Abstract: An axon regeneration promoter is disclosed that contains an inhibitor of RGM-like protein as an effective component. Inhibitors of RGM-like protein encompass inhibitors of RGM-like protein such as anti-RGM-like protein antibodies and Y27632, as well as antisense nucleic acids and double-stranded RNAs that can inhibit the transcription or translation of RGM-like protein. The axon regeneration promoter according to the present invention is effective for the regeneration of central nerve axons and thus contributes, for example, to the treatment of patients who have suffered damage to the central nervous system, for example, the spinal cord, due to, for example, a traffic accident or a cerebrovascular disorder.