Abstract: A rotary compressor has a plurality of vanes which are slidably disposed in radial slots of a rotor to define fluid chambers in cooperation with a cylindrical housing. The radially innermost end of each vane, rotor and opposite ends of the housing define a back-pressure chamber which is supplied with a pressure during a suction stroke for maintaining the associated vane in sealing contact with the inner wall of the housing. Each of opposite ends of the housing has a unique configuration which damps the pressure in the back-pressure chamber when the chamber is fluidly isolated from a source of the pressure supply during a compression stroke, thereby eliminating excessive friction between the vane and the housing.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling a solenoid clutch wherein a gap is present between an electromagnet and an associated attracted member when in the disengaged state. The circuit controls the level of exciting current supplied to an exciting coil of the solenoid clutch in such a way that the width of the gap is first reduced to zero and then the slip rate of the solenoid clutch is gradually changed from 1 to 0, whereby the solenoid clutch gradually reaches the completely engaged state, making it possible to smoothly engage the solenoid clutch without the occurrence of mechanical shock.

Abstract: A thermoswitch in which two fixed terminals are provided to a base disposed in a bottomed housing and a movable contact mechanism is provided between the two fixed terminals so that the movable contact is connected or disconnected by the displacement of a thermosensitive member such as bimetal, wherein the basal portions of the fixed terminals projecting from the base after solidifed with a first resin and a recess formed by the housing and base is filled and solidified with a second resin such that lead wires connected to the fixed terminals are embedded in the resin. According to this device, penetration of water coming down along the lead wires is positively prevented by the two resin layers.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a plurality of hollow panels arranged in a stack with fins interspersed therebetween and each having a fluid passageway therein and an upper header and a lower header at opposite sides of the fluid passageway. An end plate is applied to at least one end of the stack and formed with an inlet opening and an outlet opening in nearby positions which communicate to a fluid circulation path defined in the stack by the fluid passageways and the upper and lower headers of the hollow panels. An inlet and outer manifold block is mounted on the end plate for fluidly communicating the inlet opening of the end plate to an inlet conduit and the outlet opening to an outlet conduit.

Abstract: A single temperature sensing switch is responsive to two or more different ambient temperatures is disclosed. A contact mechanism made up of stationary and movable contacts is opened and closed by serially interconnected first and second temperature-sensitive members, which are made of shape memorizing alloys having different transformation points. The switch may be associated with a compressor of an automotive air conditioning system in order to prevent it from being heated beyond a siezing level or cooled beyond a liquid compressing level.

Abstract: A swash plate compressor is disclosed which is provided with a compression capacity control apparatus capable of returning an output pressure of a high pressure chamber of one cover to a low pressure chamber of the same cover. The control apparatus comprises a delivery chamber which is communicated with a high pressure chamber of the other cover, isolated from the high pressure chamber of the one cover and connected to a delivery conduit. The control apparatus also comprises a compression capacity control passageway providing communication between the delivery chamber and the low pressure and high pressure chambers of the one cover. A rotary three-way valve member is disposed in the control passageway to interrupt the communication between the delivery chamber and the high pressure chamber of the one cover while establishing communication between the low pressure and high pressure chambers of the one cover.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for a diesel engine or the like confines the fuel injection pressure to a predetermined range. Fuel is fed under pressure from a fuel supply source to a high pressure chamber to develop a pressure therein. An injection nozzle is mounted on a nozzle holder and has a nozzle hole for injection fuel in response to the pressure in the high pressure chamber. The nozzle holder has thereinside a low pressure chamber which communicates to the outside. An injection rate control valve is mounted in the nozzle holder for delivering fuel to the low pressure chamber on the elevation of the fuel pressure communicated to the high pressure chamber beyond a predetermined value.

Abstract: An injection timing control device for an internal combustion engine includes a connector plate constantly biased in a predetermined direction. A hydraulic actuator urges the connector plate in the other direction in response to a fluid pressure communicated thereto, thereby actuating an eccentric cam mechanism to vary a fuel injection timing. The line of action of the biasing force and that of the urging force opposite to the biasing force, each imparted to the connector plate, lie in a common plane which contains an axis of the hydraulic actuator, so that the connector plate is prevented from tilting and thereby effecting the operation of the cam mechanism.

Abstract: A rotary vane compressor directed to increasing the gas charging efficiency is disclosed. A side block is formed with an opening which is extended such that radially outer part of its rim is located radially outwardly of the inner periphery of a cylinder. The inner periphery of the cylinder is partly removed to form a notch such that the notch is aligned with the outer part of the rim of the opening. The opening and the notch define a suction port in combination, that is, the available area of opening of the suction port is increased by the proportion of the notch. Gas is sucked into the compressor not only sidewise but also in the peripheral direction.

Abstract: A swash plate compressor is disclosed which is provided with a compression capacity control apparatus capable of returning an output pressure of a high pressure chamber of one cover to a low pressure chamber of the same cover. The control apparatus comprises a delivery chamber which is communicated with a high pressure chamber of the other cover, isolated from the high pressure chamber of said one cover and connected to a delivery conduit. The control apparatus also comprises a compression capacity control passageway providing communication between the delivery chamber and the low pressure and high pressure chambers of said one cover. A valve member is disposed in the control passageway to interrupt the communication between the delivery chamber and the high pressure chamber of said one cover while establishing communication between the low pressure and high pressure chambers of said one cover.

Abstract: A fuel injection advance angle control member (28) and a fuel control member (52) are manually and simultaneously controllable to increase the fuel injection angle and the volume of fuel injection, before an engine is started. A knob (112) is located in a position accessible for manipulation. A wire (110) connects the knob (112) to cams (102, 82) which are associated with the fuel injection advance angle control member (28) and the fuel control member (52), respectively. The connection between the knob (112) and the cam (102) includes a spring (210, 300) which is yieldable when the knob (112) is pulled, so that a reaction force counteracting the pulling effort is reduced to promote manipulation with a minimum of effort. Upon an engine start, the resilient force accumulated in the spring (210, 300) is released to move the member (28) to a desired advanced angle position through the cam (102).

Abstract: A centrifugal governor ensures a positive engine starting operation as well as a smoke control in the low engine speed range and a usual fuel injection control responsive to an increase in engine speed. A control rod with a rack is operatively connected with a floating lever through a spring biased piston and cylinder assembly, so that the control rod can be freely moved to its maximum fuel injection position during engine starting without being effected by a smoke limiter, which may be associated with the governor for a smoke control purpose. A unique lever mechanism is operable to move the control rod to the maximum fuel injection position during engine starting but, after a predetermined engine speed is reached, yields to a movement of the control rod in a fuel decreasing direction caused by the floating lever through the piston and cylinder assembly.

Abstract: A detent apparatus for preventing the rotation of delivery valve holders threaded into the body of a fuel injection pump comprises a generally rectangular flat plate which is formed with substantially semicircular notches at its opposite edges for receiving adjacent ones of the delivery valve holders, respectively. A bolt is threaded into a central opening of the flat plate to abut against the top of the pump body with such a force that the flat plate is raised into pressing contact with the undersides of enlarged head sections of the delivery valve holders, thereby ensuring firm frictional engagement between the delivery valve holders and the pump body into which the delivery valve holders are threaded.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive member (68) is operatively connected to a pressure regulator assembly (80, 100) through a cam section (64b) of a control pin (64) and a follower pin (76). The pressure regulator assembly (80, 100) regulates a fuel pressure inside a chamber (12a) of a pump housing (12) upon a change of a pressure acting on the pressure sensitive member (68), thereby compensating a timing of fuel injection determined by an injection timing control member (24). The pressure acting on the pressure sensitive member (68) is an atmospheric pressure or a boost pressure. The pressure regulator (80, 100) is adjustable to either advance or retard the injection timing as desired in conformity with an atmospheric pressure or a boost pressure, or to vary the point at which the fuel pressure in the pump chamber (12a) starts to be varied.

Abstract: A source of high pressure fuel supply is hydraulically connected with a fuel tank or reservoir through a low pressure supply pump. Pressurized fuel from the high pressure fuel supply source is communicated to an injector which comprises a body having an axial bore therein and a plunger axially slidably received in the bore of the injector body. The injector body has a fuel induction passageway to which the pressurized fuel is communicated from the supply source while the plunger has a passageway means therein which is communicated with or communicable with the fuel injection passageway at one end thereof. Upon a reciprocal movement of the plunger, the passageway means at the other end is brought into or out of communication with a nozzle hole formed in the injector body by a controllable amount and duration thereby starting or terminating a controlled rate of injection of the pressurized fuel into an engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a booster for intensifying a supply of fuel from a fuel reservoir and a nozzle needle actuator for operating a fuel injector to start and terminate a fuel injection from the latter. The boosted fuel from the booster is fed not only to the fuel injector but to an upper chamber of the nozzle needle actuator which is defined by a piston. A first hydraulic circuit produces a variable hydraulic fluid pressure for operating the booster in accordance with a predetermined engine operating parameter. A lower chamber also defined by the piston in the nozzle needle actuator is selectively communicated to the first hydraulic circuit by a second hydraulic circuit. The first and second hydraulic circuits share a common source of hydraulic fluid supply which is independent of the fuel reservoir.

Abstract: A unique system is disclosed which controls a pressure in a pneumatic pressure supply line of a vehicle in response to both a pressure developing in an accumulator (12) included in the supply line and an engine load, so that a compressor (10) for providing the pressure is activated under light load engine operation, as when air brakes are applied, to effect an engine brake and to elevate the accumulator pressure for reducing the total energy consumption and, therefore, total fuel consumption. A pressure feedback line (16) communicates a pressure in the accumulator (12) to an unloading pressure control valve (32) through a solenoid operated valve (34), which is controlled in response to an output of an engine load sensor (42) and that of a pressure sensor (44). Under heavy load engine operation, the valve (34) is opened at a first pressure level during an elevation of the pressure and closed at a second pressure level which is sufficiently lower than the first during a drop of the pressure.

Abstract: A centrifugal clutch mechanism couples a first driven element to a drive element for rotary torque transmission at a first speed range from a rotary drive source to a load when the rotation of the drive source is lower than a predetermined reference speed. The centrifugal clutch mechanism includes a double-arm coupling lever pivoted to the drive element, a clutch pad or shoe pivoted to one end of the coupling lever and having a surface engagable with an inner surface of the first driven element, and a pair of centrifugal weights carried on the other end of the coupling lever. At least one flat spring is yieldably fastened to the weight or to a stop rigid on the drive element to be frictionally engaged by the stop or the weight, thereby resisting frictional oscillation of the clutch shoe on the coupling lever during a transition range between completely coupled and completely uncoupled mode of operation of the centrifugal clutch.

Abstract: A diaphragm (38) controls a position of a control sleeve (14) relative to a plunger or piston (16) in response to a pressure differential between a pressure chamber (42) and a control chamber (46) which are defined by the diaphragm (38). The pressure chamber (42) is communicated to an atmospheric pressure or a boost pressure while the control chamber (46) is selectively communicated to a source of vacuum supply through a first check valve (62) and to the atmosphere through a second check valve (58). The first and second check valves open when the pressure inside the control chamber is higher and lower than a reference level, respectively, thereby maintaining the pressure within the control chamber (46) substantially at the reference level to promote an accurate control of the control sleeve (14).

Abstract: A fuel injector of a Diesel engine is supplied with a boosted supply of fuel from a booster and operated to start and terminate a fuel injection by a hydraulically controlled nozzle needle actuator. A valving unit is controlled to selectively communicate compressed operating fluid to the booster so that the boosted supply of fuel reaches the fuel injector. The valving unit comprises a pair of poppet type valves each of which is operated by a solenoid operated pilot valve, thereby attaining high speed operation due to a high frequency of switching actions and accommodating a large flow rate of fluid. A manually or automatically adjustable stop is associated with each of the poppet type valves to control the flow rate of fluid through the valve to the booster, which dictates the pressure of fuel injection from the injector.