Abstract: Forming a conductive film comprising depositing a non-conductive film on a surface of a substrate, wherein the film contains a plurality of copper nanoparticles and exposing at least a portion of the film to light to make the exposed portion conductive. Exposing of the film to light photosinters or fuses the copper nanoparticles.

Abstract: A solution of metal ink is mixed and then printed or dispensed onto the substrate using the dispenser. The film then is dried to eliminate water or solvents. In some cases, a thermal curing step can be introduced subsequent to dispensing the film and prior to the photo-curing step. The substrate and deposited film can be cured using an oven or by placing the substrate on the surface of a heater, such as a hot plate. Following the drying and/or thermal curing step, a laser beam or focused light from the light source is directed onto the surface of the film in a process known as direct writing. The light serves to photo-cure the film such that it has low resistivity.

Abstract: The copper particulate dispersion includes copper particulates, at least one kind of a dispersion vehicle containing the copper particulates, and at least one kind of dispersant which allows the copper particulates to disperse in the dispersion vehicle. The copper particulates have a center particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 100 nm. The dispersion vehicle is a polar dispersion vehicle. The dispersant is a compound having at least one acidic functional group, which has a molecular weight of 200 or more and 100,000 or less, or a salt thereof. Whereby, the dispersant has compatibility with dispersion vehicle and a surface of copper particulates is coated with dispersant molecules, and thus the copper particulates are dispersed in the dispersion vehicle.

Abstract: An object is to provide a copper particulate dispersion which is suited to discharge in the form of droplets. The copper particulate dispersion includes copper particulates, at least one kind of a dispersion vehicle containing the copper particulates, and at least one kind of dispersant which allows the copper particulates to disperse in the dispersion vehicle. The copper particulates have a center particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 100 nm. The dispersion vehicle is a polar dispersion vehicle having a boiling point within a range from 150° C. to 250° C. Whereby, when the copper particulate dispersion is discharged in the form of droplets, clogging at the discharge portion caused by drying of the dispersion vehicle is prevented and the viscosity is low for its high boiling point, and thus the copper particulate dispersion is suited to discharge in the form of droplets.

Abstract: A neutron generator includes carbon nanotubes that function as the anode and provide deuterium storage. The ionization source includes a layer of carbon nanotubes that provides a pulse of deuterium ions through field-induced desorption and ionization of deuterium atoms on the surface or retained in the bore of the nanotubes. A high-yield (>1010 n/s) neutron generation is achieved by employing a field desorption ion source and applying an electric field of 10-40 V/nm. Such high fields may be achieved with carbon nanotubes having high aspect ratios with field enhancement factors on the order of 1000. By operating the ion source in a background pressure of deuterium or hydrogen, the gas adsorption on the nanotubes may be regenerated after each pulse.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for background cancellation for electronic noses to make automated aroma analysis practical in complex field environments. The system and methods compensate for background contaminants while automatically emphasizing all constituents, be they chemically identified or not, which represent information content in the sample being tested.

Abstract: Different kinds of printing pastes or inks are utilized in various combinations to develop multiple ceramic dielectric layers on graphitic substrates in order to create effective dielectric ceramic layers that combine good adhesion to both graphitic substrates and printed copper traces, and strong insulating capability. The pastes or inks may comprise a high thermal conductivity powder.

Abstract: Silicon dioxide particles can reinforce the mechanical properties of an epoxy matrix. Combining carbon nanotubes with the icon dioxide particles to co-reinforce the epoxy matrix achieves increases in compression strength, flexural strength, compression modulus, and flexural modulus. Such composites have increased mechanical properties over that of neat epoxy.

Abstract: A dielectric layer is directly applied onto the surface of a heat sink part. For example, the composition for making the dielectric layer may be made into a paste or ink and then printed as a paste or ink, or applied with some other equivalent method, such as a lamination technique. The electrical circuit traces are then printed in a similar fashion onto the dielectric layer in the required pattern for whatever circuitry is to be applied. That circuitry (e.g., circuit elements) is then attached to the electrical traces as needed for the particular application.

Abstract: An object is to provide the formulation of a copper particulate dispersion in which copper particulates are dispersed. The copper particulate dispersion includes copper particulates, at least one kind of a dispersion vehicle containing the copper particulates, and at least one kind of dispersant which allows the copper particulates to disperse in the dispersion vehicle. The copper particulates have a center particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 100 nm. The dispersion vehicle is a polar dispersion vehicle. The dispersant is a compound having at least one acidic functional group, which has a molecular weight of 200 or more and 100,000 or less, or a salt thereof. Whereby, the dispersant has compatibility with dispersion vehicle and a surface of copper particulates is coated with dispersant molecules, and thus the copper particulates are dispersed in the dispersion vehicle.

Abstract: Reflective color inks are used, such as for signage applications and as an electronic display medium and material. The reflective color inks comprise a core-shell particle that includes a core particle coated with a molecular surface coating. One example of such a particle is using a core of a polystyrene type of material that has a relatively low refractive index, with a high reflective index acrylic copolymer added as the shell material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermal management hybrid article includes electroplating a copper layer on a graphitic layer, adhering the copper-plated graphitic layer to a plate of aluminum with a nano-copper paste to form a substrate, heating the substrate in a forming gas at a temperature less than 500° C. to melt to recrystallize the nano-copper paste, and cooling the substrate after the heating. A method of manufacturing a thermal management hybrid article includes electroplating a copper layer on a graphitic layer, electroplating copper on a plate of aluminum, and soldering the copper-plated layer on the graphitic layer to the copper-plated plate of aluminum. A method of manufacturing a thermal management hybrid article also includes electroplating a copper layer on a graphitic layer and immersing the copper-plated graphitic layer in molten aluminum to cast the an aluminum layer on the copper layer.

Abstract: An object is to provide a copper particulate dispersion which is suited to discharge in the form of droplets. The copper particulate dispersion includes copper particulates, at least one kind of a dispersion vehicle containing the copper particulates, and at least one kind of dispersant which allows the copper particulates to disperse in the dispersion vehicle. The copper particulates have a center particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 100 nm. The dispersion vehicle is a polar dispersion vehicle having a boiling point within a range from 150° C. to 250° C. Whereby, when the copper particulate dispersion is discharged in the form of droplets, clogging at the discharge portion caused by drying of the dispersion vehicle is prevented and the viscosity is low for its high boiling point, and thus the copper particulate dispersion is suited to discharge in the form of droplets.

Abstract: An object is to provide a conductive film forming method which can form a conductive film having low electric resistance on a base material by utilizing photo sintering even when the base material has low heat resistance. A conductive film forming method is a method in which a conductive film is formed on a base material, and the method includes the steps of forming a film composed of copper particulates on a base material, subjecting the film to photo sintering, and applying plating to the photo-sintered film. Whereby, it is possible to form a conductive film on a base material by lowering irradiation energy of light in photo sintering even when the base material has low heat resistance. Since the conductive film includes a plated layer, electric resistance decreases.

Abstract: A buffer layer is used to coat on the multi-filament wrapped string to fill the gaps. The polymers of the buffer-layer coating have a high melt-flow (low viscosity) during coating process to fill all the gaps between the filaments, and the filaments are fixed by the coatings onto base core materials. An outer protective coating is applied, which may comprise a composite nylon, clay nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, an impact modifier, or any combination of the foregoing.

Abstract: A nylon 11 composite has significantly improved flexural modulus while keeping or even increasing the impact strength. This composite system may comprise a nylon 11/filler/modifier. The “ball” portion of badminton shuttlecocks made by this type of composite more closely emulate the flight capabilities of natural feather shuttlecocks than neat nylon 11.

Abstract: A layer of material having a low thermal conductivity is coated over a substrate. A film of conductive ink is then coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity, and then sintered. The film of conductive ink does not absorb as much energy from the sintering as the film of conductive ink coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity. The layer of material having the low thermal conductivity maybe a polymer, such as polyimide.

Abstract: Conductive lines are deposited on a substrate to produce traces for conducting electricity between electronic components. A patterned metal layer is formed on the substrate, and then a layer of material having a low thermal conductivity is coated over the patterned metal layer and the substrate. Vias are formed through the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity thereby exposing portions of the patterned metal layer. A film of conductive ink is then coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity and into the vias to thereby coat the portions of the patterned metal layer, and then sintered. The film of conductive ink coated over the portion of the patterned metal layer does not absorb as much energy from the sintering as the film of conductive ink coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity. The layer of material having the low thermal conductivity may be a polymer, such as polyimide.

Abstract: A gas sensor for sensing chemical gases utilizes a metal oxynitride as the sensing material, which changes its conductivity when exposed to the analyte gas. The change in conductivity is measured for the sensor output. The metal may be either tungsten or molybdenum.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and systems of modulating step function phenomena by varying nanoparticle size—particularly wherein a plurality of such nanoparticles are employed, and wherein said nanoparticles comprise a size distribution favorable for collectively smoothing the step function. Such methods and systems are particularly favorable for hydrogen sensors.