Abstract: A hybrid reflective-emissive display including an electrophoretic medium. The electrophoretic medium includes two types of oppositely-charged, and differently-colored, particles in a fluid. The electrophoretic medium is disposed between a front light-transmissive electrode and a rear electrode including a plurality of apertures, such as a hexagonal grid. The electrophoretic layer is optionally illuminated by a light source disposed on the opposite side of the rear electrode from the electrophoretic medium. A viewer can see either the first or second type of particle at the viewing surface, or one of the particles can be illuminated by the light source, thus emitting light the color of one of the particles.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 28, 2022
Date of Patent:
January 24, 2023
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Sunil Krishna Sainis, Benjamin Harris Paletsky, Richard J. Paolini, Jr., Giovanni Mancini
Abstract: A method for driving electro-optic displays so as to reduce visible artifacts are described. Such methods include driving extra pixels where the boundary between a driven and undriven area would otherwise lead to artifact by providing paired sets of driving instructions, allowing the undriven area to be driven while maintain the desired (undriven) optical state.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 1, 2021
Date of Patent:
January 17, 2023
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Kenneth R. Crounse, Yuval Ben-Dov, Stephen J. Telfer, Jaya Kumar
Abstract: An electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels is driven from a first image to a second image using a first drive scheme, and then from the second image to a third image using a second drive scheme different from the first drive scheme and having at least one impulse differential gray level having an impulse potential different from the corresponding gray level in the first drive scheme. Each pixel which is in an impulse differential gray level in the second image is driven from the second image to the third image using a modified version of the second drive scheme which reduces its impulse differential The subsequent transition from the third image to a fourth image is also conducted using the modified second drive scheme but after a limited number of transitions using the modified second drive scheme, all subsequent transitions are conducted using the unmodified second drive scheme.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 28, 2021
Date of Patent:
January 3, 2023
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Demetrious Mark Harrington, Kenneth R. Crounse, Karl Raymond Amundson, Teck Ping Sim, Matthew J. Aprea
Abstract: A system for rendering color images on an electro-optic display when the electro-optic display has a color gamut with a limited palette of primary colors, and/or the gamut is poorly structured (i.e., not a spheroid or obloid). The system uses an iterative process to identify the best color for a given pixel from a palette that is modified to diffuse the color error over the entire electro-optic display. The system additionally accounts for variations in color that are caused by cross-talk between nearby pixels.
Abstract: The invention is notably directed to a transflective display device. The device comprises a set of pixels, wherein each of the pixels comprises a portion of bi-stable, phase change material, hereafter a PCM portion, having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which it has two different values of refractive index and/or optical absorption. The device further comprises one or more spacers, optically transmissive, and extending under PCM portions of the set of pixels. One or more reflectors extend under the one or more spacers. An energization structure is in thermal or electrical communication with the PCM portions, via the one or more spacers. Moreover, a display controller is configured to selectively energize, via the energization structure, PCM portions of the pixels, so as to reversibly switch a state of a PCM portion of any of the pixels from one of its reversibly switchable states to the other.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 3, 2017
Date of Patent:
December 6, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Harish Bhaskaran, Peiman Hosseini, Ben Broughton
Abstract: A light attenuator that provides transparent light states and absorbing dark states for use in selectively controlling light, especially for smart glass applications. The light attenuator includes abutting areas of attenuation and transparency that form a repeat pattern or a quasi-repeat pattern. The attenuating areas are visible when the light attenuator is in the light state, but the repeat pattern is sufficiently large that a viewer looks through the attenuator and sees no haze.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 28, 2020
Date of Patent:
December 6, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Donal Martin O'Keeffe, Timothy O'Keeffe
Abstract: An electro-optic assembly includes a layer of electro-optic material configured to switch optical states upon application of an electric field and an anisotropically conductive layer having one or more moisture-resistive polymers and a conductive material, the moisture-resistive polymer having a WVTR less than 5 g/(m2*d).
Abstract: An electro-optic display having at least one row of display pixels, the display include a first display pixel of the at least one row of display pixels, the first display pixel coupled to a first bias line, and a second display pixel of the at least one row of display pixels, the second display pixel coupled to a second bias line, wherein the second bias line is different from the first bias line.
Abstract: An electrophoretic particle including a pigment particle having an intermediate residue covalently bonded to the surface of the pigment particle and a polymer bonded to the intermediate residue. The polymer may be derived from one or more types of monomers and at least one of the monomers is a substituted or unsubstituted styrene monomer including halogenated styrenic monomers. The electrophoretic particle may be used in an electrophoretic medium including a dispersion of the particles in a suspending fluid. The electrophoretic medium may be incorporated into an electro-optic display.
Abstract: The invention provides an electrophoretic medium comprising at least two types of particles having substantially the same electrophoretic mobility but differing colors. The invention also provides article of manufacture comprising a layer of a solid electro-optic medium, a first adhesive layer on one surface of the electro-optic medium, a release sheet covering the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer on an opposed second surface of the electro-optic medium.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 19, 2020
Date of Patent:
December 6, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Gregg M. Duthaler, Karl R. Amundson, Barrett Comiskey, Alberto Goenaga, John E. Ritter, Michael L. Steiner, Robert W. Zehner
Abstract: There are provided methods for driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of display pixels, a such method includes applying a first waveform chosen from a first set of waveforms for black-to-white and white-to-white transitions if a pixel is determined to display color, and applying a second waveform chosen from a second set of waveforms for black-to-white and white-to-white transitions if a pixel is determined to display a grayscale image.
Abstract: A foldable electrophoretic display that is flexible and may be folded in a book-like fashion. Foldable electrophoretic display modules that can be separately manufactured and incorporated into a variety of foldable devices with differing functionality as needed by the consumer. In some embodiments, the resulting foldable electrophoretic display may include touch sensing, a front light, color, and a digitizing layer to record interactions with a stylus. In some embodiments, the display includes a color filter array.
Abstract: An active molecule delivery system whereby active molecules can be released on demand and/or a variety of different active molecules can be delivered from the same system and/or different concentrations of active molecules can be delivered from the same system. The invention is well-suited for delivering pharmaceuticals to patients transdermally. In some embodiments, the system includes two separate reservoirs and a mixing area thereby allowing precursors to be mixed immediately before transdermal delivery.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 15, 2019
Date of Patent:
November 29, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Richard J. Paolini, Jr., Stephen J. Telfer, Timothy J. O'Malley, Brian D. Bean
Abstract: An electro-optic device comprising electrophoretic medium including a dispersion of a plurality of particles in a fluid configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied electric field. The plurality of particles include a first type of particles having a first charge of a first charge polarity, a second type of particles having a second charge of a second charge polarity, and a third type of particles having a third charge of the second charge polarity. The first charge polarity is opposite to the second charge polarity, and the third type of particles are configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied magnetic field gradient.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 28, 2019
Date of Patent:
November 29, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Michael D. McCreary, Richard J. Paolini, Jr., Stephen J. Telfer, Samantha Morrill
Abstract: An electro-optic display having a viewing surface through which a user views the display, a bistable, electrophoretic medium, and at least one electrode arranged to apply an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising at least 10 micromoles per square meter of the viewing surface of at least one compound having an oxidation potential more negative that about 150 mV with respect to a standard hydrogen electrode, as measured at pH 8, where the compound is a sulfite salt or a salt of titanium (III), vanadium (II), iron (II), cobalt (II) or copper (I), a hydroquinone, a catechol, a dihydropyridine or a metallocene.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 12, 2019
Date of Patent:
November 29, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Stephen J. Telfer, Peter Carsten Bailey Widger, Ana L. Lattes, Dan John Lauber
Abstract: An electrophoretic medium comprises a fluid, a first, light scattering particle (typically white) and second, third and fourth particles having three subtractive primary colors (typically magenta, cyan and yellow); at least two of these colored particles being non-light scattering. The first and second particles bear polymer coatings such that the electric field required to separate an aggregate formed by the third and the fourth particles is greater than that required to separate an aggregate formed from any other two types of particles. Methods for driving the medium to produce white, black, magenta, cyan, yellow, red, green and blue colors are also described.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 27, 2020
Date of Patent:
October 11, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Stephen J. Telfer, Stephen Bull, Jennifer M. Morrison, Luke M. Slominski, David Darrell Miller, Olga Vladimirova Barykina-Tassa, Christopher L. Hoogeboom, Ana L. Lattes, Lee Yezek, Brandon MacDonald, Kosta Ladavac, Craig A. Herb
Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 13, 2018
Date of Patent:
October 11, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Richard J. Paolini, Jr., Randal M. Hill
Abstract: An electrophoretic medium includes a fluid, a plurality of light scattering charged particles having a first polarity, and a first, second, and third set of particles, each set having a color different from each other set. The first and second particles may have a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and the mobility of the third set of particles is less than half of the mobility of the light scattering particles, the first set of charged particles, and the second set of charged particles.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 6, 2020
Date of Patent:
October 4, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Stephen J. Telfer, Eugene Bzowej, Kenneth R. Crounse, John L. Marshall, Brandon Macdonald, Ziyan Wu, Lee Yezek
Abstract: A variety of methods for driving electro-optic displays so as to reduce visible artifacts are described. Such methods include (a) applying a first drive scheme to a non-zero minor proportion of the pixels of the display and a second drive scheme to the remaining pixels, the pixels using the first drive scheme being changed at each transition; (b) using two different drive schemes on different groups of pixels so that pixels in differing groups undergoing the same transition will not experience the same waveform; (c) applying either a balanced pulse pair or a top-off pulse to a pixel undergoing a white-to-white transition and lying adjacent a pixel undergoing a visible transition; (d) driving extra pixels where the boundary between a driven and undriven area would otherwise fall along a straight line; and (e) driving a display with both DC balanced and DC imbalanced drive schemes, maintaining an impulse bank value for the DC imbalance and modifying transitions to reduce the impulse bank value.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 30, 2021
Date of Patent:
October 4, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Karl Raymond Amundson, Matthew J. Aprea, Kenneth R. Crounse, Demetrious Mark Harrington, Jason Lin, Theodore A. Sjodin, Chia-Chen Su
Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 13, 2018
Date of Patent:
October 4, 2022
Assignee:
E Ink Corporation
Inventors:
Richard J. Paolini, Jr., Benjamin Harris Paletsky, Sunil Krishna Sainis, Colleen Shea