Abstract: Microbiologically effective silver hydrosol is used to reduce the local level of microorganisms at the site of a dental procedure and to prevent or inhibit their growth during the healing that follows the procedure. Any gingival lesions created by a dental procedure are treated with silver hydrosol in an aqueous gel. Following the procedure the patient's mouth is periodically rinsed several times a day with a solution of silver hydrosol or, more preferably, with a combination of silver hydrosol and hydrogen peroxide. These steps result in a significant reduction in post operative pain and swelling. Overall healing is accelerated by this treatment.

Abstract: Multimode and single mode microwave energy is used to improve the extraction of metals from chalcogenide minerals. In one process microwave energy is used to comminute the mineral after which the mineral is reacted with acid in the presence of microwave energy. Following treatment the mineral is removed and the extracted metal is recovered from the acid. In another process chalcogenide minerals are exposed to the magnetic field maximum or the electrical field maximum of a single mode electromagnetic energy. This treatment causes a phase separation between metals and silicates within the mineral leaving metal rich regions from which the metal can be readily recovered by traditional methods.