Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid solar cells, including the steps of providing a hole collector layer, applying a conductive layer onto the hole collector layer, applying an electron blocking layer onto the conductive layer, applying a sensitizer layer onto the electron blocking layer, applying a hole blocking layer onto the sensitizer layer, and providing a current collector and/or a metal layer or a conductor. The sensitizer layer including an organic-inorganic perovskite is applied by co-deposition of one or more sublimated divalent or trivalent salts and of one or more sublimated organic ammonium salts to obtain the organic-inorganic perovskite. The invention also relates to solid state solar cells, wherein the charge flow is inverted compared to the charge flow in a solar cell of conventional architecture and/or obtained by the above method.

Abstract: A method for high resolution NMR (=nuclear magnetic resonance) measurements using the application of excitation pulses and the acquisition of data points, whereby a dwell time ?t separates the acquisition of two consecutive data points, which is characterized in that one or more tickling rf (=radio frequency) pulses of duration ?p are applied within each dwell time ?t, and that the average rf field amplitude of each of the tickling rf pulses approximately fulfills the condition ?1=?1?p/?t=?J wherein J is the scalar J-coupling constant and ?1=?B1 with ? being the gyromagnetic ratio and B1 being the strength of the magnetic component of each tickling rf pulse. This method is effective in decoupling homonuclear couplings.

Abstract: In previously known imaging devices as in still and motion cameras, for example, image sensor signal response typically is linear as a function of intensity of incident light. Desirably, however, akin to the response of the human eye, response is sought to be nonlinear and, more particularly, essentially logarithmic. Preferred nonlinearity is realized in image sensor devices of the invention upon severely limiting the number of pixel states, combined with clustering of pixels into what may be termed as super-pixels.