Abstract: The invention provides an optical super-resolution microscopic imaging system comprising a dichroic beamsplitter for annular parallel light to transmit through; a focusing lens used for converging the annular parallel light transmitted through the dichroic beamsplitter; a confocal pinhole for the annular parallel light after being converged to pass through to filter the annular parallel light; a varifocal lens system for collimating the annular parallel light passing through the confocal pinhole into excited annular parallel light; and a detector for receiving and processing fluorescence emitted by the excited sample, the fluorescence emitted by the excited sample being returned by the same way, and the dichroic beamsplitter separating the fluorescence emitted by the sample from an annular parallel light path and turning the fluorescence to the detector to obtain a super-resolution image of the sample.