Abstract: Disclosed herein are system and methods for issuance and circulation of electronic currency, as well as a payment system based on use of the aforementioned electronic currency. In one exemplary aspect, the system includes a management module configured to: create and manage one or more wallets of electronic currency; manage information about a reserve substantiating the electronic currency, wherein the reserve comprises one or more tangible or intangible assets; and record electronic currency transactions in a settlement network, wherein the settlement network carries out transactions and stores data describing said transactions; and an issuance center configured to carry out centralized issuance of the electronic currency and its controlled release into circulation in the settlement network, wherein the amount of the issued electronic currency released into circulation in the settlement network is equal to or less than the amount of the reserve substantiating it.