Abstract: A high-temperature shielding coating for structural elements, in particular elements made of an austenitic material, characterized by the metallic mixed oxide system having a perovskite structure and the chemical formula:A.sub.1-x B.sub.x MO.sub.3wherein A is a metal from secondary group III, B a metal from primary group II and M a metal from secondary group VI, VII or VIII of the periodic table of chemical elements, and the stoichiometric factor x has a vlaue between 0 and 0.8.

Abstract: A method for the locally selective doping of a planar substrate, essentially made of silicon, for the production of semiconductors using a diffusion process, in which aluminum as the doping additive is applied by vaporizing in a vacuum at temperatures above 500.degree. C. to the substrate surface areas to be doped and permitted to diffuse into the substrate. A part of the substrate surface is masked in order to prevent the doping of the substrate beneath the mask, by forming a SiO.sub.2 layer on the substrate and abutting a masking plate against the SiO.sub.2 layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell with two flat glass plates aligned parallel to one another and at a distance from one another, a web of low-melting glass solder provided between the glass plates, a liquid crystal substance provided in the inner space formed by the glass plates and the glass solder web and with electrodes applied on the surfaces of the glass plates facing one another, the connections of which are brought out of the inner space via the glass solder web, wherein the glass solder web and/or the electrodes contain an at least partly reduced oxidizing agent which is formed by the reduction of an oxidizing agent during the glass soldering of the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, the distance-selective monitoring of faults at electrical lines by means of a quadrilateral trigger or trip region. There are formed at least two reference signals of at least approximately the same phase and from each of these reference signals and the line voltage there is formed a respective difference signal. Each difference signal experiences a separate comparison with a related threshold phase angle in order to determine whether the monitored fault lies within or without the trip region.

Abstract: A device for maintaining a vacuum in a compartment of a rotating member includes a collector which is mounted over an orifice of the rotating member. The collector has an end wall with an annular aperture extending axially of the rotating member. The aperture is selectively sealed by an annular valve member which permits communication of the compartment with a high-vacuum pump. The valve member may be of a magnetizable material and may be moved axially by a fixed control coil. Sealing members are provided for sealing the compartment of the rotating member with respect to a fixed member when the compartment is in communication with the vacuum pump.

Abstract: A device for transferring helium between rotating and non-rotating members includes first and second transfer reeds and a cylindrical sleeve. The cylindrical sleeve is provided between the first and second reeds and extends substantially throughout the region of axial overlap of the reeds. One of the reeds rotates with the rotating member while the other reed is fixed. Third and fourth coaxial transfer reeds may be provided for the transfer of gaseous helium. The third and fourth reeds concentrically surround the first and second reeds with one of the reeds rotating and the other reed being fixed. Cylindrical sleeve members are provided between adjacent reeds with the sleeve members all rotating with the rotating member. The sleeve members are connected to one another at opposite end of the intermediate sleeve member. Guide means may be provided to cancel a component of rotation of the gaseous helium. A bayonet fixing device releasably attaches the cylindrical sleeve to the rotating member.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, detecting fault currents, such as short-circuits in electrical loads, especially at direct-current supply networks, wherein there is produced a current signal corresponding to the load current and compared with a reference value and when a difference signal appearing as a result of such comparison exceeds a threshold value such is employed as a triggering criterion. The rise or slope of the current signal is detected and the reference value is obtained by storing the value of the current signal present upon detection of a predetermined rise.

Abstract: An electric switch, for use as a high-voltage circuit breaker, having a plurality of quenching chambers per switch pole, with each of the quenching chambers radially disposed in a common actuator shaft. The quenching chambers disposed in the common actuator shaft are then placed in a closed vessel having a toroidal shape.

Abstract: A high-voltage overhead transmission line with masts, insulator chains and conductor cables attached to high-strength guy lines and with ground wires is disclosed comprising a plurality of guyed masts with thrust footings forming support positions each with at least two support points in a plane normal to the conductor cables. Each guy line passes over at least two support points and is anchored to the ground at its ends. The guyed masts of each support position and the guy wires in the rigging field are tied together in an approximately horizontal plane by catenary-arranged insulators. The conductor cables are suspended from the network thus formed.

Abstract: A circuit breaker assembly is provided with a pair of contact elements defining therebetween an arc site across which an arc is struck upon separation of the contacts to break the circuit within which the breaker is connected. A compressed gas contained within a quenching chamber is caused to flow across the quenching site to quench the arc upon breaking of the contact. A pair of electrodes located within an auxilliary gas chamber operate to strike a second arc simultaneously with the circuit breaking operation in order to increase pressure in the auxiliary chamber thereby providing auxiliary power to enhance the circuit breaking operation and quenching of the main arc.