Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating aqueous fluids for the purpose of increasing the heat absorption characteristics thereof. The method also relates to treating aqueous fluid in applications where it is desired to use a certain amount of heat input to achieve a higher temperature for the fluid or where it is desired to achieve a certain temperature for the fluid using a lesser amount of heat input or to accelerate fluid heating. The treatment comprises directly injecting into the fluid electromagnetic radiation, most preferably electromagnetic radiation having a frequency between 1 KHz and 1000 MHz. In the most preferred embodiment, electromagnetic radiation is injected through a conductor directly in contact with the fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of electroplating in which the electroplating bath is treated by the direct injection of electromagnetic radiation. Most preferably, the electromagnetic radiation is within the radio frequency range and is injected through a metal conductor directly in contact with the bath. Such treatment increases the speed of electroplating as well as the quality of the plated product. The invention is applicable to the plating of zinc, chrome, nickel, precious metals and the like.

Abstract: Beverage brewing and/or warming systems benefit from water treatment and, in some cases, the elimination or reduction of the amount of AC heat heretofore provided for such devices. Water treatment is provided in the present invention by using magnetic treatment or electromagnetic treatment by direct injection in the fluid stream or a combination of such water treatment systems. Treatment preferably occurs prior to mixing of the heated brewing fluid and the beverage powder, but improved brewing also results from treatment at the discharge side of the brewing container, e.g. the discharge of a filter holder. Improved taste and a reduction in the amount of coffee used to obtain a desired taste level results from such treatment, and the holding qualities are also improved. The bitter taste resulting from extend holding periods can be minimized or eliminated. Magnetic treatment may employ a multi-magnet concept to create sharp field boundaries, or other magnetic water treatment devices.

Abstract: A method and system for utilizing electromagnetic energy to inhibit, prevent, reverse, or alter the formation of rust or scale on various liquid contacting surfaces is disclosed. An electromagnetic signal at a frequency related to the energy absorption/emission characteristics of the liquid being treated are directed into the liquid. The frequency of the treatment signal, preferably between 0.1 KHz and 1000 MHz, may be changed if the absorption/emission profile of the liquid changes during treatment.