Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing transmission system, the system comprising: a plurality of channels at different wavelengths, each channel comprising a transmitter, a receiver, and one or more amplifiers, the system further comprising an encoder for encoding data with a coding, and; a decoder for decoding transmitted data; prioritizing means for prioritizing the data on each channel; monitoring means for monitoring directly or indirectly, raw (uncorrected) bit errors on each channel; power adjusting means for, varying the power on a channel in response to the bit error rate.

Abstract: An optical transmission system comprises two optical fibbers carrying optical signal traffic between two terminals, and a plurality of optical repeaters coupled to the two fibers each repeater having a permanently connected passive high loss loop back circuit between the two fibers. One terminal includes a transmitter, which launches a pulsed supervisory signal on a dedicated supervisory wavelength into one optical fiber, and a receiver, which detects a portion of the supervisory signal looped back from each repeater in order to identify the existence and location of faults in the transmission system. The pulsed supervisory signal is of sufficiently short duration such that portions of the signal returned from each repeater do not overlap with one another and interference with the counter-propagating traffic is avoided by utilising a dedicated supervisory wavelength. Each return pulse is integrated sequentially by a single detector and processed by heterodyne reception and synchronous demodulation.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing transmission system, the system comprising: a plurality of channels at different wavelengths, each channel comprising a transmitter, a receiver, and one or more amplifiers, the system further comprising an encoder for encoding data with a coding, and; a decoder for decoding transmitted data; prioritizing means for prioritizing the data on each channel; monitoring means for monitoring directly or indirectly, raw (uncorrected) bit errors on each channel; power adjusting means for, varying the power on a channel in response to the bit error rate.

Abstract: In the present invention, a method of controlling a tuneable optical dispersion compensating device to act on an optical signal by automatically controlling a plurality of dispersion control settings of the device in a systematic way using feedback, thereby to adapt freely the optical group delay for the optical signal within a predetermined wavelength range including that of the optical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for filtering an optical signal by wavelength. An initially polarised signal is passed through a DGD element effective to alter the polarisation state of the components of the signal according to wavelength. A polarisation filter (polariser) is then provided to attenuate light having given polarisation states from the signal, thereby attenuating the wavelengths associated with said polarisation states. The invention finds particularly utility in the domain of vestigial sideband filtering, allowing the bandwidth of signals within a wavelength division multiplexed system to be reduced without introducing the deleterious effects associated with conventional wavelength filters.

Abstract: An optical data receiver comprises an optical input for receiving optical data signals, an optical sputter for splitting the optical signals into first and second receiver arms, an optical filter in the first receiver arm, means for increasing an intensity ratio of optical signal strength in the first receiver arm to optical signal strength in the second receiver arm, means for adjusting a phase difference between the first and second receiver arms, and an optical coupler for coupling outputs of the first and second receiver arms to a photodetector. The receiver of the present invention selectively filters a carrier component of received optical data signals, adjusts the relative strength of the carrier component and the received signal and then recombines them. In this way efficient optical transmission can be achieved with direct detection at the receiver, without the need for a complex receiver design including a local oscillator.

Abstract: The present invention provides both a method and an apparatus for optically encoding data. Light from a coherent source is split into two separate light signals, and each of these light signals is modulated with the data such that the data levels output correspond to the points of maximum optical power. One of the modulated light signals is phase biased to be in phase or in anti-phase with the other modulated light signal and the two light signals are then combined to form a combined optical output. The present invention enables the resulting combined optical output to be a data format with a high extinction ratio compared with conventional optical data formats. It can be used to produce a wide variety of optical data modulation formats.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical transmitter comprising a differential encoder having first and second outputs, the first and second outputs being of opposite polarity to one another, a first RZ converter connected to the first output of the differential encoder and a second RZ converter connected to the second output of the differential encoder, and a dual electrode Mach Zehnder modulator to which an unmodulated coherent light source is coupled, wherein the output of the first RZ converter is connected to a first electrode of the Mach Zehnder modulator and the output of the second RZ converter is connected to a second electrode of the Mach Zehnder modulator. The invention provides improved signal integrity as compared with existing RZ-DPSK solution through the use of high quality RZ drivers. Furthermore, the invention gives rise to controllable RZ pulse edge chirping, providing rapid pulse compression or broadening through a dispersive fibre length.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying optical communications systems is provided in which one or more amplifier modules, each containing an optical amplifier and at least two pump lasers, are optically isolated from a plurality of control modules. Each control module controls a single pump laser in one or more of the amplifier modules. A control module can thus be removed without disabling any amplifier module, while the plurality of pump lasers in each amplifier module allow for effective operation even if one of the pump lasers should fail. The pump lasers in each module are controlled by a master-slave relationship, whereby the master pump laser is adjusted to optimise overall output, while the slave laser(s) are adjusted to equalize the power output of the lasers.