Abstract: A method and a device for inductive measurement of physical parameters of an object of metallic material by generating a time-varying magnetic field from a primary coil in a measurement range. The magnetic field induces eddy currents in the object which influence the time-varying magnetic field. The field is detected by a measuring coil from which a signal is obtained which carries information about the desired parameters. A field-measuring coil is introduced outside the measurement range, but surrounded by an electric circuit generated at the measurement range. The field-measuring coil senses a current induced in the electric circuit by the time-varying magnetic field. The interfering magnetic field generated by the current, and which influences the time-varying magnetic field, adds an error to the measurement of the measuring coil.

Abstract: A semiconductor component, which comprises a pn junction, where both the p-conducting and the n-conducting layers of the pn junction constitute doped silicon carbide layers and where the edge of at least one of the conducting layers of the pn junction, exhibits a stepwise or uniformly decreasing total charge or effective surface charge density from the initial value at the defined working junction to a zero or almost zero total charge at the outermost edge of the junction following a radial direction from the central part of the junction towards the outermost edge.

Abstract: A device for control of a capacitor device for a shunt-connected static compensator unit (COM1, COM2, COM3) for compensation of reactive power in an electric power network (NW). The capacitor device comprises a capacitor and a semiconductor valve, connected in series with said capacitor, with a first semiconductor, corresponding to respectively a first and a second conduction direction for current through the capacitor. The device comprises members (VN, FSD, CU) which, in dependence on a voltage (Uab, Ubc, Uca) sensed at the compensator, alternately generate a firing order for the respective semiconductor. In addition thereto, the device comprises members which, for each of the first and second conduction directions, form a deblocking signal, indicating that the conduction direction associated with the respective firing order does not carry current, and which thus generate a firing order for the second of the first and second conduction directions with an optional delay (T1*f*360.degree.

Abstract: A semiconductor component comprises a pn junction in which both the p-conducting and the n-conducting layers of the pn junction are doped silicon carbide layers and the edge of at least one of the conducting layers of the pn junction exhibits a stepwise or uniformly decreasing total charge or effective surface charge density from the initial value at the defined working junction to a zero or almost zero total charge at the outermost edge of the junction following a radial direction from the central part of the junction towards its outermost edge.

Abstract: A fuel assembly for a boiling water reactor where the fuel assembly during operation is arranged vertically in the core of the reactor. The fuel assembly comprises a plurality of vertical fuel rods (22) arranged in one or more fuel bundles, wherein at least the majority of the fuel rods comprise a stack of fuel pellets (7) surrounded by a cladding tube (8b) and a plenum tube (23) which is connected to the upper part of the cladding tube (8b), the plenum tube having a cross-section area which is smaller than the cross-section area of the cladding tube.

Abstract: A controllable inductor including a tubular core, a main winding (1) surrounding the core, a control winding running substantially axially to the core and an element (3) surrounding the core and arranged to support the main winding wound outside thereof in radial layers. The element includes means arranged to provide channels (19) partly defined by the radially inner turn of the main winding. Said channels are communicating with spacings between said layers (2). A member is arranged to generate a flow of air in the channels and through the spacings of the layers for cooling the main winding.

Abstract: A furnace plant which at least one furnace vessel with side walls and a bottom and at least one heat source which by radiation and convection heats molten metal and/or solid metal present in the furnace vessel. At least one two- or multiphase electromagnetic side stirrer is arranged in or near the wall of the furnace vessel to act through the wall and apply a stirrer field to the molten metal. The side stirrer comprises at least two phase windings arranged around an iron core having a vertical extent, H, which essentially covers the region, D.sub.max, between the bottom and the upper surface of the molten metal at a maximum bath depth used in the furnace 15 vessel. The side stirrer is arranged with a pole pitch.tau. which exceeds twice the distance from the iron core to the molten metal, .tau.>2 dw.

Abstract: An industrial robot comprises a plurality of robot arms which are movable in relation to each other and support a tool holder. The tool holder comprises an output shaft journal, to which a turning disc is attached. To electrically insulate a tool applied to the tool holder and the robot, an insulating layer is arranged between the turning disc and the shaft journal.

Abstract: A controllable inductor including at least one tubular core (10), a main winding (5) surrounding the core and a control winding (11) running substantially axially through said core and returning substantially axially outside thereof between said core and said main winding. The control winding is divided into a plurality of separate part control windings (12). The cross section of the part control windings is formed in a way that at least some adjacent part control windings inside the core are separated by means of a spacing (20, 26), which is at least partly defined by substantially parallel surfaces (16, 17) of these part control windings.

Abstract: A wrist unit for an industrial robot comprises a wrist housing detachably mounted to a distal end of a robot arm, the wrist housing containing rotatably mounted first and second, parallel, secondary drive shafts on the input ends of which are mounted cylindrical driven gears for engagement with the respective cylindrical drive gears located on primary drive shafts on the robot arm. The driven gears and the drive gears are so disposed that an imaginary line extending through the centers of the gears are offset from the center axis of the coaxial drive gears, the wrist housing being radially adjustable on the end of the robot arm for adjusting the gear clearance between the drive gears and the driven gears.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus for a drive unit in a high voltage converter circuit, the circuit has a plurality of power semiconductors connected in series. Each power semiconductor is connected to a drive unit for turning the power semiconductor on and off. The power supply apparatus consists of a capacitor and a regulator connected in parallel with the power semiconductor. The capacitor is connected to the drive unit and stores sufficient energy for power supply of the drive unit. The regulator regulates the voltage across the capacitor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for eliminating overmodulation in a power plant is provided. The power plant has a direct voltage network connected to at least one alternating voltage network through a station. The station is adapted to transmit power between the direct voltage network and the alternating voltage network and includes at least one converter. The converter is adapted to convert direct voltage into alternating voltage and convert alternating voltage into direct voltage. The method comprises the steps of calculating a reference alternating voltage and measuring a direct voltage between two poles of a direct voltage side of the station. The reference voltage is divided by half of the direct voltage and this quotient is compared with a predetermined value. When the quotient exceeds the predetermined value, a first signal is sent to a means for controlling the converter.

Abstract: Contactor equipment with an operating magnet with an operating coil (CW) as well as an armature, which moves in dependence on the current through the operating coil. The contactor has control means (TR, CC, R1. R2, R3) which control the voltage supplied to the operating coil. During the closing operation of the contactor, for utilization of the current-reducing effect of the change of inductance taking place because of the movement of the armature during a closing operation, a voltage is supplied to the operating coil which is substantially constant during the closing operation and independent of the current of the operating coil. After a completed closing operation, the current is controlled through the operating coil in accordance with a reference value.

Abstract: A surge arrester comprising a stack of a plurality of cylindrical varistor blocks (10), preferably made of metal oxide, which are arranged one after the other in the axial direction of the varistor blocks between an upper end electrode (11) and a lower end electrode (12) and surrounded by an elongated, electrically insulating external casing (19) of rubber or other polymeric material. The end electrodes (11, 12) are interconnected by means of at least three clamping members (15) of insulating material to achieve the required contact pressure between the different elements (10-14) in the stack. Between the lower end electrode (12) and the first block (10) in the stack of varistors, there is arranged a pivot means comprising a centrally placed pivot member (17), projecting from the lower end electrode (12), said pivot member (17) making contact with a pressure plate (14), resting against the lowermost block (10) in the stack of varistors, to achieve articulation in all transverse directions.

Abstract: A plant for transmitting electric power between at least two alternating voltage networks which are each connected through a station to a direct voltage network for high voltage direct current. The stations transmit power between the direct voltage network and the respective alternating voltage networks. At least one VSC converter is in each station to convert direct voltage to alternating voltage and the converse. A cable with an insulating layer of polymer base surrounding a conductor forms the direct voltage network connecting the stations.

Abstract: In an apparatus for control of controller equipment for damping power oscillations in a power line, the controller equipment is serially connected between a first connection point and a second connection point in the power line in an electric network for alternating current. The controller equipment is adapted to serially generate in the power line, dependent on a control order, a damping voltage for damping power oscillations in the power line. Controlling equipment receives sensed quantities of the power network and forms a phase deviation dependent on these quantities. The phase deviation is the difference between a phase angle of a first voltage at the first connection point and a phase angle of a second voltage at the second connection point. The controlling equipment forms the control order dependent on the time rate of change of a function of the phase deviation.

Abstract: A method for calibration of an industrial robot is provided. A calibration device comprising devices for emitting a calibration beam within the working range of the robot, and an interruption detector which detects an interruption in the calibration beam are arranged. During the calibration process, a calibration tool supported by the robot hand and comprising a sphere with a known radius is moved towards the calibration beam. When an interruption in the calibration beam is detected, the output signals from the position transducers of the robot axes are read and stored. This process is repeated a plurality of times with different configurations of the robot. Thereafter, the calibration parameters of the robot are calculated based on the kinematic equations of the robot, the read and stored position transducer signals, and the known radius.

Abstract: An industrial robot comprises a stand mounted on a foot and being rotatable about a first, vertical axis, said stand supporting a first robot arm which is rotatable in relation to the stand about a second, horizontal axis. The stand comprises an underbody with two projecting parts which support an intermediate part which is rotatable in relation to the stand. The intermediate part comprises two parallel supporting elements, at the upper ends of which the first robot arm is journalled. The lower ends of the supporting elements are rotatably attachable to the underbody. The robot may thus be tilted forwards or backwards and be fixed in these positions during the robot operation, so as to obtain different types of operating ranges.

Abstract: A method of measurement for fault distance determination on two or more parallel HVDC lines connected between two stations with a line fault locator is provided. The fault distance determination is performed by determining the difference in time, via synchronous clocks at each station, between travelling waves, which arise when a fault occurs, reach the two stations. The difference in time is determined by measuring the current associated with the travelling waves and detecting the current at the two stations and on each of the parallel connected lines.

Abstract: A plant for transmitting electric power comprises a direct voltage network for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) and at least one alternating voltage network connected thereto through a first station. The station transmits electric power between the direct voltage network and the alternating voltage network and comprises at least one VSC converter. The VSC converter converts direct voltage into alternating voltage and, conversely, alternating voltage to direct voltage. The alternating voltage network is a weak alternating voltage network, or a network without any generation of its own, and a large part of a load connected to the alternating voltage network consists of one or more electric motors.