical, m is an integer from 3 to 7 and n is an integer from 1 to 4;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the same group as R;R.sub.4 is selected from the same group as R';Y is selected from the same group of groups as X or exhibits a formula selected from the group consisting of S(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sub.7, OOCCH=CHCOOR.sub.7 and OOCCH=CHCOSCH.sub.2 COOR.sub.

Abstract: It is known to mix cement, mortar and the like in the presence of an air entraining agent. According to the invention a water soluble sulphosuccinamate is employed as the air entraining agent. A particularly preferred air entraining composition is provided comprising a water soluble sulphosuccinamate, a water soluble sulphosuccinate and a water soluble alkyl benzene sulphonate.

Abstract: Compositions of at least 50% by weight of a resin having repeat units of formula ##STR1## WHEREIN Ar.sup.x is a divalent or trivalent aromatic hydrocarbyl group, optionally substituted, Ar is a phenol residue, and n is 0 or 1 and up to 50% (based on the total weight of resins) of a phenol/aldehyde novolac or resole resin can be cured to form thermoset resins useful in mouldings, laminates, cements and coatings.

Abstract: A method for mixing liquids and solids to form a mixture, and preferably nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizers in which the liquid is introduced tangentially into a mixer to establish a continuous vortex and the solids in the form of a stream are deflected from the central portion of the vortex to form a mixture of the solids with the liquid. The means for deflecting the solids into the vortex may be mechanical or a corona discharge electrode.

Abstract: Production of phosphoric acid by the wet process and by-product calcium sulphate hemihydrate. Sulphuric acid reacts with phosphate rock in such conditions that gypsum is precipitated, the resulting slurry is transferred to a second vessel in which the conditions are such that the gypsum recrystallises to calcium sulphate hemihydrate. Calcium sulphate hemihydrate so produced may be converted to cement and sulphuric acid by a process analogous to the anhydrite process for production of sulphuric acid. The phosphoric acid produced may be desulphated in a process integrated with the phosphoric production.

Abstract: Organotin compounds with low tin content suitable as stabilizers for halogen containing resins e.g. polyvinyl chloride are of formula ##EQU1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1-20 alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl groups, Q.sub.1 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of ##EQU2## Q.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing between 1 and 6 carbon atoms or the group --CH.sub.2 Z.sub.3.Z.sub.1, z.sub.2, and Z.sub.3 are individually selected from the group of groups consisting of ##EQU3## and ##EQU4## R.sub.3 is an alkyl group containing between 1 and 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylphenyl group.R.sub.4 is an alkyl grup containing between 1 and 20 carbon atoms, a substituted phenylakly or unsubstituted phenylalkyl group wherein the alkyl portion of the radical contains between 1 and 6 carbon atoms.R.sub.

Abstract: Halogenated vinyl resins such as poly(vinyl chloride) (P.V.C.) are stabilized against degradation by the addition of stabilizers comprising specified monoorganotin sulfur-containing compounds, for example the reaction product of a mono-organotin tris mercapto carboxylic acid ester and a di-organotin sulfide in combination with an alkyl, aryl or mixed alkyl-aryl ester of phosphorous acid. Preferably the stabilizers also include a hindered phenol.

Abstract: Organotin compounds of formula ##EQU1## where a is 0 or 1, x, x', y and y' are 1-6, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are C.sub.1-12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or aralkyl hydrocarbyl, R.sub.4 and R.sub.9 are as defined for R.sub.1 or are C.sub.13-21 alkyl, C.sub.2-21 alkenyl or substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.8 and R.sub.10 are as defined for R.sub.4 or are hydrogen or a pair of R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 or R.sub.8 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined forms a cycloalkyl ring and X is O or S, are stabilizers for halogen containing resins, especially PVC.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising (a) a resin containing free hydroxyl groups which is obtained by the reaction of a compound of formula R'(CH.sub. 2 X).sub.a, wherein R' is a divalent or trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon or a di(aromatic hydrocarbon) ether, X is an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or is chlorine, bromine or iodine and a is 2 or 3, with a phenolic compound, (b) a cycloaliphatic epoxy compound containing at least two 1,2 - epoxide groups per molecule and (c) an amino compound selected from the group consisting of imidazoles, N-substituted imidazoles, triethylene diamine, and benzimidazoles.

Abstract: Pigments containing a magnesium phosphate as a component of an active pigment to be used in an anti-corrosive paint have been found to be especially useful when the pigment is present in a pigment volume concentration of from 20 to 30%. It has also been discovered that the proportion of magnesium phosphate in the pigment may be relatively low levels while the composition maintains a satisfactory degree of corrosion inhibition.

Abstract: It is known to attempt to plate chromium from a solution containing trivalent chromium salts and organic complexants. The invention provides an aqueous chromium electroplating system containing trivalent chromium, together with both a formate or acetate and a bromide. Optionally the solution also contains ammonium, borate, chloride, sulphate and alkali metal ions and a wetting agent. The invention has the advantage of providing a solution with commercially acceptable covering and throwing power whose effluent can easily be purified to acceptable standards.

Abstract: A solid anhydrous 1:1 molar compound of phosphoric acid and diisopropyl ether is prepared from a mixture of the ether and phosphoric acid in a molar ratio (R:1) of 0.6:1 to 1.4:1 at a temperature at least as low as the crystallization temperature (T.degree.C) governed by the relationship T = 25(1.2-R). Treatment of the compound with water or a base produces purified acid or a phosphate respectively.