Abstract: The invention relates to a process for permanently electrostatically doping a layer of a conductive or non-conductive material that is deposited on a solid substrate, to the doped material obtained according to this process, and to the use of such a material.

Abstract: Organic lithium batteries are provided having high energy and power densities with a positive electrode based on redox organic compounds and an electrolyte having a high concentration of lithium salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of determining characteristics of orifices (O1, . . . , O9) to be made through a plate (2) positioned in a circuit (10) across the fluid passage. Said method comprises defining fluid data, the number of orifices, and for each orifice a control segment or area. The fluid flow rate through each orifice of the perforated plate is calculated, and for each orifice, the flow rate density is calculated by dividing said fluid flow rate by the associated control segment length or control area. The optimized or non-optimized nature of the orifice characteristic is determined by comparing said flow rate density with the mean flow rate density. If the difference in absolute value lies within a predetermined range of values, then the orifice characteristics are considered as being optimized. Otherwise at least one characteristic of at least some of the orifices is modified.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module includes at least two photovoltaic cells in series, each rectangular cell including, respectively, a first rear thin film electrode, a photovoltaic stack having at least two active materials included between the rear electrode and a transparent conductive electrode made of a thin film, the electrode TC being capable of collecting and transmitting an electric current generated by the photovoltaic stack, the two photovoltaic cells being electrically connected in series by an electrical contact strip that is included between the electrode TC of the first cell and the rear electrode of the second cell. The local thickness of the electrode TC of the cell varies as a function of the distance to the electrical contact strip. Also described are methods for depositing and etching the transparent conductive film so as to simultaneously manufacture a plurality of cells for a single module.

Abstract: A tiltmeter to measure a variation in inclination of a structure from a given starting position. The tiltmeter has two pots, each pot contains an identical volume and identical height of an identical liquid. A communication device connects the two pots and allows the liquid to flow between the two pots by the principle of communicating vessels. Two optical measuring devices are provided, one optical measuring device per pot. Each optical measuring device measures a variation in height of the level of liquid in the associated pot. The optical measuring devices are fiber optic devices coupled to a common light source.

Abstract: A method for preparing a synthetic material having an organic phase and a mineral phase which consists in preparing an initial acidic aqueous solution of collagen which is a precursor for the organic phase (I), and at least one aqueous solution of precursors for the mineral phase (II), and in precipitating the collagen by increasing the pH to a value of at least 7. The method includes the concentration of collagen in the acidic aqueous solution is at least 75 mg/ml and remains constant during said increase in pH. The mineral phase precursors have at least one calcium salt and at least one phosphate salt. The precipitation of the mineral phase (II) is carried out by bringing the mineral phase precursor solution into contact with the organic phase (I), the bringing into contact being carried out before or after the precipitation of the organic phase (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro or ex vivo method for producing a population of pancreatic beta-cells, comprising the step of inhibiting the expression or the activity of Arx in a population of pancreatic alpha-cells. The present invention also relates to method for inducing the conversion of pancreatic alpha-cells in pancreatic beta-cells in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: A magnetic device includes a first magnetic layer, known as storage layer, having a uniaxial anisotropy with an easy magnetization axis in the plane of the storage layer and having a magnetization of variable direction having two positions of equilibrium along the easy magnetization axis, a second magnetic layer, known as electron spin polarization layer, having a magnetization perpendicular to that of the storage layer and situated out of plane of the electron spin polarization layer, a device configured to make circulate in the layers, and perpendicularly thereto, a current to switch from one position of equilibrium of the direction of magnetization of the storage layer to the other. The device further includes a device to apply a magnetic field, known as transverse field, the direction of which is substantially parallel to the plane of the storage layer and substantially perpendicular to the easy magnetization axis of the storage layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organometallic compound based on a divalent metal belonging to the 2nd column of the Periodic Table that can be used as an alkylating agent in a catalytic system based on a rare-earth metal. This novel compound corresponds to the formula: in which, M is a metal belonging to the 2nd column of the Periodic Table, chosen from Be, Mg, Sr, Ba, and Ra; R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl or aryl substituents, optionally bonded together to form at least one ring or at least one aromatic ring; R and R? denote alkyl or aryl substituents; L is a Lewis base; x is an integer from 0 to 4; m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A flotation process for recovering feldspar from a feldspar containing feed material, comprising the following steps: (1) forming an aqueous suspension of a feldspar containing feed material, in the absence of hydrofluoric acid, wherein the suspension comprises from 0.004 to 0.3% wt. of a flotation reagent comprising: (a) one or more amines, containing at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising 8 to 50 carbon atoms, or a salt thereof; and (b) one or more primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols, containing at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising 8 to 50 carbon atoms; the ratio of (a) to (b) ranging from 500:1 to 1:40 by weight; (2) agitating the obtained suspension to produce a feldspar containing fraction, and (3) separating the feldspar containing fraction.

Abstract: The present invention provides new tools useful for controlling the post-translational modifications of recombinant polypeptides. These tools are particular signal peptides allowing the targeting of recombinant polypeptides during their synthesis in a host cell to specific sub-cellular compartments and a specific designing of said recombinant polypeptides within said sub-cellular compartments. These signal peptides are SEQ ID no 1 to SEQ ID no 31 disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for the prevention and/or the treatment of glutamate cytotoxicity. It further relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for preventing and/or treating glutamate induced neurological disorders. Additionally, it concerns the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for making drugs exerting an inhibitory effect on the release of glutamate.

Abstract: A system for cooling a heated juice by partial low-pressure evaporation, the system includes a vat with at least two compartments that are connected to each other through a variably positioned shutter element, where the juice is subjected to decreasing pressure reductions within the vat and the movement of the variably positioned shutter element creates a pulsed effect that removes solid particles contained in the juice.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for the prevention and/or the treatment of glutamate cytotoxicity. It further relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for preventing and/or treating glutamate induced neurological disorders. Additionally, it concerns the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for making drugs exerting an inhibitory effect on the release of glutamate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for the prevention and/or the treatment of glutamate cytotoxicity. It further relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for preventing and/or treating glutamate induced neurological disorders. Additionally, it concerns the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for making drugs exerting an inhibitory effect on the release of glutamate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for the prevention and /or the treatment of glutamate cytotoxicity. It further relates to the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for preventing and/or treating glutamate induced neurological disorders. Additionally, it concerns the use of beta-naphthoquinone derivatives, and salts thereof, for making drugs exerting an inhibitory effect on the release of glutamate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to peptides comprising the sequence ASNKL (SEQ ID No. 1), inducing attraction of the axonal growth in presence of the semaphorin (Sema3A), L1 and NP-1 proteins and their use for the manufacture of a drug for neuronal/axonal regeneration or for treating neurodegenerative diseases. The present invention also includes a method for identifying a compound able to bind the NP-1, a method for identifying a compound able to revert the repulsory effect of Sema3A on the axonal growth from a suited cell, or methods to screen for molecules capable of blocking Sema3A-induced endocytosis.

Abstract: A method of generating photons by sonoluminescence, from a gas bubble trapped in a liquid reservoir (2) by a standing ultrasound wave. An ultrasound impulse emitted by high-frequency transducers (T1–T8) is superposed on the standing wave, the high-frequency transducers being pre-focused onto the gas bubble and pre-synchronized with the light emissions from the gas bubble during an initial training stage in which said focusing and said synchronization are optimized.

Abstract: A method and a device for interferential microscopic imaging of an object which comprises sending a light beam in each of the arms of a two-wave interferometer, one of the arms comprising the object to be analyzed. The phase is subjected to a sinusoidal modulation to a frequency f. The signal modulation results from mechanical oscillation of an assembly of elements of the interferometer. The interference signal (S) is integrated during the phase variation via a multichannel sensor. A computer enables to record the integrated interference signal obtained during each period fraction 1/n and to calculate, subsequently, the image of the object. The invention is potentially useful for characterizing thin layers, for controlling components in microelectronics, for reading data stored in volume (3D) and objects unstable in time; in biology and in vivo studies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device comprising microstructures or nanostructures on a support, characterized in that the support comprises: a) a substrate (1) comprising at least one part composed of a crystalline material, this part having a surface (2) with a stress field or a topology associated with a stress field, the stress field being associated with dislocations, b) an intermediate layer (3) bonded to the surface (2), and having a thickness and/or composition and/or a surface state enabling transmission of said stress field through this layer as far as its free face that supports microstructures or nanostructures (4).