Abstract: There is provided a process and system for the memory-saving programming of he motional actions of a robot wherein a reference course is recorded first in the form of samples, which are then stored. For reducing the storage space, the recorded and stored samples are transformed into a Fourier matrix .sub.0 C by means of a Fourier analysis. Said matrix is then filed in a memory. From this Fourier matrix .sub.0 C, it is possible to derive Fourier matrices for courses with the same configuration, but with any desired position and orientation solely by a linear transformation of the coordinates in the form of a Fourier matrix .sub.1 C. With the help of the dynamical model of the robot used, the derived Fourier matrix .sub.1 C can be modified with adjustment to the desired speed, so as to compensate for the dynamical errors in the motional actions of the robot.

Abstract: PID characteristics of a closed-loop type controller compensation network for a hydraulic pulsing machine coupled with a test specimen are adjusted by determining the closed-loop stability locus of the network and adjusting PID characteristics until the stability locus is located at a desired position.

Abstract: A ring laser particularly for a ring laser type of gyro in which the ring ser includes three corner mirrors and a separate gas discharge tube arranged in a recess in a block. The gas discharge tube is mounted on the block longitudinally of the beam path by at least one piezo electric drive. The modulation amplitude of the separated beam portion is measured by a control circuit and is converted into a high voltage adjustment signal for the drive as a function of the modulation amplitude. Two drives may be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge tube and these can be controlled independently of each other. Although the beam path may be displaced as a result of thermal expansion and/or bending of the block, the gas discharge tube may be kept exactly coaxial with the beam which traverses it.

Abstract: A steam-generator control method is proposed for controlling the mass flows f an oxidant and a fuel which are supplied for combustion. In order to control the flows at stoichiometric ratios with a required accuracy, the controlled variables are established by the measurements of the mass flows and their comparison with theoretically predetermined stoichiometric ratios. Measurement errors are defined continuously through a combustion-gas analysis, conducted by means of a probe after the combustion. The errors are used for the correction of the controlled variables. The time constant of the correction is smaller than the time constant of dynamic changes of the errors.

Abstract: In the inventive interferometers, based on the principle of Michelson, an teration of pathlength is obtained through rotation of a movable mirror, where this mirror is a retroreflector; or an eccentricaly rotating retroreflector laterally deviates a non centric, impinging beam more or less, depending on the angular position of the retroreflector and directs said beam through a fixed wedge of refractive material, whose index of refraction is different from the index of refraction of air. Hence with the inventive interferometers no mechanical back and forth movement of a mirror or wedge is performed. Interferometers of this kind can be used for spectroscopy in a wide region of the electromagnetic spectrum; examples are the spectral analysis in chemistry or the astronomy (for instance in the infrared region).

Abstract: A system and method for nagivating using satellites for transmitting coded ime signals as well as additional data for the purpose of determining position, locating operations, navigation, etc., which includes, transmitting only a time signal consisting of an identification code from a plurality of orbiting navigational satellites directly to users, and distributing any data required for determining position, locating operations and navigation as well as any data on orbiting satellites and ground stations by transmission from a small number of synchronous satellites positioned in geosynchronous orbit, to users. Data from the synchronous satellites may be transmitted to users, together with a time signal, at precisely the same frequency at which the navigational satellites emit their time signals.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling the air flow past an aerodynamic profile, (such as an aerofoil surface of a wing, tail plane, or fuselage of an aircraft or missile, a propeller, helicopter rotor, or blading of a turbo-engine fan or wind impeller) by providing a number of orifices of small diameter spaced apart in the profile surface in the longitudinal direction of the profile transversely to the direction of air flow over the profile and to the chordwise direction of the profile. Fluid is either discharged or drawn in through the orifices perpendicularly to the air flow in the region of separation of laminar flow. The orifices have a coefficient of flow (i.e., either a discharge or an intake coefficient) C.sub.Q =(V/FV) of up to 10.sup.-4 for a Reynolds Number less than 3.times.10.sup.6, where v=volume flow of the fluid through the discharge orifices, F=profile area and V=velocity of the air stream flowing over the wing or blade.

Abstract: A piezoceramic servo-drive for producing translational and angular moveme especially for application to ring laser mirrors, and including piezo discs arranged in a column. The discs are polarised in such a way that the direction of extension of the column and the direction of the electrical field lie in parallel. The discs are provided on one side with a complete contact surface and on the other side are divided into electrically separate contact segments which are provided with separate electrical connections.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe outlet is surrounded by a jacket part having an inlet of ger diameter, permitting air to be drawn into the jacket part to isolate it from contact with the hot exhaust gases. Blocking air may be injected at the downstream end of the jacket part.

Abstract: A new high energy chemical complex is provided formed from metastable hel fixed on ammonia (HE.sub.m NH.sub.3), so that the metastable helium electron is captured so as to be held in the "L" layer of the metastable helium atom.The process for producing the He.sub.m NH.sub.3 complex comprises the following steps: excitation of helium to create metastable helium; deposition of metastable helium on NH.sub.3 to form the complex; and accumulation or condensation of the product.The invention finds a particular application as a propellant in the aerospace field.

Abstract: Electrohydraulic regulating device, particularly for aircraft controls, iuding a regulating cylinder having a regulating piston therein capable of being loaded at either end thereof for the positioning of which necessary volumes of operating fluid can be supplied separately to either end space of the cylinder by means of magnetically-operable valves; a computer by which switch pulses of variable duration to be fed to the magnetically-operable valves are determined in dependence on the specified adjustment distance of the regulating piston; restrictors which determine the throughput of operating fluid through the magnetically-operable valves and sensors which after the switching of a respective magnetically-operable valve generate electrical signals which are fed back to the computer purely as a confirmation of operation. The restrictors are so arranged in an operating fluid circuit that, on movement of the piston, operating fluid flows through only one of the restrictors.

Abstract: Apparatus for receiving electromagnetic radiation at various angles of incidence including an optical element for guiding the radiation upon a radiation detector, and magnetic drive means for adjusting the position of the optical element, characterized by the provision of a shock-resistant suspension for the magnet in the form of a plurality of linear elements in the form of coplanar taut wires or resilient bands that extend radially outwardly from and coplanar with the magnet, together with a plurality of stationary coils arranged circumferentially about the magnet, whereby the magnet can be pivoted about pivot axes, respectively, contained in the plane, and also be displaced in a direction normal to the plane (i.e., in the Z-direction).

Abstract: The invention relates to a hot-gas generating burner comprising a nozzle charging a fuel jet which then enters a mixing tube, and an orifice plate surrounding the outlet of the nozzle. The casing of the burner is divided by the orifice plate into an upstream-disposed precombustion chamber which includes the nozzle, and a downstream combustion chamber which contains the mixing tube. The orifice has a central passage for the fuel jet which is discharged from the nozzle and a number of openings surrounding the passage. In order to reduce the noise concomitant with the operation of the burner, the spacing between the peripheries of the neighboring openings equals at least 50% of the diameter of the openings, and/or the openings in the orifice plate are associated with at least one air duct in the direction of flow.

Abstract: A ring laser, especially for a ring laser type of gyro, comprising a block roduced from a thermally and mechanically highly-stable ceramic glass and three corner mirrors. At least one of the mirrors can be tilted about an axis by a servo-drive and one of the mirrors is a semi-transparent separating mirror, behind which is arranged a photo-detector in the beam path of the separated beam portion of one of the rotating wave trains. The photo-detector may at least be one photo-diode which is arranged in such a way that it gives an output signal proportional to the position of the beam, as a function of which an adjustment signal is formed for the servo-drive of the tiltable mirror. Two photo-diodes can be provided alongside or on top of each other in the plane of the beam. The photo-diodes are in the form of a differential photo-diode. In order to eliminate errors, one of the corner mirrors is tiltable about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the beam path.

Abstract: A removable core for use in the production of tubular structures from fibre einforced resin materials. The body of the core is composed of a foam material which softens or collapses under the action of heat sufficient to cure the resin material but is hard and cross-sectionally dimensionally stable under less heat than that. The core is provided on the outside with a heat shrunk plastic tube or hose which closely embraces the foam body and serves as a coating therefor, thereby enhancing the rigidity and stability of shape of the core and imparting thereto a smooth surface.

Abstract: A gas burner capable of heating a gas to a high temperature and pressure is isclosed. The burner utilizes a mixing canal to mix the fuel and oxidiser gases and a conically enlarging recess at the exit of the mixing canal. In the recess are both several intake openings for the gas to be heated which openings extend from feeder canals that are parallel to the mixing canal and a side canal leading to an ignition mechanism. The intake openings provide a gas-dynamic blockage of the fuel and oxidiser gas mixture.

Abstract: In order to achieve efficient refueling with a method and an apparatus for the automatic refilling of a liquid hydrogen tank in a motor vehicle in which the tank is connected to a liquid hydrogen supply line as well as a hydrogen gas return line, it is proposed that prior to commencement of refilling the liquid hydrogen tank the liquid hydrogen supply line in the vehicle be connected to the hydrogen gas return line and that liquid hydrogen be passed through said lines in order to cool them whereby only after they have been cooled is the liquid hydrogen supply line connected to the liquid hydrogen tank. For this purpose, a bypass line connecting the liquid hydrogen supply line to the hydrogen gas return line is provided in the motor vehicle, and electrically operable closing valves are provided in the liquid hydrogen supply line downstream of where the bypass line branches as well as in the bypass line.

Abstract: A method of determining in a propeller-driven aircraft a propeller pressure ignal from a combined signal derived from the propeller and from the engine exhaust during flight. Where the propeller driven aircraft is powered by a four-stroke internal combustion engine, pressure signals from the propeller and the engine exhaust coincide where the number of propeller blades corresponds to half the number of cylinders in the engine. In order to determine the clean propeller signal from a propeller/engine exhaust combined signal, a succession of combined signals are detected by means of a microphone arranged on the wing of the aircraft behind the plane of rotation of the propeller. In addition to this, the exhaust signals of the individual engine cylinders are measured at the mouth of the exhaust pipe. Both the combined and the cylinder exhaust signals are recorded synchronously on a multi-track tape recorder.

Abstract: In a gasifying oil burner with an oil atomizing device, with combustion air upply means surrounding the atomizing device, with a shield having a shield opening, said shield being disposed downstream of the outlet of the atomizer, with a mixing tube disposed downstream of the outlet of the atomizer, with a mixing tube disposed downsteam of an co-axial with the shield opening, with a radial passage at an upstream portion of the mixing tube, with a generally cylindric flame tube whose upstream end is sealingly connected to the end wall of the combustion air supply means carrying the shield, and wherein it is proposed that the mixing tube be provided with a solid wall at a section thereof adjoining the shield, that the radial passage adjoin a part of the mixing tube provided with the solid wall, and that the axial length of the mixing tube portion with the solid wall extending between the shield and the radial passage be between the 0.1-multiple and the 0.

Abstract: The injection device has a nozzle body with a needle valve controlled by id. At the front end of the nozzle body there are, in the case of a single hole nozzle, one injection channel and in the case of a multi-hole nozzle, several injection channels which may be at any angle to each other. In the narrowest cross section of the injection channel suction slots lead into the combustion chamber. Air is drawn in from the combustion chamber by the jet of fuel leaving the injection channel. This air mixes with the fuel in the narrowest cross section of the injection channel so that, at the base of the injection jet, there is a two-phase flow having particularly favorable properties for the subsequent mixture formation.