Abstract: The present invention relates to ceramic foam filters having a gasket material chemically and mechanically bonded thereto. The filters have particular utility in the filtration of molten metal, especially aluminum. The filters are formed by immersing the porous filter body, preferably in a fired condition, in a gasketing medium consisting of a concentration of ceramic fibers, one or more binders, and the balance a vehicle such as water and applying a vacuum through the porous filter to draw the gasketing medium into contact with the portions of the filter body to be gasketed.

Abstract: A sealing tool for heat-sealing a pull-off lid (1) with a tearing-open tab (13) onto a container (4) comprises an upper sealing jaw (5) and a lower sealing jaw (6). The upper sealing jaw (5) is equipped, in the region of the tearing-open tab (13), with recesses (11) which start from the edge (10) of the pressure surface (9) making the sealing seam and which extend over the smaller part of the width of the pressure surface (9).

Abstract: The two-chamber dispenser comprises a rigid or semi-rigid one piece can body with a shoulder forming a flanged opening and a flexible pouch which is inserted inside and is made of a material for providing a diffusion barrier. The dispenser is for liquid, pasty or creamy contents. The pouch is made of a laminate and features a neck in the region of the flange. The flange is suitable for clinching on a valve or pump plate after filling.

Abstract: The sheet metal which has recrystallized as fine grains and has superplastic characteristics consists of a work-hardenable, age-hardenable AlMgZn alloy. After continuous casting, the alloy containing 3-5.5% of magnesium, 2-8% of zinc, 0.4% of copper, 0-1% of manganese, 0-0.5% of iron, 0-0.4% of chromium, 0-0.4% of molybdenum, 0-0.4% of zirconium, 0-0.3% of silicon and 0-0.05% of titanium, the remainder being aluminium of commercial purity, is homogenized and rolled off hot. After an optional intermediate annealing, the strip is rolled off cold to the final thickness using a high degree of cold rolling, recrystallized, using rapid heating to effect softening, and cooled.

Abstract: A corner connector connects two sections to one another, which sections are at right angles to one another and have C-shaped attaching portions. The sections have two section legs and two webs projecting inwards two at a time from the section legs. The corner connector consists of two angle plates, two wedge rails, four screws and associated parallelogram nuts. The plates each have two grooves, which accommodate the webs in a form-fitting manner, and wedge surfaces on the opposite sides. The nuts grip behind the webs. The plates are spread by the wedge rails clamped against the nuts by the screws. High bending and tensile strength of the joint is achieved by this design.

Abstract: The method and the apparatus serve to cool cast billets made of an aluminum alloy after a homogenizing anneal.The billets emerging from a full-annealing furnace continuously one after the other in the longitudinal direction at a first temperature are guided in-line through a spray unit at a program-controlled feed rate and while being sprayed on all sides with the cooling medium in a program-controlled manner to reach an adjustable surface temperature. The internal and surface temperature of the billets are equalized a short time after leaving the spray unit.The spray unit for the billets (16) passing through in-line is equipped over its entire length and over the entire periphery of its inner space with nozzles which can be adjusted as a whole, in groups or individually.

Abstract: The attachment device comprises a C-shaped profile fitting and a clamping strap, inserted therein, with an inset screw. The mutually facing strips of the fitting are thickened on the inside towards the slot. The strap grips behind this thickening. Thus the limbs of the fitting are prevented from spreading apart. In order to secure the strap against displacement along the profile, it has transverse webs which penetrate with an edge into the thickenings when a nut is tightened on the screw and thus produce a positive connection between the strap and the profile even in the longitudinal direction of the profile. The attachment is suitable, above all, for the underfloor attachment of appliances to rail vehicles.

Abstract: A method is used for regulating and stabilizing an AlF.sub.3 content (c), which is at least about 10% by weight, in the bath of an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum from alumina dissolved in a cryolite melt.The individual state of an aluminum electrolysis cell, in particular of the cathodic carbon sump thereof, is analyzed for a period (t.sub.1) from a series of measured values, comprising a plurality of parameters. By means of a model calculation, the optimum time delay (ZV) between the addition of AlF.sub.3 and its effect in the electrolyte is determined. The additions (z) of AlF.sub.3 are calculated for a preset defined AlF.sub.3 content (c) allowing for the time delay (ZV), and AlF.sub.3 is added in portions or continuously.

Abstract: The process for purifying a metal melt operates with an active gas introduced into the lower region thereof and consisting of an inert carrier gas and an active, gaseous halogen which are introduced under control into a vessel with the stagnant or flowing metal melt.The active, gaseous halogen is generated at a controlled rate in at least one gas evolution cell and introduced into the carrier gas. The active gas mixture is passed directly into the metal melt. The gas feed line of the halogen does not have any control element.The gas evolution cell for generating the halogen is preferably an exchangeable electrolysis cell, gas being produced only when the electrolysis current is switched on, which follows a nominal curve proportionally to the current intensity.

Abstract: The process for manufacturing an open pore foam body with three dimensional ceramic network, in particular as a filter for the treatment of hot gases or as a catalyst substrate, has as its starting material a block of open pore plastic foam. This is impregnated at least once with a ceramic suspension, freed of excess ceramic suspension and heated to a temperature below the melting point of the plastic, then finally burnt off at a temperature at which the ceramic sinters together. The plastic foam block of the prescribed outer dimensions is cooled down and machined to produce a Z-flow filter with high precision longitudinal channels.

Abstract: The process for manufacturing an open pore foam body with three dimensional ceramic network, in particular as a filter for the treatment of hot gases or as a catalyst substrate, has as its starting material a block of open pore plastic foam. This is impregnated at least once with a ceramic suspension, freed of excess ceramic suspension and heated to a temperature below the melting point of the plastic, then finally burnt off at a temperature at which the ceramic sinters together. At least one plastic foam layer is impregnated, assembled into a plastic foam block with flow channels between two layers and sintered to form a Z-flow filter.

Abstract: The composite conductor rail comprises an aluminum base-section (12) and at least one steel strip (12) as power transfer surface for the power collector. The aluminum base-section is connected in a mechanically stable manner and with good electrical contact to at least one small extruded composite section made of a steel strip and an aluminum retaining section which is ductile, exhibits high electrical conductivity and holds the steel strip in place.

Abstract: Ceramic bodies suitable for use in the filtration of molten metal are formed by immersing a porous organic substrate material in an aqueous thixotropic slurry containing yttria, zirconia and alumina; expelling excess slurry; drying the impregnated material; and heating to an elevated temperature to burn off the organic material and sinter the ceramic materials. The resulting zirconia-alumina ceramic bodies have from about 5-80% of the zirconia in a monoclinic phase and the remainder of the zirconia essentially in a stabilized cubic phase due to the yttria. The ceramic bodies thus produced have excellent strength, density, and thermal shock resistance properties.

Abstract: The protective device prevents overheating, in particular by fire, of individual or batteries of pressure vessels of length equal to at least 1,5 m, employed for storage and/or transportation of gases under high pressure. The essentially cylindrical pressure vessels have at least one closure cap with a valve or a closure plug. Mounted on one closure cap is a pressure pipe which communicates with the interior of the pressure vessel, and is fitted with a controllable venting valve that under normal conditions closes off the pressure pipe or a common pressure pipe and has a venting pipe which terminates outwith the region of the pressrue vessel/vessels. Temperature sensitive actuating means are provdied in the axial direciton of the pressure vessel/vessels a spacing apart and connected to the venting valve. These means can individually actuate the venting valve should overheating occur.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic foam material, preferably a ceramic foam filter, prepared by providing an open cell flexible foam having a plurality of interconnected voids surrounded by a web of the flexible foam, applying an adhesion promoting material to at least one surface of the flexible foam, impregnating the flexible foam after applying the adhesion promoting material with a ceramic slurry, drying and heating the impregnated material to remove the organic component therefrom, and firing at an elevated temperature to form the filter. In a preferred embodiment, a flocked coating is formed on at least on surface of the flexible foam prior to impregnation. The flocked coating may be formed either by first applying a solution containing an adhesive to the surface(s) and thereafter applying fibers to the surface or by applying a solution containing the adhesive and the fibers.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method of the inline degassing of the molten metal employing a fluxing gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic body suitable for use in molten metal filtration applications having a built-in preheat indicator and method for forming such a ceramic body. The preheat indicator comprises a dye having a burnoff temperature substantially equal to the desired preheat temperature applied to a surface of the ceramic body. In a preferred embodiment, the dye comprises an aniline dye such as Backmeier's crystal violet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to wax impregnated filters for use in investment casting applications and a method for forming them. The filters are characterized by a wax impregnated ceramic substrate, wax layers bonded to two opposed surfaces of the substrate, and peripheral edges having exposed ceramic surfaces which can be adhered to the ceramic liner of an investment casting apparatus. The method comprises providing a sheet of ceramic foam filter material, impregnating the sheet with sufficient liquid wax to form a wax layer of desired thickness bonded to each of two opposed surfaces of the sheet, allowing the wax to solidify, and precision cutting the impregnated sheet into filters having a desired set of dimensions. The method further comprises exposing the peripheral edges of each filter to allow the ceramic shell building or liner in the investment casting apparatus to bond directly to the filter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved molten metal filtration system. The system comprises at least one filtration assembly positioned within a filter chamber intermediate a molten metal inlet and a molten metal outlet and a dam wall positioned intermediate each filtration assembly and each molten metal outlet. Each dam wall prevents the initial molten metal used to prime the filter(s) in each filtration assembly from proceeding directly to the outlet. Instead, the dam wall collects the initial molten metal and forms it into a pool of heated molten metal. This pool has been found to reduce the amount of heat loss during the filtration process. A process for using the filtration system of the present invention is also described.