Abstract: Porous pipe formed of particles of vulcanized rubber dispersed in a binder resin such as polyethylene are stabilized to reduce degradation by ultraviolet light by dispersing in the binder resin an effective amount of an ultraviolet stabilizer such as 0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon black.

Abstract: A fitting for connecting together porous and non-porous irrigation tubing, threaded garden hose, and pipe with conventional pipe thread. Some openings in the fitting have both exterior male threads to engage the hose and interior compression rings to engage the tubing. Another opening in the fitting is provided with pipe threads to allow connection to ordinary threaded risers used in underground distribution systems.

Abstract: An irrigation system that combines porous and non-porous tubing in a unified system by means of pressure reducing flow control fittings that connect the lower pressure porous tubing to the higher pressure non-porous distribution tubing. Small holes in discs mounted inside the fittings lower the flow and pressure to the porous tube.

Abstract: A tee shaped fitting for connecting together porous and non-porous irrigation tubing and also threaded garden hose as desired in which the three openings each have exterior male threads to engage the hose and interior compression rings to engage the tubing. The fitting is closable at one or more openings with caps so that the one fitting can be used as an elbow, coupling, tee, or end cap thus avoiding the stocking or purchase of many different kinds of fittings.

Abstract: An irrigation system that uses porous and non-porous pipe in combination, the porous pipe having a porosity such that the flow of water therethrough is balanced to the flow of water through point source emitters connected to both the porous and non-porous pipes so that simultaneous point source and line source watering is possible.

Abstract: A pressure compensating flow rate control device includes a one-piece molded plastic body having an external surface with a recessed inlet port for receiving a fluid and a recessed outlet port for discharging a fluid. First and second passages are defined internally of the body and extend between the inlet and outlet ports to provide first and second internal fluid flow paths through the body from the inlet port to the outlet port. A flow regulating mechanism is disposed in a first chamber in the first passage for regulating fluid flow through the first flow path to provide a preset constant rate of fluid flow from the body at the outlet port and thereby define a controlled mode of operation of the device.