Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing dust from at least one nuclear fuel pellet (7) having undergone a grinding operation, which has left on the pellet surface dust of the material from which said pellet is formed. The process comprises subjecting said surface to the impact of a laser beam (3) having characteristics suitable for bringing about the disincrustation of the dust from said surface, and eliminating from said surface the products resulting from the dust disincrustation.The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing this process.Application to the dust removal from MOX pellets.