Abstract: A method and software to allow direct input for projects, either by all users of a network, a defined group of users, or various populations in between. The projects may be, e.g., collaborative design efforts, marketing efforts for a given product, and so on. The system provides a software and service platform that may be implemented either as an Internet-based social collaboration service or a stand-alone software platform. The system provides a social Internet community framework that allows users to create short-cycle projects or contests that present a request, scenario or problem and asks the user community to collaborate on ideas and solutions that solve or fit the request. Anyone in the user community, or outside the user community, can start new projects and participate in existing projects by adding and collaborating on ideas. Through a selection process, e.g., community voting, a prevailing or winning idea is selected and all contributors to the prevailing idea are rewarded.

Abstract: A novel technique for determining the existence or nonexistence of a test nucleotide on a strand of DNA is provided. The determination advantageously uses an exonucleolytic agent that is capable of retaining a labeled nucleotide in a primer if there is a match between the test nucleotide on the strand of DNA and the complementary nucleotide on the primer, but not if there is a mismatch. The presence or absence of the test nucleotide then may be established by determining whether the label is preserved or lost following the reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of useful protein products by secretion from yeast cells. In particular, it relates to the identification of supersecreting mutant yeast cells, isolation of the wild-type gene which complements the mutation, and construction of non-leaky, non-reverting supersecreting strains.

Abstract: A DNA segment contains a GAL1 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisae linked to a gene other than the galoctokinase gene, for directing the expression of the gene within a yeast cell.A GAL1 promoter portion of Saccharomyces cerevisae is linked to a foreign DNA segment for use in expressing a desired protein. Yeast cells containing the GAL1 promoter linked to a foreign DNA segment are grown in a medium containing glucose, wherein the yeast cells metabolize the glucose and are permitted to express a polypeptide when galactose is present in the medium.

Abstract: A cell culturing system, methods for the preparation thereof, and methods for affixing other biologically active moieties to a substrate are provided. Said cell culturing system comprises: a substrate; a coating thereon of a sterile formulation comprising polyphenolic protein containing from about 35 to 100% by weight pure bioadhesive polyphenolic protein having the repeating decapeptide unit: ##STR1##wherein N is a whole number ranging from about 10 to about 100, wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and hydrogen, and wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl; viable cells affixed to said coated substrate; and a nutritive medium contacting said cells, whereby said cells perform normal metabolic cell functions.

Abstract: A screening procedure is provided which utilizes a milk clotting assay for selecting supersecreting yeast cells for obtaining high yields of desired polypeptide products.Supersecreting yeast cells are provided as filed with American Type Culture Collection.Final polypeptide products are obtained from mutant yeast strains which have been screened as to secreting properties with supersecreters then cultured to obtain high yields.

Abstract: The thrombolytic effect of known plasminogen activators such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), prourokinase and modifications of t-PA and prourokinase is enhanced dramatically and unexpectedly when combined with streptokinase. The body is treated with a combination streptokinase and one or more plasminogen activators of the t-PA or prourokinase type to achieve an enhanced effect which has advantage in thrombolytic therapy including the treatment of myocardial infarction.

Abstract: A fibrin specific two-chain plasminogen activator in a therapeutic dosage form. A method is also provided for dissolving clots in vivo by application to the body of a fibrin specific two-chain plasminogen activator in therapeutic dosage form.

Abstract: An inhibition of calcium salt crystal is obtained by application of acidic glycoprotein to areas to be protected from deposits or accumulations of unwanted calcium salt crystal. The acidic glycoprotein is a potent inhibitor of calculus in the body.

Abstract: Yeast cells that express rennin or prorennin are used in disrupted cellular form to clot milk without the need for purification of the rennin or prorennin. Cheese making is simplified and reduced in cost by the avoidance of substantial purification techniques to obtain rennin or prorennin from living cells which produce these materials.

Abstract: Living cells containing genetic material derived from recombinant DNA material and capable of expressing rennin, pre-prorennin and prorennin. The rennin, pre-prorennin and prorennin are derived from cells which are themselves or have had parents thereof treated by recombinant DNA methods to allow production of the desired enzymatic proteins during growth in culture.

Abstract: A DNA segment containing a GAL1 promoter linked to a gene other than the galactokinase gene for directing the expression of the gene within a yeast cell.

Abstract: An immunoassay method utilizes antigen tagged, enzyme encapsulating liposomes which are immunospecifically ruptured in the presence of cognate antibody and active complement. A homogeneous phase reaction occurs with the antibody and complement acting to release the enzyme if an immunospecific antigen-antibody complex is formed at the surface of the liposome. The positions of the antigen and antibody can be reversed.

Abstract: A method of forming an analyte-functionalized liposome for use in immunoassay techniques employs a phosphotriester intermediate of a phospholipid derivatized with the desired analyte in a process of forming a liposome which is functionalized on its outer surface with the analyte and which carries an enzyme marker. The method is also used to functionalize the liposome with a ligand which acts as a leash between the analyte and the liposome. Liposomes produced by the method include penicillin-G-functionalized liposome.

Abstract: An immunoassay method utilizes antigen tagged, enzyme encapsulating liposomes which are immunospecifically ruptured in the presence of cognate antibody and active complement. A homogeneous phase reaction occurs with the antibody and complement acting to release the enzyme if an immunospecific antigen-antibody complex is formed at the surface of the liposome. The positions of the antigen and antibody can be reversed.