Abstract: A press diaphragm for pressing china plates etc. has an edge part designed to be forced inwards on pressing and then to be moved back outwards on letting off the pressure clear of the plate edge. To this end the diaphragm has an edge part, acted upon by a downwardly moving keeper, and has a groove in its upper face. Under the groove the diaphragm is acted upon by hydraulic pressure more than at other positions.

Abstract: A measuring system on a press for making pressings from powder material is designed for cutting out the effects of any stretching of the press frame produced by high pressing forces. A plate supporting one tool part is fixedly supported on a frame and, in relation to the plate, further tool parts may be moved. The measuring system is made up of first measuring elements fixed in relation to the moving tool parts, and second measuring elements, designed for use with the first measuring elements and fixed in relation to the press. The first measuring elements are fixed to the plate or a support on which this plate is itself supported.

Abstract: The specification describes a stepping advancing device more particularly r tables for receiving components during a stage of manufacture. The device comprises a crank drive adapted to reciprocate through 180.degree. and attached to the table. A pitman of the crank drive is pivotally connected at its free end remote from the crank shaft with an anchoring or fixing element guided for movement in the direction of movement of the table. This element is clamped to and freed from its guide at the respective end of movement of the crank drive. Furthermore there is a second fixing element, directly fixed to the table and which at the end of travel of the crank drive is detached from and clamped to a further guide, running in the direction of travel of the table, so as to perform an opposite movement to the first-mentioned fixing element.

Abstract: A press is disclosed for forming and shaping from ceramic powder articles ving a perimetrical leg-like portion. The press has an upper die and a lower mold, the latter having a central cavity closed at the top by a flexible membrane for receiving ceramic powder thereon. When the upper die closes on the mold, the membrane flexes to fit against the inside of the mold chamber. The mold chamber has flexible membrane walls which are forced inwardly by fluid pressure to shape and compress the perimetrical portions of the blank and upon release of the fluid pressure withdraw to permit removal of the finished blank.

Abstract: The rigid top pressing punch of a press for producing plates or the like is haped in accordance with the inner shape of the plate or the like to be produced. An elastic membrane, which establishes the top boundary, i.e., closes the cavity of a mold, is held at its edge shaped to the dimensions of the eventual plate, and is provided with an annular groove corresponding to the foot of the plate. Pulverulent porcelain composition is distributed on the membrane in the area determined by the edge having the holding action structure. The cavity defined by the membrane is filled with a pressure medium. After lowering the pressing punch, pressure can be applied through the pressure medium to the pulverulent porcelain composition distributed on the membrane in a pressing position. The elastic membrane in its relaxed position corresponds to the shape of the lower surface of the plate or the like, is made with an even, minimum thickness over substantially its whole area and has sufficient inherent strength.

Abstract: The specification describes an apparatus and a method for the production of eramic mouldings, in the case of which a suspension of moulding composition particles is introduced into a filling space formed between two punches which can be relatively moved towards each other. The liquid is removed via a filter formed in a punch provided with filter openings. The supply of the suspension is terminated after filling of the filling space with the supply duct shut off. The volume of the system comprising the filling space, the supply duct shut off from the outside and a space with a deformable limiting wall is decreased with a corresponding increase in pressure in this system and then in a conventional manner the final pressure is produced by relative movement of the punches. In the preferred form the filling space is isolated from the remainder of the filling system during the final compaction and forming of the moulding. The invention is preferably applied to the production of magnetized ferrite mouldings.

Abstract: The specification describes an apparatus and a method for the production of eramic mouldings, in the case of which a suspension of moulding composition particles is introduced into a filling space formed between two punches which can be relatively moved towards each other. The liquid is removed via a filter formed in a punch provided with filter openings. The supply of the suspension is terminated after filling of the filling space with the supply duct shut off. The volume of the system comprising the filling space, the supply duct shut off from the outside and a space with a deformable limiting wall is decreased with a corresponding increase in pressure in this system and then in a conventional manner the final pressure is produced by relative movement of the punches. In the preferred form the filling space is isolated from the remainder of the filling system during the final compaction and forming of the moulding. The invention is preferably applied to the production of magnetized ferrite mouldings.

Abstract: The specification describes a device for limiting the pressing force to a pre-established value in mechanical presses with an upper punch, which is mounted on the upper tup via a hydraulic cushion, which is connected via an overpressure valve and a pump with a pressure medium supply held in a pressureless condition. At the connection between the hydraulic cushion and the excess pressure valve, a duct is connected which opens in a pressureless manner and this duct is closed by valve whose closing pressure can be adjusted.