Abstract: Synthetic textile fibers are dyed in a waterless coloring composition composed of a high-boiling ester solvent and a dye that (a) is soluble to the extent of at least 1.5% in the solvent, (b) provides a depth of coloration, expressed as yield, of at least 25%, (c) imparts to the dyed fibers a lightfastness value of at least 3, and (d) provides the dyed fibers with a washfastness value of at least 3.

Abstract: A fasciated yarn is produced that is suitable for making apparel fabric from predominantly non-thermoplastic staple fibers, and which approaches ring spun yarn in properties and appearance but can be produced much more quickly and simply. The fasciated yarn comprises vacuum spun yarn consisting of fibers including core fibers and wrapper fibers, the wrapper fibers being predominantly individual fibers although having some groups of wrapper fibers. The groups of wrapper fibers appear as non-uniform, non-consistent groupings and provide a relatively smooth appearance. The wrapper fibers are wrapped at a helix angle of about 30.degree. (e.g. about 30.degree.-50.degree.), and about 20-30 percent of the fiber mass comprises the wrapper fibers. The wrappers are essentially devoid of auger or corkscrew appearance. The core fibers are essentially parallel staple fibers. The wrapped and core fibers have the same dyeability.

Abstract: Stain-resistant nylon, especially cationic-dyeable carpet nylon, is prepared by dyeing cationic-dyeable nylon fibers with acid or premetalized dye. Lightfastness and depth of shade of an apparent value equal to acid dyeable nylons is obtained with superior stain resistance equal to commercially available solution dyed nylon carpeting.

Abstract: A drapery fabric sample, or like fabric sample, is displayed in an effective yet simple manner. A drapery fabric sample having unpleated top, bottom, and sides edges is mounted in association with a cantilever arm. The arm is preferably a rectangular configuration plastic arm having a hinge pin at least one end, and a tab surface and side surfaces for receiving the top edge of a drape sample. The arm also preferably includes first and second sections which are mounted for pivotal movement with respect to each other by a vertical hinge. The drape sample, after engaging the tab and side surfaces is wrapped around the arm at least once, and the arm is mounted by a channel which receives the pivot pin(s) so that it extends generally horizontally.

Abstract: Smooth, specular, ductile alloys of a transition metal and phosphorus (particularly nickel phosphorus) are produced. The ductility is such that when the alloy is in the form of a foil having a thickness up to or greater than 1 mil (i.e. greater than can be obtained by splat cooling) it can be formed into a complex geometric shape, such as a helix, without cracking, and has a ductility comparable to at least about 5 percent (possibly even over 10 percent) for a 25 micron foil subjected to the ASTM Micrometer Bend Test for Ductility of Electrodeposits. The alloy is deposited on a substrate by electroplating in a bath comprising about 0.5-1.0 molar nickel, about 1.5-3.0 molar phosphorous acid, about 0.1-0.6 molar phosphoric acid, and about 0.0-0.6 molar hydrochloric acid, with chloride ion in the amount of at least 1.25M, and greater than twice as much chloride as nickel.

Abstract: A system of operating room garments including two-component scrub pants with an elastic waist band and elastic bands in the mid-thigh area to define a containment zone between the two and knit cuffs at the ankle area, to be worn under a tabard for maximum protection against bacterial transmission as required and, over both, a surgical gown is worn with barrier panel sleeves and in the chest area extending from the neck to the mid-thigh area. The barrier panel composed of a bacteriostatically-treated polyester/cotton fabric sandwiched between a pair of water repellent, microporous urethane-coated fabrics or high-density woven fabrics, the composite being stitched together. The system provides the choice of garment selection depending upon the surgical procedure involved.

Abstract: Waterproof, moisture-vapor-permeable urethane-coated fabrics with durable antimicrobial properties that remain after repeated launderings are prepared by incorporating bioactive silyl quaternary ammonium salts into the polyurethane elastomer solvent solution that forms a microporous polyurethane layer by the wet coagulation method on a base fabric.

Abstract: A cardboard, paperboard, or fiberboard carton having a generally-rectangular parallepiped configuration is constructed and utilized so that even when the carton is deep, items packed at the bottom of the carton can be easily removed. Side panels of the parallepiped carton each have vertical corners extending along the lengths of its edges. The lines of separation are formed at the corners defining one of the side panels. The lines of separation, such as through-extending slits or perforations, are spaced from but near the top of the container (e.g., at a distance about one to four inches from the top of the container) and extend several inches toward the middle of the container, being spaced from the bottom. A horizontal score line may be provided at the bottom of the lines of separation, to facilitate bending over the side panel between the lines of separation once the top of the carton has been unpacked and it is desirable to unpack the bottom of the container.

Abstract: Flame retardant properties are imparted to a textile substrate by application of a powdered flame retardant in solid form, which is then fused or melted onto the textile to durably attach the flame retardant to the textile. The process is especially adapted for water-insoluble solid flame retardants, such as hexabromocyclododecane, currently applied in dispersion or emulsion form.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed relating to forming yarn by "vacuum spinning". A spinning nozzle assembly is provided which includes two axially aligned sections, each formed with a through passageway. Adjacent facing surfaces of the sections define a continuous radial slot through which air flow may be directed. The axially aligned sections of the nozzle are, in one exemplary embodiment, telescopically received within a sleeve mounted for rotation within a housing. The nozzle sections may be adjusted axially relative to each other to alter the dimension of the radial slot as desired, for example, in accordance with a predetermined yarn count.

Abstract: Poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabrics containing N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone on them are printed with a print paste. Print pastes containing N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for converting tow into sliver including cutter rolls for cutting fiber to length, a collector pan for passing the cut fiber from the cutting rolls to a drafting section and a pin roll in the drafting section for combing and debonding the fiber. The collector pan is shaped to dispose the opposite marginal edges of the cut fiber web in registration with the main body of the web to ensure proper presentation of the cut tow fibers to the drafting section. The pin roll in the drafting section includes a plurality of projections having leading and trailing edges terminating in a tip. Each leading edge is angled to enter the tow web prior to entry of the associated tip. The arrangement of the converter affords high weight delivery of combed and debonded fiber with minimal defects.

Abstract: A cold weather hat is formed of layered material comprised of an intermediate layer of open-cellular foam, an outer fabric layer, and an inner fabric. The hat has a high moisture vapor transmission rate. The hat has ear flaps which are constructed to conform to the configuration of the sides of an individual's face, eliminating the need for straps, and bill which is movable between upper and lower positions by a snap-type action. Peripheral vision is enhanced while the washer's head is kept warm.

Abstract: Vacuum spinning of yarn produces yarns having good properties, and which may have a wide variety of different effects and constructions. A core filament yarn may be fed into operative association with a nipped sliver or roving, and then fed to a perforated rotating hollow shaft operatively connected to the vacuum. The core filament yarn may be a full stretched textured yarn, which is placed under tension and while under tension is dragged over a sharp edge of nonconductive material, and after the tension is relieved develops crimp. This causes individual fibers to be repelled, and provides for intermixing of the nipped sliver or roving fibers and the core filament yarn fibers. Alternatively the filament yarn may be acted upon by draft rollers before the entrance to, and after the exit from, the hollow rotating shaft, to apply a force that breaks up to about 20% of the fibers. The yarns produced utilizing the broken fibers has a spun-like appearance.

Abstract: Synthetic textile fibers are dyed in a waterless coloring composition composed of a high-boiling ester solvent and a dye that (a) is soluble to the extent of at least 1.5% in the solvent, (b) provides a depth of coloration, expressed as yield, of at least 25%, (c) imparts to the dyed fibers a lightfastness value of at least 3, and (d) provides the dyed fibers with a washfastness value of at least 3.

Abstract: Breaking and/or test strength of aramid fabrics are enhanced when finished with a fabric softener. Improvements of up to 50% over the corresponding untreated greige fabrics and up to 45% over the corresponding untreated dyed fabric are achieved without detracting from flame resistance of these fabrics.

Abstract: Waterproof, moisture-vapor-permeable aromatic urethane-coated fabrics that resist degradation caused by ultraviolet light are prepared by incorporating hindered amine ultraviolet stabilizers into the aromatic urethane elastomer solvent solution that forms a microporous polyurethane layer by the wet coagulation method on a base fabric.

Abstract: A curtain, drape, shade, or the like movable to a position in which it has a ballooning effect is mounted in a simple and effective manner. A first conventional curtain rod supports a fabric sheet comprising the shade, or the like, at a top portion of the sheet. A second conventional curtain rod is spaced from the first rod and is adjacent the top of the sheet. A number of rings, disposed in columns, are formed on the back of the fabric sheet, and a cord passes through all the rings in a column. Each cord is connected at a first end to a bottom portion of the fabric sheet, and the second end of each cord passes through one or more eyelets mounted in a fixed position with respect to the second curtain rod. Each eyelet may be moved to any desired position along the curtain rod by loosening a screw fastener, and when the screw fastener is tightened it is fixed at the particular position to which it has been moved along the curtain rod.

Abstract: Synthetic/cellulosic blend textile fabrics are simultaneously dyed and the synthetic component simultaneously treated to impart flame resistance in a single step with good color yield. Additional fabric finishing may be used to impart flame resistance to the cellulosic component of the fabric.

Abstract: Aramid and aramid-blend fabrics are dyed and optionally flame-retardant treated using conventional pressure and heat dyeing equipment. Odor-free, colored or colored and highly flame resistant products result.