Abstract: A process is described for the chemical metallization of textile fibers or textile fibrous structures by treating the textile fibrous structure with an activating solution, removing excess activating agent, and without any further intermediate treatment, bringing the fiber into contact with a chemical metallizing solution.

Abstract: A welding and backing ring arrangement for the connecting of two cylindrical enclosure parts of a flameproof enclosure of an electric cell having stacks of electrodes arranged symmetrically to the weld seam is described. The ring consists of a rectangular hollow profile section (box profile) with an outwardly directed, approximately equatorially arranged collar. The ring is advantageously produced from two identical ring halves which are connected mirror-invertedly and the meridian cross-section of which has a hat profile. To relieve the weight, the axially perpendicular areas may be provided with breakthroughs. The wall thickness of the welding ring is to be approximately 50% of the wall thickness of the flameproof enclosure.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of catalyst electrodes with structurally connected carrier bodies, in which an excess of catalyst suspension is applied to the surface of the carrier body which thereafter is centrifuged off by rotation of the carrier body about an axis disposed perpendicularly to its surface. An aqueous suspension with Raney nickel as catalyst, which is particularly suitable as an example for the use in the coating method, has a dynamic viscosity of 10,000 to 50,000 mPa . s at a temperature of 20.degree. C. as well as a solids content of 55 to 75% by weight. An extraordinarily uniform coating can be acheived with the method of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the chemical metallization of sheetlike textile substrates, in particular, of non-woven or needle felt webs, in which the substrates are activated and subsequently electrolessly metallized in a reductant-containing metallization solution in a horizontal attitude or at an angle of up to 20.degree. with the horizontal. The hydrogen which appears as a by-product in the course of the metallization can, as a result, escape particularly simply and rapidly from the substrate, so that uniform metallization of the fibers of the substrate can take place across the entire thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: A fiber structure-electrode framework of metallized plastic fibers with reinforced edge and with welded-on current-conducting lug, in which the current-conducting lug is provided with one or several steps on the side abutting at the fiber framework. The electrode framework is so connected with the current-conducting lug that the reinforced edge of the electrode framework is located inside of an area whose boundaries lie at the distance of double the lug thickness on both sides of the step. The fiber structure-electrode framework which is compressed in the stepped area reaches its full thickness continuously approximately to the end of the step.

Abstract: A fiber structure-electrode framework of metallized plastic fibers with reinforced edge and with welded-on current-conducting lug in which the current-conducting lug is provided along the edge abutting at the fiber framework with an essentially steplessly terminating chamfer that forms an angle of 10.degree. to 50.degree. with the lug. The welded connection of the fiber framework with the current-conducting lug starts 1 to 3 mm. above the beginning of the chamfer on the non-chamfered part of the current-conducting lug and the fiber framework starting from the strongly compressed part which carries the welding seam, tapering on both sides approximately continuously to the full thickness of the fiber structure.

Abstract: A metallized synthetic resin fiber electrode structure is described, based on a nonwoven fabric, with a porosity of 85-96% and a fiber thickness of 10-30 .mu.m, determined, respectively, in the nonmetallized condition, wherein the nonmetallized nonwoven fabric is characterized by the following strength properties. The quotient of the flexural stiffness according to DIN 53 362 (cantilever test) and the square of the nonwoven fabric thickness according to DIN 53 855 ranges between 80 and 400 cN. The deformation of a sample stack in the 5th cycle under 200 N in the compression test according to DIN 54 305 amounts to 6-18 mm. The force required to obtain half the achieved deformation amounts to 30-70 N. Polypropylene needle felts are preferred having a metallic coating of 0.1-10 .mu.m, especially 1-6 .mu.m. The electrode structures according to this invention can also be manufactured with larger thicknesses and permit production of rugged electrodes having reproducible properties.

Abstract: The welding ring described connects two housing parts of an electrical battery with electrode stacks arranged symmetrically relative to the welding seam. The ring is provided with spring tongues pointing radially inward and axially upward and downward which hold the electrode end plates on their end faces against an appropriately shaped bearing point so as to center them and retain them in their axial position. This arrangement makes it easier to weld the housing and prevents welding beads from penetrating into the container. Also, additional retention of the electrode stack is ensured.

Abstract: A centrifugal coupling with fly elements pressable against the internal surface of a friction drum contact to spring biasing forces wherein the fly elements each include at least two concentric partial weights mutually connected by radially-acting compression springs. The radial stroke of the inner partial weight or weights is limited by a primary side stop, so that from a specific predetermined speed any further increase in the centrifugal force from the inner partial weight directly acting upon the outer partial weight is prevented. The partial weights are further provided with check ramps, inclined in the circumferential direction, for a driver pin mounted on the primary side in order to give the torque curve of the coupling an optimum configuration. In some embodiments the check ramp on the outer partial weight may be replaced by a lever mounted on the primary side which transforms the force generated by the inner partial weight into a centripetal force acting upon the outer partial weight.

Abstract: A charging device for traction batteries of an electric vehicle consists of a converter module with at least two d.c. blocking converters, each including a control power transistor, a cutoff relief circuit, and a power transformer. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected in series with a rectifier diode and a smoothing capacitor is connected in parallel to the series circuit. The parallel-connected secondary sides of the two blocking converters are connected in such a way that the one secondary winding on the one hand is connected to the negative output terminal and on the other hand by way of one rectifier diode to the positive output terminal. Another secondary winding is connected on the one hand to the positive output terminal and, on the other hand, by way of another rectifier diode to the negative output terminal. A relief circuit composed of diodes is provided on the secondary side of the transformer.

Abstract: A hydrogen electrode for batteries or galvanic cells in which a first section of the electrode has relatively large pores and serves for the transport of hydrogen and a second section with relatively small pores containing Raney-nickel catalyst. According to the invention, the electrode consists of a metallized fibrous substrate, for example a felt of carbon or textile fibers, with relatively large intrinsic porosity. The Raney-nickel is introduced into this felt from the outside by one of a variety of methods, for example immersion in a vibrating powder bed, by suction of a liquid suspension of Raney-nickel powder or by the application of a paste containing Raney-nickel or a starting alloy therefor.

Abstract: An additive for the iron electrodes of alkaline batteries which prevents and counteracts the tendency of iron electrodes to become passive and ineffective. The additive consists of sulfide, selenide or telluride which is sparingly soluble in the electrolyte and has a decomposition potential more electronegative than the final charging potential of the iron electrode. The additive may be placed in the active electrode material during manufacture but may also be placed in the battery during or after manufacture, for example in tablet form. The additive may also be introduced in a manner permitting subsequent activation by electrochemical methods. A number of examples is presented.

Abstract: An electrolyte glass for use as the solid electrolyte in high-temperature galvanic batteries, for example a sodium-sulfur battery. The glass electrolyte has relatively low resistivity and high corrosion resistance and is easily worked by glass manufacturing techniques. The composition of the glass electrolyte according to the invention is defined by xNa.sub.2 O.multidot.ySiO.sub.2 .multidot.zAl.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A sodium-sulfur battery in which the sulfur or sulfur-containing positive electrode material is contained in a number of sealed tubes made from a sodium ion-conducting glass electrolyte. The tubes are placed and electrically conducted in parallel and immersed in the sodium constituting the negative electrode. Each of the capillary tubes contains a sealed-in electrical contact wire which passes through an appropriate closure plate to constitute the positive pole of the battery. A number of embodiments is described. The invention also describes the method of construction of the battery.

Abstract: The heat transfer in a nickel-oxide/hydrogen battery cell is substantially improved by increasing the thermal conductivity in the axial direction of the electrode stack. This improvement in thermal conductivity is due principally to the construction of the negative electrode containing catalyst as an integral part of the gas diffusion element, thus reducing the number of components in an electrode unit of the battery stack from six to four.

Abstract: A centrifugal clutch which includes two clutch halves and at least one centrifugal weight, which is lockable to one of the clutch halves in a free-wheel position by way of springs so as to permit relative rotation between the clutch halves. At least one driver is provided in one of the clutch halves for driving the at least one centrifugal weight in two rotational directions about an axis of rotation of the centrifugal clutch. The centrifugal weight is displaceable, upon overcoming a pretensioning force of the springs, under the influence of a centrifugal force so as to move from the free-wheel position to an engaged position. In the free-wheel position, the at least one centrifugal weight has a predetermined play in the two rotational directions relative to the driver.

Abstract: A structural unit for an electric vehicle which includes a box-like slide-in unit containing the electrical, electronic, and electro-mechanical structural elements for the control and regulation of the operating currents and voltages. The slide-in unit which is adapted to be securely connected with the vehicle, consists of a box-shaped slide-in tray provided with guide arrangement and of a support frame also provided with guide arrangement and adapted to be securely fastened at the vehicle. For purposes of establishing the electrical contacts, complementary plug-in contacts are arranged at corresponding places of the support frame and of the box-like slide-in unit whereby the top cover plate is removable at the slide-in unit and the front plate thereof is adapted to be tilted down while the slide-in unit itself is held in the support frame by means of clamping bolts.

Abstract: A galvanic cell comprising at least one rechargeable zinc electrode as anode, at least one other electrode as cathode, an electrolyte, and at least one foraminous electrically conductive auxiliary structure interposed between every anode and cathode. The auxiliary structure is galvanically separated from the electrodes of the cell and macroscopically visible electrolyte zinc deposition from the cell electrolyte thereon is only observed at potentials which are more negative than on a smooth nickel structure.

Abstract: A drive by means of an electric motor for trackless vehicles, in which the rotational speed adjustment takes place by changing the field energization of the electric motor, and with a separating clutch connected behind the motor as well as a changespeed transmission having at least two speeds in the forward driving direction. An energizing current controller for the field winding is provided whose energizing current-desired value is predetermined by another current controller to which are fed, on the one hand, the actual value of the armature current and, on the other, a desired value which is determined by the drive and/or brake pedal when the separating clutch is not actuated, and which is automatically determined by a synchronizing controller or is set to zero during the actuation of the separating clutch.

Abstract: A rechargeable galvanic cell has a housing containing at least one negative zinc electrode, at least one positive metal oxide or oxygen electrode, an alkaline electrolyte, at least one electrically conductive auxiliary structure exhibiting low hydrogen overvoltage, for cathodic hydrogen evolution which is not conductively connected with the electrodes, and at least one microporous separator for separating said auxiliary structure from at least one of said electrodes. The structure simultaneously acts as an auxiliary electrode to effect afterdischarging of the zinc electrode when connected thereto and as a dendrite barrier to prevent short-circuiting between the negative and positive electrodes during operation of said cell and is arranged between one positive electrode and one negative electrode.