Abstract: A system and method of augmenting existing and operational base stations to include multiple diversity schemes and to render passive antenna elements active is presented herein. The passive antenna array of the existing base station is replaced with an active antenna array, consisting of an active radiator unit that includes an array of both receive and transmit antenna elements. The transmit and receive antenna elements of the active radiator unit, respectively, are connected to transmit amplifiers and bandpass filters located at a masthead or at the top of the building.

Abstract: A load balancing system for dynamic balancing of load between sectors of a sectored cellular base station, comprises a plurality of repeaters with local coverage in the sectors, and a switching matrix, for associating between the repeaters and the base station, and for allowing the repeaters to be switched between different sectors. If the system uses the base station assigned frequency band for communication with the repeaters then the system can be provided with minimal interference as an add-on to a legacy base station. An add-on may also be provided using microwave frequency and dedicated antennas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of controlling a plurality of beam patterns radiated by a base station in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving at least one signal from a mobile station at the base station, determining estimated attributes of the at least one signal received by the base station. Smoothed versions of the estimated attributes are calculated in accordance with a predetermined set of criteria are calculated. A set of weighted signal parameters are generated to describe a polarization state of the at least one signal received from the mobile station. The generated weighed signal parameters are applied to a signal transmitted by the base station such that the transmitted signal substantially matches the polarization state of the at least one signal from the mobile station.

Abstract: Apparatus for inserting transmit diversity into an RF signal for transmission, comprises: an RF splitter for splitting the RF signal to be transmitted into two signal parts, and a non-linear phase modulator which applies a non-linear phase modulation to one of the two signal parts, thereby to provide transmit diversity between the first signal part and the second signal part. One of the ways of inserting a non-linear phase modulation into the RF signal is to use a spinning disc with tracks of different dielectric strength. The apparatus is useful in cellular telephony for supplying repeaters and base station extensions with diversity capability.

Abstract: A modular cellular wireless communication base station includes a plurality of active radiator modules located at a desired antenna location. Each module includes at least one antenna, a transmitter, and a receiver. A beam forming network controls relative amplitudes and phases of each of the modules. An RF front end transmits over a low power link with the active radiator modules via the beam forming network and receives over the low power link via a low noise amplifier. A delay diversity module provides a transmission CDMA delay diversity.

Abstract: A base station for a cellular telecommunications network is arranged to support a plurality of angular sectors. Each sector has a single dual column antenna, or two single column antennas, and each column is dual polarized such that each element in each column has a correspondingly polarized element in the other column. Thus the two pairs of correspondingly polarized elements form a phased array pair which is steerable together to form a narrow compound sector beam and steerable apart to form a wide compound sector beam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for augmenting an existing base station for cellular communications, especially when the existing base station includes a main antenna and a diversity antenna. The method comprising replacing the diversity antenna array with a new diversity antenna array comprising both receive and transmit elements; installing a switching matrix in the signal path between the base station and the transmit element of both the new diversity antenna array and the main antenna array; and switching the transmission of data between the transmit elements of the main antenna array and the diversity antenna array.

Abstract: At least two passive antenna arrays of an existing multicarrier base station transceiver system are supplemented by an auxiliary antenna array to provide a system and method of enhancing reverse link sensitivity and reducing the effects of multipath fading in a wireless communication system without the need for modifications to the mobile station. The auxiliary antenna array provides a complementary transmit diversity path for the two passive antennas such that a predetermined time delay is implemented to a composite transmit signal and the delayed composite transmit signal is fed directly to the auxiliary antenna array. The delayed signal and the signals from the passive antenna arrays provide a reduced noise figure and time delay transmit diversity for the multicarrier BTS operation.

Abstract: Various antenna arrangements are provided with active transmit and receive antenna elements for transmitting and receiving signals within a cellular communication system. Also presented are specific base station antenna systems and methods, and portions thereof, which improve and control specific characteristics and features of antenna systems including antenna beam patterns. In addition, method for the optimization of a cellular communications network is provided which exploits reverse-link, forward-link, and pilot signal information to optimize network operations.

Abstract: A base station for a wireless communication system is capable of transmitting signals that match the polarization state of a mobile station by including an antenna arrangement having at least one set of transmit antenna elements and at least one set of receive antenna elements, a transformation mechanism having at least one antenna port coupled to the antenna arrangement and at least one beam port, and an adaptive measurement and control mechanism coupled to the transmit and receive antenna port signals and configured to measure and adaptively control attributes of the transmit and receive antenna port signals.

Abstract: Method and device for enhancing performance of a base station (112) transceiver by detecting signal received from a mobile transceiver (140) by at least two antennas (H, V), thereby producing a plurality of received signal portions, determining the polarization of a signal transmitted to the mobile transceiver (140) according to the detected polarization characteristics, providing the reassembling the received signal from the received signal portions according to the detected polarization characteristics and alternatively dithering the polarization of the transmitted signal.

Abstract: Certain antenna arrangements are provided, and active radiator units are presented which may form those antenna arrangements. Various subcomponents of such antenna arrangements and active radiator units are provided. Systems and methods, and portions thereof, facilitate the assembling and arranging of antenna elements, active radiator units, and subcomponents of such antenna arrangements and active radiator units. They also facilitate the controlling of the operation of one or more aspects of a communication site, particularly an active radiator unit within a given antenna arrangement.

Abstract: A novel base station for cellular wireless communications based on a modular structure is provided. The modular cellular wireless communication base station includes a plurality of active radiator modules (ARM's) located at a desired antenna location, a beam forming network controlling relative amplitudes and phases of each of the modules and an RF front end. Each module (100) includes at least one antenna (ant) for transmitting and receiving, a transmitter having a power amplifier, and receiver.

Abstract: A cooling system for telecommunication equipment including a heat exchanger having outwardly protruding, parallel fins to dissipate heat. Each pair of fins forming an elongated channel. The system includes an ejector positioned within each channel to direct pressurized air through the channels while dragging ambient air through the channels along with the pressurized air. The pressurized and ambient air passing through the channels increases the ability of the fins to dissipate heat. Since the source of pressurized air can be remote from the telecommunications equipment in a protected and easily accessed location, the ejectors provide a rugged cooling mechanism adjacent the heat exchanger with no moving parts.