Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers.

Abstract: A thermoplastic container bottom is inertially spin welded into the interior of a cylindrical container body of paperboard internally lined with a layer of thermoplastic material. A body supporting mandrel has an expansible body engaging portion which is inserted into the body and subsequently expanded to define a cylindrical surface of a diameter exactly equal to that of the specified internal diameter of the body. A seating member at the end of the body supporting mandrel establishes the depth to which the container bottom is inserted into the body and is provided with a low-friction projecting resilient member which contacts the rotating bottom.

Abstract: The process for making thin wall containers from plastic resins described herein includes the step of heating the resin, placing the resin between a product mold and a preform mold, and closing the molds thereon. It also includes the steps of applying a differential pressure across the resin to force the resin into the preform mold and applying pressure on a movable piston in the preform mold that forces the resin relatively into the product mold. As pressure is applied internally of the product being formed, the container is shaped in the desired configuration and during such formation, is biaxially oriented to improve the strength characteristics of the container.

Abstract: A container made of an organic resin having improved vapor barrier characteristics is disclosed which achieves an improved barrier by the placement thereon of a thin coating of an inorganic material.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers. The process comprises the steps of continuously introducing a feed comprising a predetermined ratio of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers into a reaction vessel to produce a reaction mixture; subjecting the reaction mixture to conditions of temperature and pressure under which said monomers copolymerize to produce a styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer; subjecting the reaction mixture to sufficient agitation; continuously withdrawing styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer from the reaction vessel; and devolatilizing the styrenic/alkenylnitrile withdrawn from the reaction vessel by a two-stage procedure including first adjusting the ratio of styrenic to alkenylnitrile monomer therein followed by heating to volatilize the volatile components and then separation of volatile components.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers. The process comprises the steps of continuously introducing a feed comprising a predetermined ratio of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers into a reaction vessel to produce a reaction mixture; subjecting the reaction mixture to conditions of temperature and pressure under which said monomers copolymerize to produce a styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer; subjecting the reaction mixture to agitation; continuously withdrawing styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer from the reaction vessel; and by withdrawing vapor phase from the reaction vessel in a controlled amount by varying the amount of cooled surface available for condensing the vapors, condensing the vapors by contact with the cooled surface and returning the condensate to the reaction vessel. The process and apparatus also include a novel means for devolatilizing the product copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers. The process comprises the steps of continuously introducing a feed comprising a predetermined ratio of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers into a reaction vessel to produce a reaction mixture; subjecting the reaction mixture to conditions of temperature and pressure under which said monomers copolymerize to produce a styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer; subjecting the reaction mixture to sufficient agitation; continuously withdrawing styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer from the reaction vessel; and devolatilizing the styrenic/alkenylnitrile withdrawn from the reaction vessel by a two-stage procedure including first adjusting the ratio of styrenic to alkenylnitrile monomer therein followed by heating to volatilize the volatile components and then separation of volatile components.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for the formation of pipe comprising one or more layers of thermoplastic resin. The apparatus comprises a die housing having a bore therethrough with a mandrel longitudinally supported within the bore by radial members extending from the inside surface of the bore to provide an annular extrusion passageway defined by the inside surface of the housing and the outer surface of the mandrel. The housing includes therein a plurality of electrically resistive heating elements longitudinally positioned parallel to the extrusion passageway to selectively heat the thermoplastic material flowing therethrough in proximity to the heated section thereby increasing the laydown of thermoplastic material. Also included in the housing is plurality of radially adjustable elements having electrically resistive heating elements therein to radially reposition a moveable discharge sleeve held therebetween thereby controlling the wall thickness of the thermoplastic material passing in proximity thereto.

Abstract: An expandable polymeric styrene particle is provided from which molded foamed articles can be produced exhibiting reduced flammability characteristics. The expandable polymeric styrene particle contains a blowing agent, a minor amount of pentaerythritol tetrastearate and a minor amount of hexabromocyclododecane. The additives can be incorporated during impregnation with the blowing agent or by blending with the expandable particles after impregnation.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers. The process comprises the steps of continuously introducing a feed comprising a predetermined ratio of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers into a reaction vessel to produce a reaction mixture; subjecting the reaction mixture to conditions of temperature and pressure under which said monomers copolymerize to produce a styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer; subjecting the reaction mixture to agitation; continuously withdrawing styrenic/alkenylnitrile copolymer from the reaction vessel; and by withdrawing vapor phase from the reaction vessel in a controlled amount by varying the amount of cooled surface available for condensing the vapors, condensing the vapors by contact with the cooled surface and returning the condensate to the reaction vessel. The process and apparatus also include a novel means for devolatilizing the product copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for the continuous mass polymerization of styrenic and alkenylnitrile monomers.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic compounds from a paraffin containing feedstock in which the feedstock is passed to a reaction zone into contact with a multi-component catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a discreet physical mixture of a silicalite homologation catalyst and a metal or metal oxide dehydrogenation catalyst. The process is carried out to cause the dehydrogenation of paraffins to olefins, the oligomerization of olefins to cyclic napthenes and the aromatization of the napthenes. Reaction conditions and relative catalyst concentrations to provide a relationship between the thermodynamic constraint for the dehydrogenation of the paraffins and the balancing of the kinetics of the dehydrogenation and oligomerization reactions to limit the olefin concentration to a value which does not result in substantial coking of the catalyst system.

Abstract: The apparatus for making thin-walled containers from plastic resins includes a heater for raising the temperature of the resin sheet, a product mold and a preform mold located in axial alignment and movable relative together. The preform mold includes a reciprocal piston that is arranged, when the molds are closed on the resin sheet, to be moved in response to fluid pressure to force the sheet into the product mold while gas pressure is applied to the interior of the sheet to force the resin sheet into the final product configuration. The elongation of the sheet by the piston and the radial deformation caused by the gas, biaxially orient the material to increase the strength of the container.

Abstract: A thermoplastic end (110), particularly a bottom, for a container which has upstanding paperboard sidewalls (112) and which is inertially spinwelded onto the paperboard sidewall for bonding. The end portion (110) has an annular groove (148) for snugly receiving the sidewall (112) and a wall configuration (136, 138, 140, 142 and 144) which minimizes the forces exerted on the bond which would tend to dislodge the end portion. The wall configuration is generally in the form of an inverted U-shape with a portion of an upstanding wall of the U forming a side of the annular groove. The end portion has strengthening ribs (122) positioned generally within the region of U-shape and additional radial ribs imparting strength and rigidity to the container end. The paperboard sidewall may be internally lined with a layer of thermoplastic material or may be unlined.