Abstract: An electrolyser consisting of a stack of elemental cells, the said stack being located in a horizontal tubular enclosure.The enclosure consists of a fixed vertical baseplate (2) and of a tubular envelope (1) mounted upon the horizontal bed (8) of the apparatus by way of supporting rollers (7). The body of the stack (4) is supported during the opening operation by chocks (12) and by supporting rollers.The invention is made use of for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by means of industrial electrolyzers.

Abstract: An electrolysis installation such as an installation intended for the industrial production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water under pressure having separate anolyte and catholyte flow circuits is provided with an electrolyzer (1) equipped with diaphragms which are permeable to liquids and impermeable to gases and is further provided with means, such as the flow control devices (18, 3) enabling a partial transfer of electrolyte to be effected from each catholyte compartment to the corresponding anolyte compartment, in such a manner as to preserve similar electrolyte densities for each of the anolyte and catholyte flow circuits.

Abstract: The apparatus is constituted by a rotatable drum (1). The solid materials and the hot gases coming from a burner (6) flow in the same direction. The drum has an introduction zone (16), a transfer zone (17), an intermediate zone (18) and a zone (19) for hot mixing of aggregates and bituminous materials. The intermediate zone (18) has a first part in which lifting paddles (28) disposed on the inner wall of the drum (1) allow a continuous curtain of materials to be formed over the whole section of the drum (1) and a second part into which the solid materials degradable at high temperature are introduced. In this second part, the drum (1) has a second inner casing (31) coaxial with its outer casing (1), equipped inside with lifting paddles (32).The invention is particularly applicable to producing coated products for road use, from recycled materials.

Abstract: A casing for the n intermeshing screws of a treatment machine has an internal wall comprising n adjacent cylindrical sectors each subtending an angle A, having a radius r, and covering one screw over that part of the periphery which is outside the penetration zone of the screws. The casing is made from n shells, each of which has an internal face in the form of a cylindrical sector of radius r and subtending an angle B, which is less than A, and n guide bars, each of which possesses two concave faces forming a V and which are in the form of cylindrical sectors of radius r and subtending an angle ##EQU1## and the axes of which are parallel and spaced apart by a distance e equal to the distance between the axes of the screws. Each shell is fixed to two guide bars in such a way that its axis coincides with the axes of the corresponding concave faces of the said guide bars.

Abstract: The heat exchanger comprises a vertical outer cylindrical shell of substantial length, a distributor for supplying the internal space of the shell with liquid sodium, at least one tube bundle placed within the shell for circulating water in heat-exchange relation with the sodium and means for maintaining an inert gas atmosphere above a predetermined free level of liquid sodium. The top and bottom tube ends are fitted with thermal sleeves for joining them to the lateral wall of the shell and passing them through this latter. The distributor is placed within the shell above the tube bundle between the top end of said bundle and the free level of liquid sodium.

Abstract: The device includes in a rotary cylindrical drum (1) a zone for transfer and heating (11) where the inner surface of the drum (1) is fitted with sections of blades (17) wound in a spiral across the drum (1). These blades (17) arranged projecting with respect to the inner surface of the drum (1), by their edges remote from the drum support baffleplates (18) in a longitudinal direction. The drum (1) likewise exhibits an isolation and drying zone (12) where the inner surface of the drum (1) is fitted with lifter devices (20-21) having a high retention capacity for lifting materials (25) up to the upper portion of the drum (1) and the formation by falling back of these materials (25) of a continuous screen isolating the flame (5) of the burner (4) from the next zone of the drum (1).

Abstract: Electrolysis unit such as a unit, for producing hydrogen and oxygen industrially by the electrolysis of water under pressure, includes a flow regulating apparatus (49) in each of the circuits (24, 23) connecting the anolyte and catholyte outlets (20, 21) of the electrolyzer (19) to the degassers (25, 34), and a flow-control apparatus (49) ensuring concomitant variations in the anolyte flow and catholyte flow.

Abstract: An armored vehicle comprising a motor, roller members and a transmission for transmitting drive from the motor to the roller members. The vehicle comprises a body including a highly armored main central cell surrounding the personnel and essential mechanical members of the motor and transmission, and a much lighter exterior protection surrounding the main cell and extending beyond the roller members.

Abstract: The device includes a rigid stay-bar which is bent so as to reproduce approximately the shape of the forward part of the boat, at least one of the ends of which is connected to a torsion-bar fixed onto the grating and arranged transversely with respect to the boat. The bent central portion of the stay-bar rests against a rigid bearing surface integral with the forward portion of the boat. The stay-bar ensures the holding in position of the forward portion of the boat due to the elastic force exerted by the torsion-bar, which opposes the forces exerted by the waves to lift the forward portion of the boat.

Abstract: Improvements in multiflow refining blastpipes for equipping converters for refining and including at least two concentric tubes 1 and 3, which define between them an annular gap 4 and an annular ring 8 connected by welding onto the outer tube 3, which consist in arranging at the end of the outer tube 3 which is located next to the inlet for the fluids into the blastpipe, a shoulder 12 prolonged by a cylindrical portion 13 which defines an annular chamber 14 for the introduction of a protective fluid, and in arranging the annular ring 8 on the said cylindrical portion 13.

Abstract: An electrolyzer consisting of a stack of elemental electrolytic cells held between two end plates connected by tie rods.Each tie rod (9) is associated with a hydraulic jack (20) enabling variable tightening by remote control. A displacement pick-up (16) and a pressure pick-up (17) supply signals (25,26) to a force and position control cabinet (18).The invention is made use of in the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water.

Abstract: An alloy which is resistant to high temperature oxidation includes by weight 15 to 30% of chromium, at least 10% of nickel, at least 20% of iron, 4 to 6% of aluminum and at least 0.001% of at least one metal belonging to the group formed by the rare earths and metals in the same category, such as yttrium and scandium.

Abstract: Iron-base alloys having a high elastic limit after quenching and ageing and resistant to corrosion by seawater, have the following composition, by weight:______________________________________ C less than 0.15% Mn less than 2% Si less than 1.5% S + P less than 0.03% Ni 34-40% Cr 16-21% Co 6-18% Mo 2-3.5% Al less than 0.25% Ti 2.5-3.5% W less than 2% B less than 0.

Abstract: The electrolysis cell, e.g. for use in the construction of an electrolyzer for the production of hydrogen on an industrial scale, comprises an alternate series of electrodes 1 to 7 and plane diaphragms 8 to 13, which are parallel and separated from one another by spaces 58 in which an electrolyte can circulate between inlets 16, 17 located on one face 14 of the cell and the outlets 18, 19 located on an opposite face 15 of the cell. The inlet and outlet faces 14, 15 of the cell are parallel to the electrodes and the inlets and outlets communicate with inlet and outlet channels 21 to 23 which extend perpendicular to the electrodes and are connected together by passages between the electrodes and diaphragms, alternate passages being connected to different inlets for different polarity electrolytes.

Abstract: An improved construction for the refining gas passage of a tuyere for use in refining molten metal in a converter. The transverse section of the refining gas passage has a continuous outer enclosure and a central opening defining a plurality of radially extending branches whose total perimeter exceeds the circumference of a circle having an area equivalent to the central opening.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is an improvement in chromizing methods, constituted by a method of chromizing steels to a depth e greater than 30 microns, usable for steels with a carbon content of at least 0.2%, especially for steels for construction work and steels for tools, characterized by the combination of three successive treatments, the first of these three treatments consisting of an ionic nitriding of a surface layer between 100 and 350 microns thick, this ionic nitriding being realized in an atmosphere constituted by a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen, at a temperature of between 450.degree. C. and 650.degree. C., for between 5 and 40 hours, so as to obtain between 1.5% and 2.5% nitrogen in the nitrided layer, the second of these treatments consisting of a chromizing by gaseous method forming chromium carbides, lasting between 5 and 30 hours, and realized at temperatures of between 850.degree. C. and 1,100.degree. C.

Abstract: The continuous treatment of a cellulosic material in the form of chips to produce at least partial delignification of the material without true mechanical grinding is effected in apparatus comprising two parallel meshing screws which are rotated in the same direction in a sheath and have identical threads providing a plurality of zones of different pitch. The material is passed in succession through a first zone for feeding the material downstream, a first braking zone for causing a first compression of the material, a second zone for feeding the material downstream and in which the material is brought into contact with a reagent, e.g. steam or a chemical reagent, and a second braking zone for causing a second compression of the material.

Abstract: The measurement of temperature and the sampling of a steel bath in a converter are effected using a remotely controlled device comprising a composite probe or two probes for temperature measurement and sampling, the probe being mounted on the end of a measurement rod fixed to the end telescopic element of a telescopic jack which is pivotally mounted on a carriage mounted for movement on a support suspended above the working platform of the converter. The carriage is horizontally movable between a storage position and a position opposite the mouth of the converter and the jack is pivotal in a vertical plane between a vertical storage position and an inclined operative position with the converter. All movements of the jack and carriage are remotely controlled.

Abstract: A high capacity crane comprises a structure which is rotatable about a vertical axis on a corner frame supported on the ground and which supports a jib for raising a load and a counter-jib from which is suspended a counter-weight, the counter-weight being connected to the structure, wherein the counter-weight has a mass such that it cannot be raised from the ground by the load but is movable along the ground by means of an air cushion located beneath the counter-weight and connected to a compressed air supply and apparatus for regulating the pressure of the air supplied thereto.

Abstract: A continuous vertical casting line includes an elongated vertical casing of U-shaped section with a continuous casting mold at the upper end of the casing. Within the casing are rotatable support rings for supporting guiding rollers along the axis of the blank cast by the casting mold. The roller portion of the casing supports an extractor in the form of a single pair of extraction rollers. The extraction rollers are mounted on a support rotatable by a mechanism in a stationary base. The roller support is removably retained on its base, and the base is removably retained in the casing. The arrangement permits substantial reduction in weight of the casting line and simplifies both the construction of the casting line and the removal and replacement of components.