Abstract: A multi-wall sack (3) containing a product is disclosed together with a method of forming and sealing such a sack. The sack (3) includes an inner pouch that is filled with product and sealed. The sack (3) also includes an outer bag that encloses the sealed inner pouch and which has a block bottom end (5a) and a block top end (5b).

Abstract: A closure (1) for a container is disclosed. The closure has a cap (11) which includes a top wall (13), a side wall (15), and a closure member (25) that can be moved into a closed position in which the closure member engages a reaction surface of the container. In this closed position the closure member resists release of the cap from the container and generates a downwardly-acting force which results in a seal being formed between the cap and a rim (71) of the container. The closure member is connected to the side wall so that it can move in an overcenter action between an open position in which the closure member does not engage the reaction surface and the closed position in which the closure member engages the reaction surface.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for preferential heating of a material are based on exposing the material to high intensity, pulsed, non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. The method can destroy microorganisms, sterilize packaging, or sterilize moist food. An embodiment uses microwave radiation with pulse duration of less than 0.1 second with an average power of at least 1 kW to sterilize open-ended metal can prior to packaging.