Abstract: This invention provides a case hardening steel alloy and articles made therefrom which, when case hardened and heat treated, have high case hardness, corrosion resistance, high temperature capability and metal-to-metal wear resistance and high core ductility, impact toughness and fracture toughness. The alloy contains about 0.05-0.1 w/o C, 0.04 w/o max. N, 1.5 w/o max. Mn, 1 w/o max. Si, 11-15 w/o Cr, 1-3 w/o Mo, 1.5-3.5 w/o Ni, 3-8 w/o Co, 0.1-1 w/o V, and the balance Fe. In a preferred embodiment, the alloy is balanced according to Equation 1 (Eq.1) so that:______________________________________ 3(w/o Cr) + 6(w/o Si) + 2.5 (w/o Mo) + 6(w/o V) - 25(w/o C + N) - 6(w/o Ni) - 2(w/o Mn) - 2(w/o Co) - 21 .ltoreq. 0.

Abstract: A ferritic alloy, having an improved combination of magnetic properties and corrosion resistance, contains, in weight percent, about______________________________________ % ______________________________________ Carbon 0.03 max. Manganese 0.5 max. Silicon 0.5 max. Sulfur 0-0.5 Chromium 2-13.0 Molybdenum 0-1.5 Nitrogen 0.05 max. ______________________________________and the balance is essentially iron. The alloy, and articles made therefrom, provide higher saturation induction than known corrosion resistant, magnetic alloys.

Abstract: This invention provides a non-magnetic, austenitic, corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy having improved machinability, a consistently reproduceable coefficient of thermal expansion, and an essentially ferrite-free structure. The alloy contains about 0.04-0.10 w/o C, 0.03-0.07 w/o N, 2.00 w/o max. Mn, 1.00 w/o max. Si, 0.045 w/o max. P, 0.015-0.10 S, 19.00-24.00 Cr, 0.75 w/o max. Mo, 12.00-18.00 w/o Ni, and the balance iron. The alloy is balanced so that no more than about 2 v/o ferrite as determined by the DeLong diagram is present and so that the coefficient of thermal expansion is about 14.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 16.5.times.10.sup.-6 per C..degree. within the temperature range of about -51 to 121C.This invention further provides articles, including a non-magnetic tube in a magnetically biased accelerometer having good corrosion resistance, a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 14.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 16.5.times.10.sup.-6 per C..degree.

Abstract: A heat, corrosion and wear resistant austenitic steel and article made therefrom is disclosed containing in weight percent about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon 0.35-1.50 Manganese 3.0-10.0 Silicon 2.0 max. Phosphorus 0.10 max. Sulfur 0.05 max. Chromium 18-28 Nickel 3.0-10.0 Molybdenum Up to 10.0 Vanadium Up to 4.0 Boron Up to 0.03 Nitrogen 0.25 min. Tungsten Up to 8.0 Niobium 1.0 max. ______________________________________the balance being essentially iron. To attain the unique combination of properties provided by the present alloy w/o C+w/o N must be at least about 0.7, w/o V+0.5 (w/o Mo)+0.25 (w/o W) must be about 0.8-9.0.

Abstract: A workable, boron-containing, stainless steel alloy and an article formed therefrom are disclosed together with a process for manufacturing same. The alloy consists essentially of, in weight percent, about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon 0.10 max. Manganese 2.00 max. Silicon 1.00 max. Phosphorus 0.045 max. Sulfur 0.010 max. Chromium 16.00-22.00 Nickel 10.00-15.00 Molybdenum 0-3.0 Boron 0.2-2.0 Nitrogen 0.075 max. ______________________________________and the balance consisting essentially of iron. The as-worked alloy in accordance with the invention is characterized by having a boride particle areal density per weight percent boron (A.sub.N) defined by the relationshipA.sub.N .gtoreq.58,080-18,130 (%B).The as-worked alloy of the invention is further characterized by having a Charpy V-notch impact strength (CVN) defined by the relationshipCVN.gtoreq.85.917 x e.sup.-1.20297(%B).

Abstract: An improved hot work tool steel has higher hardness capability and better temper resistance above 1100 F. and better wear resistance than AISI type H13 and better toughness and ductility then AISI type H10 or type H21. The steel alloy contains essentially the following in weight percent:______________________________________ Carbon 0.55 Max. Manganese 1.5 Max. Silicon 2.0 Max. Chromium 3.5-6.0 Molybdenum 1.5-3.0 Vanadium 0.50-1.50 ______________________________________and the balance is essentially iron except for the usual impurities found in commerical grades of hot work tool steels. Carbon and chromium are balanced within the composition such that% carbon.gtoreq.0.098.times.% chromium.

Abstract: A thermally stable Super Invar has a substantially suppressed martensitic transformation inception point as well as an average coefficient of thermal expansion substantially lower than Invar. The composition in weight percent consists essentially of______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ C 0.02 Max. Mn 0.4-0.8 Si up to 0.25 Ni 32.0-33.2 Co 4.5-5.5 ______________________________________and the balance iron except for incidental amounts of other elements including up to 0.015 w/o P, 0.015 w/o S, 0.25 w/o Cr, 0.20 w/o Mo, 0.20 w/o. Cu, as well as other incidental elements in amounts which do not undesirably affect the austenitic microstructure or otherwise detract from the desired properties of the alloy. The composition is particularly suited for the manufacture of precision optical articles as well as other articles where minimal expansion mismatch between a metal member and a nonmetal member is required at temperatures of -90.degree. C. (-130.degree. F.) and lower.

Abstract: A precipitation hardenable, nickel-base alloy having improved intergranular stress corrosion cracking resistance in water environments at temperatures up to about 700.degree. F. is disclosed containing in weight percent about:______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon up to 0.25 Manganese up to 1.0 Silicon up to 0.80 Phosphorus up to 0.025 Sulfur up to 0.010 Chromium 10-25 Molybdenum up to 1 Aluminum 0.2-1.5 Titanium 1.5-3 Niobium 0.10-3 Iron 0.1-20 Boron 0.0005-0.004 Copper up to 2.0 Cobalt up to 25 Zirconium up to 0.07 ______________________________________the balance being essentially nickel. The unique properties of the alloy are provided within the stated ranges when: (a) at least about 0.30% molybdenum is present when the allow contains more than about 0.003% boron and more than about 0.001% zirconium; (b) no more than about 0.002% boron is present when the alloy contains more than about 0.05% zirconium; and (c) not more than about 0.

Abstract: A low cobalt maraging steel has a yield strength of at least about 240 ksi (about 1655 MPa) in the aged condition in combination with good toughness as indicated by a longitudinal Charpy V-notch impact toughness of at least aobut 20 ft-lb (about 27 J), as well as good notch ductility. The alloy contains, in weight percent, about:______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ C 0.02 Max. Ni 15-20 Mo 0.50-4.0 Co 0.5-5.0 Ti 0.90-1.35 Nb 0.03-0.35 Al 0.3 Max. B Up to 0.015 ______________________________________The balance is essentially iron, optional additions, and the usual impurities found in commercial grades of high nickel, low carbon maraging steels. The alloy is further characterized in that the ratio %Co:%Mo is at least about 0.3 and %Ti+%Nb.gtoreq.1.0.

Abstract: A stainless duplex ferritic-austenitic steel with improved corrosion resistance. The steel consists essentially of about: 0.03 w/o Max. carbon, 3.0 w/o Max. manganese, 1.0 w/o Max. silicon, 26.0 to 29.0 w/o chromium, 3.5 to 5.2 w/o nickel, 3.5 w/o Max. molybdenum, 0.15 w/o Min. nitrogen and the balance essentially iron. The steel preferably contains about 0.17 to 0.35 w/o nitrogen for improved pitting resistance and for increased austenite content. Welds of the steel preferably contain at least about 17% austenite in the as-welded condition for improved pitting and intergranular corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A large, austenitic, non-magnetic, stainless steel, alloy article which has been significantly warm worked between about 1500 F. and 1650 F. but not subsequently annealed, which has a 0.2% yield strength of at least about 90 ksi, and which, when formed into a U-bend, does not undergo stress corrosion cracking within about 700 hours in boiling saturated aqueous sodium chloride containing 2 weight percent (w/o) ammonium bisulfite. The alloy of the article consists essentially of about:______________________________________ Elements w/o ______________________________________ C 0.1 Max. Mn 1-11 Si 0.6 Max. Cr 18-23 Ni 14-25 Mo 2.5-6.5 Cu 2 Max. B .01 Max. N 0.15 Min. C + N .gtoreq. ##STR1## ______________________________________and the balance is essentially iron. A preferred alloy for this article contains about: ______________________________________ Elements w/o ______________________________________ C .02 Max. Mn 3.0-9.0 Si 0.5 Max. Cr 18-23 Ni 15-22 Mo 2.5-6.5 N 0.20 Min. 3 Mo + Cr .gtoreq. 29.

Abstract: A galling and corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel alloy is disclosed containing in weight percent about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon 0.25 Max. Manganese 2.0-7.0 Silicon 1.0-5.0 Phosphorus 0.05 Max. Sulfur 0.3 Max. Chromium 12-20 Nickel 2.0-7.75 Molybdenum 3 Max. Copper 3 Max. Nitrogen 0.35 Max. ______________________________________the balance being essentially iron. To attain its unique properties the alloy must be balanced so as to contain no more than about 10% ferrite. The % Ni+1/2(% Mn) must not be less than 5.5% and not greater than 1/8[11(% Si)+42], and the sum of the (% C+% N) is at least 0.15%. Care must be taken that when the amount of silicon present is less than about 2.25%, at least about 4.0% manganese is present.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flat form from blended metallic powder including a major constituent by weight having a high melting point and a minor constituent by weiht having a substantially lower melting point includes selection of the powder to provide continuous and reproducible compacted flat forms. Powder is selected on the basis of compressibility and flowability. The selected powder is compacted to a flat green form and then liquid phase sintered. The flat form may be stacked to provide a flat article of a desired thickness which will result in a monolithic or composite cross section when subsequently sintered. Liquid phase sintering is carried out in a manner designed to avoid undesirable embrittlement and to provide a uniform microstructure in the fully consolidated article. The process is especially useful in the production of tungsten heavy alloy plate.

Abstract: A powder metallurgy consolidation process and apparatus for carrying out said process produces integral metal bodies by heating metal powder of a predetermined composition to a temperature sufficient to cause solid state interparticle bonding, while simultaneously maintaining a reactive fluid in contact with the metal powder. The metal powder is compacted to a density greater than 90% of the full theoretical density of the composition after the reactive fluid has been removed. The reactive fluid is selected to modify the powder particle surface chemistry in order to improve bondability and to obtain other properties as desired. Metal bodies which have been consolidated by the process are sufficiently dense to be mechanically hot worked and exhibit exceptionally low retained gas content.

Abstract: An austenitic alloy useful as the high thermal expansion element of a temperature-sensitive bimetal strip. The alloy consists essentially of about 0.5 w/o Max. carbon, 3.0-7.0 w/o manganese, 2.5-4.0 w/o chrominum, 16.0-22.0 w/o nickel and the balance essentially iron, except for incidental impurities.

Abstract: An improved consumable electrode remelting furnace and a method of monitoring decreases in the weight of a consumable electrode during remelting are provided. An electrode support structure is movably supported above a mold for moving the electrode into and out of substantially coaxial relationship with the mold. The base of a load cell is supported above the mold by the electrode support structure so that the load cell is electrically remote from the electric melting current conducting paths in the furnace. Apparatus are provided for: (1) suspending the weight of the electrode and substantially only that weight from the top of the load cell; and (2) vertically displacing the mold and the electrode relative to each other toward and away from a position of the electrode in the mold where the electrode can be remelted.

Abstract: A large, austenitic, non-magnetic, stainless steel, alloy article which has been significantly warm worked between about 1500.degree. F. and 1650.degree. F. but not subsequently annealed, which has a 0.2% yield strength of at least about 90 ksi, and which, when formed into a U-bend, does not undergo stress corrosion cracking within about 700 hours in boiling saturated aqueous sodium chloride containing 2 weight percent (w/o) ammonium bisulfite. The alloy of the article consists essentially of about:______________________________________ Elements w/o ______________________________________ C 0.1 Max. Mn 1-11 Si 0.6 Max. Cr 18-23 Ni 14-25 Mo 2.5-6.5 Cu 2 Max. B .01 Max. N 0.15 Min. C + N .gtoreq. ##STR1## ______________________________________and the balance is essentially iron. a preferred alloy for this article contains about: ______________________________________ Elements w/o ______________________________________ C .02 Max. Mn 3.0-9.0 Si 0.5 Max. Cr 18-23 Ni 15-22 Mo 2.5-6.5 N 0.20 Min. 3Mo + Cr .gtoreq.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless corrosion resistant alloy and articles made therefrom having good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in oxidizing chloride-bearing media combined with resistance to general corrosion and to intergranular corrosion in oxidizing media, containing in weight percent about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ C 0.06 Max. Mn 1.4 Max. Si 0.9 Max. P 0.035 Max. S 0.035 Max. Cr 20-26 Ni 34-44 Mo 3-<5.1 Cu 0.1-<3.1 N 0.4 Max. B 0.005 Max. Ce + La 0.4 Max. Added Nb 1 Max. Ti 0.5 Max. ______________________________________and the balance iron. The amount of nitrogen is not greater than that which can be retained in solution. When present niobium plus titanium ranges upward from a minimum which is sufficient to combine stoichiometrically with the amount of carbon present in excess of 0.025 w/o. In this composition the elements chromium, nickel, molybdenum and copper are balanced so that the value of Correlation I is equal to or less than 1.

Abstract: A free machining cold formable austenitic stainless steel alloy and articles made therefrom which contains in weight percent about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon 0.15 Max. Manganese 4 Max. Chromium 14-20 Nickel 8-12 Copper 1.0-2.4 Nitrogen 0.2 Max. Free Machining 0.02-0.25 Additive ______________________________________with the balance iron and preferably no more than 2 w/o manganese, 1 w/o silicon, 0.04 w/o phosphorus, 0.08 w/o nitrogen. Also, the alloy preferably contains 1.4-2.0 w/o copper and the free machining additive is 0.08-0.14 w/o sulfur.

Abstract: An in-basin measuring system for determining changes in the longitudinal profile of nuclear fuel channel members which have been subjected to radiation in the reactor core section while maintaining the protective shield provided by the deep water in the storage basin of a boiling water nuclear reactor. A holder is provided having a support for a channel member with means for moving the channel member into a stepped gage coupled with means for indicating the position of the channel member in the gage to determine the dimensional changes along the length of the channel member.