Abstract: A method for bandwidth adjustment for real-time video transmission includes: transmitting, by a sender, a first portion of the video bitstream encoded using a current bitrate and transmitted as a series of data packets, receiving, by the sender, a back channel message from a receiver, in which the back channel message includes receiver-side bandwidth parameters determined by the receiver in response to receiving the series of data packets, in which the receiver-side bandwidth parameters include at least one of an accumulated time difference parameter, a received bitrate parameter, a packet loss ratio parameter, a bandwidth indicator parameter, and an FEC ratio parameter, adjusting, by the sender using the processor, the current bitrate for encoding the video bitstream based on the receiver-side bandwidth parameters, and transmitting, to the receiver, a second portion of the video bitstream encoded using the adjusted current bitrate.

Abstract: A method for initial estimation of bandwidth for real-time video transmission is disclosed herein. The method comprises determining a round trip delay between a video sender and a video receiver, transmitting, by the sender starting from a first point in time, a series of data packets having a packet size based on a predetermined encoder bitrate, receiving, by the sender and at a second point in time, a message from the receiver, wherein the received message comprises a parameter indicative of a total number of bits received by the receiver, determining, by the sender using a processor, an initial estimated bandwidth, based on the received parameter, the first and second points in time, and the round trip delay, and transmitting, to the receiver, a video bitstream using the initial estimated bandwidth. The method can be implemented during a process of establishing a call between the sender and the receiver.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods for decoding and encoding a video stream having a plurality of frames using a ring (circular) buffer are disclosed. When decoding, a decoder can receive packets from an encoder and store them in a circular buffer. The circular buffer can store packets until packets comprising complete frames are received. Storing multiple partial or complete frames in a circular buffer removes jitter and permits forward error correction to proceed by efficiently assembling complete frames and minimizing delay.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for decoding a video sequence includes: receiving, by a ring buffer of the computer device, a packet associated with a frame of the video sequence; based on a determination that the frame occurs later in time than the most recent frame outputted from the ring buffer, determining whether the frame is stored in the ring buffer; when the frame is stored in the ring buffer, determining whether all packets associated with the frame have been received by the ring buffer; and when all packets associated with the frame have been received by the ring buffer and a preceding frame has been outputted from the ring buffer, outputting the frame from the ring buffer, where the preceding frame occurs immediately prior to the frame in the video sequence.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods for decoding and encoding a video stream having multiple frames includes: when decoding, a decoder receives messages from an encoder. The encoder permits the decoder to determine network parameters including bandwidth. The network parameters are returned to the encoder using back channel messages. The encoder determines optimal encoding parameters based on the network parameters. Back channel messages are exchanged between decoder and encoder while the video stream is being decoded to permit the encoder to adapt encoding parameters to changing network conditions.

Abstract: Method for connecting multiple devices associated with an Internet of Things (IoT) network is provided. The method includes the steps of associating a first device identifier of a first device with a first account name and a second device identifier of at least a second device with a second account name, where each device is associated with at least one device identifier for each account name, authenticating each device with a server associated with the IoT network using the corresponding account name and the associated device identifier, determining whether the first account name and the second account name belong to the same group in response to authenticating the first device and the second device and connecting the first device and the second device for management and information exchange based on the determination whether the first and second account names belong to the same group.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for management of an Internet of Things (IoT) network are herein disclosed as comprising, in an implementation, authenticating a first device associated with a first account name and a second device associated with a second account name with a server associated with the IoT network, connecting the authenticated first device and the authenticated second device over a communication system, and communicating data between the first device and the second device connected to the communication system by generating, by the first device, data representative of a data type using a component of one of the first device and the second device and transmitting, using the communication system, the data to the second device. The communicated data may be video data, image data, audio data, alert data, or location data generated using components associated with the first device.