Abstract: A laser system using ultrashort laser pulses is provided. In another aspect of the present invention, the system includes a laser, pulse shaper and detection device. A further aspect of the present invention employs a femtosecond laser and a spectrometer. Still another aspect of the present invention uses a laser beam pulse, a pulse shaper and a SHG crystal. In yet another aspect of the present invention, a multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan system and method characterize the spectral phase of femtosecond laser pulses. Fiber optic communication systems, photodynamic therapy and pulse characterization tests use the laser system with additional aspects of the present invention.
Type:
Application
Filed:
November 4, 2008
Publication date:
May 14, 2009
Applicant:
Board of Trustees Operating Michigan State Univers
Abstract: Novel enzymes and novel enzymatic pathways for the pyruvate-based synthesis of shikimate or at least one intermediate thereto or derivative thereof, nucleic acids encoding the enzymes, cells transformed therewith, and kits containing said enzymes, cells, or nucleic acid. A KDPGal aldolase is used to perform condensation of pyruvate with D-erythrose 4-phosphate to form 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP); a 3-dehydroquinate synthase is used to convert the DAHP to 3-dehydroquinate (DHQ); DHQ dehydratase can then convert DHQ to the key shikimate intermediate, 3-dehydroshikimate.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 24, 2004
Publication date:
April 19, 2007
Applicant:
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OPERATING MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERS
Abstract: A method using irradiation of surfaces 12A of substrates (12) with ultra violet light to remove a parting agent is described. The light can be pulsed or continuous. The treated surfaces are more paintable and bondable. The treated molds prevent the introduction of surface inhomogeneities caused by the parting agent.
Type:
Application
Filed:
January 15, 2001
Publication date:
September 19, 2002
Applicant:
Board of Trustees operating Michigan State Univers
Inventors:
Lawrence T. Drzal, Michael J. Rich, Laura M. Fisher
Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 4, 2001
Publication date:
February 28, 2002
Applicant:
Board of Trustees Operating Michigan State Univers