Abstract: A method for operating a train comprising two or more locomotives, the method comprising the steps of: a) Setting one or more locomotive control levels and choosing a selected route of travel; b) Calculating a target train speed profile and a target in-train force profile over at least a portion of the selected route; c) Measuring one or more operating parameters related to the operation of the train; d) Calculating a future train speed profile and a future in-train force profile for a future period based on at least one of the one or more operating parameters, at least one of the one or more locomotive control levels and one or more pieces of information relating to the selected route; e) Calculating adjusted locomotive speed control levels relating to the one or more operating parameters based on a difference between the target train speed profile and the future train speed profile, the adjusted locomotive control levels being adapted to maintain the target train speed profile over the future period; f)

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an acyl homoserine lactone and catalase conjugate wherein the acyl homoserine lactone is N-3-(oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OdDHL) or butyryl L-homoserine lactone (BHL) and the catalase is a P. aeruginosa KatA protein or an antigenic portion thereof. The conjugate is used to treat P. aeruginosa infections by limiting the formation of biofilms and inhibiting a range of quorum-sensing dependent virulence factors by having an immunogenic conjugate provided as a therapeutic or prophylactic vaccine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to teaching props for use in clinical education. The teaching props are in the form of synthetic body parts adapted to be worn by the instructor to facilitate demonstration of physiological functions and clinical procedures to the students. The synthetic body parts include simulated skin or tissue and one or more internal conduits adapted to contain at least one simulated physiological fluid and is adapted to facilitate simulation of physiological functions or clinical procedures. The props allow the students to practice clinical procedures and techniques in a realistic situation without any risk of harm or discomfort to a real patient.

Abstract: A bogie for a railway vehicle includes a frame, a plurality of wheelsets, and steering linkages linking the wheelsets to maintain steering alignment. The bogie has a wheelset body linkage pivotally connecting the steering linkages with the bogie body so as to position the body relative to the wheelsets, and two alignment rams to position the body relative to the frame. The bogie also has sensors for monitoring yaw angle and yaw velocity. The sensor input is processed to estimate track curvature and determine the train speed and yaw velocity of the vehicle body. The processor actuates the alignment rams to adjust the position of the body relative to the frame in response to the track curvature and current frame positions to minimize wheel contact creepage and maximize bogie stability.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a railway bogie with a mounted vehicle body including a frame; a plurality of wheelsets and steering linkages linking the wheelsets so that the wheelsets can cooperate to be in steering alignment. The bogie has a wheelset body linkage pivotally connecting the steering linkages with the bogie body so to position the body relative to the wheelsets and two alignment rams to position the body relative to the frame. The bogie also has sensors for monitoring the yaw angle and yaw velocity. The sensor input is then processed to estimate track curvature and determine the train speed and yaw velocity of the vehicle body. The processor then actuates the alignment rams to adjust the position of the body relative to the frame in response to the track curvature and current frame positions to minimize wheel contact creepage and maximize bogie stability.

Abstract: A method of estimating contact forces between the wheels of a railway wagon and a rail track, for use in determining information such as the likelihood of derailment. Accelerations of the body of the wagon are measured using motion sensors located at suitable points on the body. Forces on the side frames of the wagon are calculated based on the accelerations of the body and predetermined parameters of the body. Forces on the wheels of the wagon are calculated based on the accelerations of the body and predetermined parameters of the body. The contact forces between the wheels and the rails are then calculated based on the forces calculated for the side frames and the wheels. The calculations are carried out using an inverse model of the wagon system. Equipment which implements the method is also described.

Abstract: A method of treating a steel railway wheels to form a required distribution of compressive residual stress in the rim. In general terms the wheel heated and then quenched from the plate towards the rim. The wheel is first heated to form austenite throughout the plate and rim portions. The wheel is then cooled to form bainite/martensite in the plate portion. The wheel is cooled to form bainite/martensite in an inner portion of the rim. The wheel is cooled to form bainite/martensite in an outer portion of the rim.

Abstract: A method of estimating contact forces between the wheels of a railway wagon and a rail track, for use in determining information such as the likelihood of derailment. Accelerations of the body of the wagon are measured using motion sensors located at suitable points on the body. Forces on the side frames of the wagon are calculated based on the accelerations of the body and predetermined parameters of the body. Forces on the wheels of the wagon are calculated based on the accelerations of the body and predetermined parameters of the body. The contact forces between the wheels and the rails are then calculated based on the forces calculated for the side frames and the wheels. The calculations are carried out using an inverse model of the wagon system. Equipment which implements the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for providing power from solar cells whereby each cell or cell array is allowed to produce its maximum available power and converted by an operatively connected DC/DC converter. Each cell or cell array has its own DC/DC converter.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for optimizing the dynamics and energy usage of long vehicles such as freight trains by determining their operating conditions and calculating an optimal sequence of power and braking control actions. The sequence calculated provides for optimal vehicle dynamic behaviour with minimum energy usage in accordance with the train type, track topography and train operation rules and policies. The method and system serves as a management tool for the driver and reference signals for a train cruise control or autopilot system.

Abstract: Apparatus for the spectral assessment of fruit includes a sensor head (10) positioned adjacent a near infrared light source (11). The sensor head is coupled to a spectrometer via fibre optics (30). The sensor head is positioned close to the periphery of fruit substantially parallel with the light from the light source so that the fibre optics sense only the internally reflected or refracted light emanating from the fruit.

Abstract: A vehicle dynamics prediction system for providing prediction of vehicle velocity for a predetermined future time period. The predictions utilize future vehicle control setting anticipated for the time period. An artificial intelligence database coupled to a processor that utilizes weighted values for neural network models representing dynamic performance of the vehicle forms part of the vehicle dynamics prediction system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for optimizing the dynamics and energy usage of long vehicles such as freight trains by determining their operating conditions and calculating an optimal sequence of power and braking control actions. The sequence calculated provides for optimal vehicle dynamic behaviour with minimum energy usage in accordance with the train type, track topography and train operation rules and policies. The method and system serves as a management tool for the driver and reference signals for a train cruise control or autopilot system.