Abstract: A system and method for performing ophthalmic surgery using an ultra-short pulsed laser is provided. The system includes a laser engine configured to provide an ultra-short pulsed laser beam, optics configured to direct the laser beam to an undocked eye of a patient, an eye tracker configured to measure five degrees of freedom of movement of the undocked eye, an optical coherence tomography module configured to measure depth of the undocked eye, and a controller configured to control laser beam position on the undocked eye toward a desired laser pattern based on depth and the five degrees of freedom of movement of the undocked eye. Adaptive optics are also provided. Also disclosed are a scleral ring including fiducial markings and a compliant contact lens and fluid tillable contact lens configured to facilitate ultra-short pulsed laser surgery while reducing or eliminating eye docking requirements.

Abstract: Embodiments generally relate to ophthalmic laser procedures and, more particularly, to systems and methods for lenticular laser incisions to form a top lenticular incision, a bottom lenticular incision of a lens in the subject's eye, an added shape between the top and bottom incisions where the added shape has no corrective power and a transition ring bisecting both the top and bottom lenticular incisions.

Abstract: As shown in the drawings for purposes of illustration, a method and system for making physical modifications to intraocular targets is disclosed. In varying embodiments, the method and system disclosed herein provide many advantages over the current standard of care. Specifically, linear absorption facilitated photodecomposition and linear absorption facilitated plasma generation to modify intraocular tissues and synthetic intraocular lenses.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods that facilitate optical analysis, particularly for the diagnosis and treatment of refractive errors of the eye. An optical diagnostic method for an eye includes obtaining a sequence of aberration measurements of the eye, identifying an outlier aberration measurement of the sequence of aberration measurements, and excluding the outlier aberration measurement from the sequence of aberration measurements to produce a qualified sequence of aberration measurements. The sequence of aberrations measurements can be obtained by using a wavefront sensor. An optical correction for the eye can be formulated in response to the qualified sequence of aberration measurements.

Abstract: A laser system is calibrated with a tomography system capable of measuring locations of structure within an optically transmissive material such as a tissue of an eye. Alternatively or in combination, the tomography system can be used to track the location of the eye and adjust the treatment in response to one or more of the location or an orientation of the eye. In many embodiments, in situ calibration and tracking of an optically transmissive tissue structure such as an eye can be provided. The optically transmissive material may comprise one or more optically transmissive structures of the eye, or a non-ocular optically transmissive material such as a calibration gel in a container or an optically transmissive material of a machined part.

Abstract: An ophthalmic laser procedure for forming a lenticule in a cornea and extracting the lenticule from the cornea to accomplish vision correction. An ophthalmic laser system is used to form top and bottom lenticule incisions defining a lenticule in between, and further to form top and/or bottom entry cuts that respectively end unambiguously near the top or bottom lenticule surface. The bottom entry cut intersects both the top and bottom lenticule incisions but ends near the bottom lenticule incision. The entry cuts allow the surgeon to insert a surgical tool which reaches the intended top or bottom lenticule surface without ambiguity. The lenticule has an optical zone in the center that defines the optical power of the lenticule, and a transition zone in the periphery, where the end points of the entry cuts are located in the transition zone.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention generally relate to systems and methods for optical treatment and more particularly to non-invasive refractive treatment method based on sub wavelength particle implantation. In an embodiment, a method for optical treatment identifies an optical aberration of an eye, determines a dopant delivery device configuration in response to the optical aberration of the eye, wherein the determined dopant delivery device is configured to impose a desired correction to the eye to mitigate the identified optical aberration of the eye by applying a doping pattern to the eye so as to locally change a refractive index of the eye.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention generally relate to ophthalmic laser procedures and, more particularly, to systems and methods for creating synchronized three-dimensional laser incisions. In an embodiment, an ophthalmic surgical laser system comprises a laser delivery system for delivering a pulsed laser beam to a target in a subject's eye, an XY-scan device to deflect the pulsed laser beam, a Z-scan device to modify a depth of a focus of the pulsed laser beam, and a controller configured to synchronize an oscillation of the XY-scan device and an oscillation of the Z-device to form an angled three-dimensional laser tissue dissection.

Abstract: A system includes: a swept laser light source generating laser light having a frequency swept across a frequency bandwidth as a function of time; a sample path directing a first portion of the laser light to an eye as a probe beam and receiving a returned portion of the probe beam from the eye; a reference path passing therethrough a second portion of the laser light, the reference path having a defined optical path length; and a detector receiving the returned portion of the probe beam from the eye and the second portion of the laser light from the reference path, and in response thereto outputting an optical coherence tomography (OCT) output signal having OCT peaks whose relative timing represents the depths of surfaces of structures of the eye, wherein the sample path includes a fiducial generator which produces a fiducial peak in the OCT output signal.

Abstract: A laser eye surgery system includes a laser to generate a laser beam. A topography measurement system measures corneal topography. A processor is coupled to the laser and the topography measurement system, the processor embodying instructions to measure a first corneal topography of the eye. A first curvature of the cornea is determined. A target curvature of the cornea that treats the eye is determined. A first set of incisions and a set of partial incisions in the cornea smaller than the first set of incisions are determined. The set of partial incisions is incised on the cornea by the laser beam. A second corneal topography is measured. A second curvature of the cornea is determined. The second curvature is determined to differ from the target curvature and a second set of incisions are determined. The second set of incisions is incised on the cornea.

Abstract: A laser system calibration method and system are provided. In some methods, a calibration plate may be used to calibrate a video camera of the laser system. The video camera pixel locations may be mapped to the physical space. A xy-scan device of the laser system may be calibrated by defining control parameters for actuating components of the xy-scan device to scan a beam to a series of locations. Optionally, the beam may be scanned to a series of locations on a fluorescent plate. The video camera may be used to capture reflected light from the fluorescent plate. The xy-scan device may then be calibrated by mapping the xy-scan device control parameters to physical locations. A desired z-depth focus may be determined by defining control parameters for focusing a beam to different depths. The video camera or a confocal detector may be used to detect the scanned depths.

Abstract: A laser scanner is disclosed. The laser scanner comprises a laser source, a first optical element, and a focusing element. The first optical element is adapted to move along the optical axis of light from the laser source. The focusing element receives laser light from the first optical element and is adapted to move orthogonally to the optical axis. Optionally, the focusing element may include multiple focusing lenses. A first focusing lens may be adapted to move along a first axis which is orthogonal to the optical axis. A second focusing lens may be adapted to move along a second axis which is orthogonal to the optical axis and to the first axis. The laser scanner may also include a second optical element which receives light from the focusing element and is adapted to effectively increase the focal length of the focusing element without increasing its f number.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fragmenting a lens by a laser cataract surgery system includes a sub-nanosecond laser source generating a treatment beam that includes a plurality of laser beam pulses. An optical delivery system is coupled to the sub-nanosecond laser source to receive and direct the treatment beam. A processor is coupled to the sub-nanosecond laser source and the optical delivery system. The processor includes a tangible non-volatile computer readable medium comprising instructions to determine a lens cut pattern for lens fragmentation and determine a plurality of energies of the treatment beam as a linear function of a depth of the lens cut pattern. The treatment beam is output according to the lens cut pattern and the determined energies.

Abstract: A method for measuring the intraocular pressure (IOP) of an eye docked to an ophthalmic surgical laser system via a patient interface assembly. While the eye is docked to the laser system, and as the vertical force exerted on the eye by the patient interface fluctuates as the patient breaths and moves, the amount of corneal deformation is continuously measured by an optical coherence tomography device of the laser system and the force exerted on the eye is continuously measured by force sensors integrated in the patient interface assembly. Based on the real-time force signal and real-time corneal deformation signal, a controller calculates a linear relationship between force and corneal deformation, and determines the IOP of the docked eye by comparing a slope of the linear relationship against a pre-established slope vs. IOP calibration curve. The IOP of the docked eye can be used when setting laser treatment parameters.

Abstract: An instrument includes: one or more scanning mirrors to receive an OCT sample beam and to scan the sample beam in two orthogonal directions; and an optical system to receive the sample beam and provide the sample beam to an eye. The optical system includes: a first lens having a first focal length, disposed along an optical path from the scanning mirror(s) to the eye at a distance from the cornea which is approximately equal to the first focal length, and a second lens disposed along the optical path between the first lens and the scanning mirror(s). The second lens receives the sample beam from the scanning mirror(s) and provides the sample beam to the first lens as a converging beam such that, as the sample beam is scanned, the sample beam passes through a pivot point located along an optical axis between the eye and the first lens.

Abstract: In an ophthalmic laser surgical system, a real-time optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement method acquires OCT data during laser treatment. The treatment laser beam and OCT sample beam are generated simultaneously, and the optical delivery system scans them simultaneously in the eye tissue, where the focus of the treatment laser beam and the focus of the OCT beam coincide with each other in space. While both beams simultaneously scanned in the eye tissue, the OCT device detects returned OCT light from the sample during a data acquisition period, and generates an OCT A-scan based on the detected OCT light. Based on the A-scan, a controller determines a structure of the eye in a depth direction relative to the focus of the OCT beam, and controls the operations ophthalmic laser surgical system accordingly. One exemplary application is the formation of an arcuate corneal incision in cataract surgery.

Abstract: Apparatus to treat an eye with an ophthalmic laser system comprises a patient interface having an annular retention structure to couple to an anterior surface of the eye. The retention structure is coupled to a suction line to couple the retention structure to the eye with suction. Liquid is added above the eye to act as a transmissive medium. A coupling sensor is coupled to the suction line to determine coupling of the retention structure to the eye. A separate pressure monitoring circuit having a much smaller volume than the suction line is connected to the annular retention structure to measure suction pressure therein. A system processor coupled to the monitoring pressure sensor includes instructions to interrupt firing of a laser when the pressure measured with a monitoring pressure sensor rises above a threshold amount.

Abstract: A laser surgical method for performing a corneal incision while maintaining iris exposure below a predetermined exposure limit includes: determining an initial iris exposure based on an initial treatment scan, determining whether the initial iris exposure is less than the predetermined exposure limit; generating a revised treatment scan comprising one or more treatment scan modifying elements when the initial iris exposure is greater than the predetermined exposure limit, and scanning the focal zone of a pulsed laser beam according to the revised treatment scan, thereby performing the corneal incision, wherein the one or more treatment scan modifying elements causes the iris exposure to be smaller than the predetermined exposure limit.

Abstract: A system for determining a vision treatment for an eye of a patient is provided which includes a memory and a processor, in communication with the memory, configured to receive a first treatment target corresponding to a first target shape of a surface of the eye, obtain a periphery modification function (PMF), determine a second treatment target corresponding to a second target shape of the surface of the eye by multiplying, for each of a plurality of points on the surface of the eye, the PMF by the first treatment target, and scale the second treatment target using a scaling factor such that values of the second treatment target are scaled to be greater at a mid-periphery of the eye and scaled to be lower at a far-periphery of the eye. A treatment parameter of a treatment applied to the surface of the eye is controlled by the scaled second treatment target.

Abstract: An ophthalmic laser surgical system uses a confocal detector assembly to continuously detect a confocal signal during laser treatment, and based on the confocal signal, detects in real time a loss of tissue contact with the patient interface (PI) output surface. The detection is partly based on the change of reflectivity at the PI output surface when the optical interface changes from a lens-tissue interface to a lens-air interface. The behavior of the confocal signal upon loss of tissue contact is dependent on the treatment laser scan pattern being performed at the time of tissue contact loss. Thus, different confocal signal analysis algorithms are applied to detect tissue contact loss during different scans, such as the bed cut and side cut for a corneal flap. The real time confocal signal may also be used during eye docking to detect the establishment of tissue contact with the PI output surface.