Abstract: The present invention concerns an anti-dive suspension device for the front wheel of a vehicle presenting between the axle bracket and the vehicle body a kinematic suspension mechanism, wherein the relative movement of the stub axle bracket with respect to the vehicle body on horizontal ground, during functioning of the suspension, the geometry of the kinematic train ensures the horizontal moving apart of the stub axle with respect to the vehicle body when the load is increased and it relates to improvements to the wheel suspensions of land vehicles and especially of steerable wheels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additives for lubricating oils having an antirust and antiwear effect, their process of preparation and the lubricating compositions containing the said additives, these additives consisting in a microdispersion in the oil of the metallic salts of amino-acids, wherein the dicarboxylic amino-acids and their derivatives are advantageously used and wherein the salts are generally formed with metals from Groups I and II of the Periodic Classification of Elements.

Abstract: A supporting and steering device for a front wheel of a motorcycle includes a single arm having a bent portion enveloping a portion of the periphery of the front wheel, a lower portion holding the wheel axle and an upper extension; a lower guiding arm having a first end rotatively mounted on the chassis in a position substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal median plane of the motorcycle and a second end; a first ball and socket joint which pivotally connects the second end of the lower guiding arm with the lower portion of the single arm; an upper connecting arm having a first end rotatively mounted on the chassis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal median plane of the motorcycle and the second end; a second ball and socket joint which pivotally connects the second end of the upper connecting arm with the upper extension of the single arm; an imaginary line extending between centers of the first and second ball and socket joints constituting the steering axis of the front wheel about which

Abstract: The device for coupling in rotation a wheel hub is intended to couple this hub to a wheel axle and, where necessary, to a brake disk, the wheel hub being fitted sliding on the wheel axle which is extended by a flange in the periphery of which are provided hemi-cylindrical recesses in each of which is housed a head of a screw screwed in the hub and a brake disk can cover the external parts of the screw heads, said device being applied to the simultaneous coupling in rotation of a driving axle for motorcycle to its wheel and to its brake disk.

Abstract: Bracket construction of the motor-transmission assembly of a motorcycle comprising at least one front axle assembly and at least one rear axle assembly, wherein at least one connecting element operating under tensile stresses connects the means for securing the front and rear axle by assemblies, thus displacing downwards the neutral zone of bending of the engine assembly, this invention being applied to a motorcycle with a standard motor block working operating in a bending condition.

Abstract: Composition comprising heavy hydrocarbons and water, having a viscosity much lower than that of the hydrocarbons it contains. It is constituted by a multiple emulsion, the internal phase of which comprises a primary emulsion of water in the hydrocarbons and the external phase comprises water containing at least one surfactant, in which this primary emulsion is dispersed, thus forming a secondary emulsion which is self-stable or is stabilized by the addition of stabilizing agents to its external phase.

Abstract: Front suspension device comprising a lateral arm, for supporting and steering a front wheel of a motorcycle, wherein the lateral arm is connected at its upper end to a suspension and/or shock absorbing block with telescopic cylinder of which the external movable rod is articulated at its end on an axis orthogonal to the median longitudinal plane of the motorcycle, the arm comprising in the lower part a ball and socket articulation support of which the center of pivoting is located substantially in the alignment of steering axis and cooperates with a connection arm rotationally mounted on an axle of the chassis perpendicular to the median plane of the motorcycle.

Abstract: Oscillating supporting device for the driving wheel of a vehicle comprising an arm parallel to the median plane of the wheel and pivotally mounted on the vehicle chassis trough a transverse shaft disposed at one end of the arm, by means of two bearings disposed in such a way that the median plane of the wheel is substantially situated at mi-distance thereof, the wheel being mounted on a rotation axle carried by the arm at its other end, the connecting shaft and rotation axle being parallel to each other, wherein the rotation axle is supported by two other bearings disposed on either side of the wheel, the first of which is integral with the arm and the second of which is carried by a link pivotally mounted on the arm, the internal cage of the second bearing being crossed through by the end of the rotation axle and blocked thereon by a removable fixing nut.

Abstract: This invention provides cationic emulsions of bituminous binders of the bitumen/polymer type, formed by a dispersion of an organic phase of the binder in an aqueous phase containing a cationic nitrogenous emulsifier and a mineral or organic acid, the acid being in appropriate quantity so that the pH of the aqueous phase is comprised between 3 and 9. The aqueous phase also contains an agent consisting of at least one water-soluble sequestering salt of phosphonic acid, particularly a salt of alkaline metal or of amine of hydroxyalkyl-1,1-diphosphonic acid, and optionally a water-soluble thickening agent. To obtain the emulsions, which are usable for road applications, the emulsifying agent, the sequestering agent and optionally the thickening agent may be used in the form of a premixture containing the agents and called cationic emulsifying system.

Abstract: Process for the determination of the turbidity point of a liquid, which consists in progressively cooling the liquid and noting the temperature at which turbidity appears; the temperatures at the center (T.sub.1) and at the periphery (T.sub.2) of the liquid are measured, their graphs as a function of time (.theta.) are plotted and changes in the slope of these graphs are noted, the turbidity point being the temperature (T.sub.1) at the center of the liquid which corresponds to the change in slope on the graph T.sub.2 -.function.'(.theta.).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of hydrotreating hydrocarbon-based charges by using a catalyst that comprises V.sub.2 S.sub.3 prepared in situ in the reaction zone or V.sub.2 S.sub.3 prepared outside this zone but treated in this zone by a sulphurating agent. The hydrotreating method according to the invention can be used to treat hydrocarbon-based charges such as gasoline, gasoil, refinery residues and heavy crude oils, thus allowing the elimination of impurities such as nitrogen, sulphur and metals. The method can also be used to hydrogenize the olefins and the aromatics and possibly lead to rupture of the carbon-carbon bonds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of overbased additives obtained by carbonation under constant pressure of carbon dioxide, the process consisting of carbonating a reaction mixture comprising a derivative of an alkaline-earth metal and at least one surfactant in a diluent oil and a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an oxygeneous accelerator and a nitrogeneous accelerator, while maintaining a constant pressure of carbon dioxide above the reaction mixture, the carbon dioxide is thus progressively introduced as it is consumed, thereby allowing its concentration in the liquid medium not to become too high which could thereafter provoke the formation of insoluble over-carbonated products, the reaction to be self-controlled and to obtain excellent yields of overbased products having very high alkaline values and alkaline-earth contents, while however remaining fluid and stable.

Abstract: Suspension and steering device for a motorcycle front wheel carried by at least one support arm connected at its upper end to a suspension and shock absorber block wherein a handlebar or wheel is rotatively mounted on a vertical axis of a peak and is rotationally mounted around an axis at the upper end of an upper link inclined towards the front and the lower end of which is rotationally mounted about an axis at the upper end of a lower link inclined towards the front of the motorcycle from its lower end and which is rotationally connected to an axis whereby the handlebar is rotationally connected to the support arm, wherein the device being applicable to a motorcycle wheel steering assembly including a single lateral support arm for the wheel axle.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the thermal treatment of hydrocarbon charges having a high content of asphaltenes in the presence of additives which prevent coke formation. The additive according to the invention is a salt of a metal selected from V, Mo, Cr, W, Fe, Co and Ni at a concentration between 100 and 2500 ppm of metal relative to the charge either in the form of a suspension of solid particles, in solution or as an emulsion. These additives prevent the coke formation in all thermal treatments of which the temperature is above about 420.degree. C., such as viscoreduction or hydro viscoreduction.

Abstract: There are provided clays of laminated structure bridged by metallic oxides selected from oxides of aluminum and zirconium and containing from 10 to 50% and preferably from 20 to 40% of an oxide of the metal of the group of the lanthanides, preferably of cerium. The presence of cerium improves the thermal resistance during a dry calcination or even under humid air. The clays can be used as catalysts during the conversion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for preparing very fluid overbased additives having a high basicity, by contacting an alkaline-earth metal derivative and at least one surfactant with carbon dioxide in a diluent oil and a hydrocarbon-based solvent in the presence of an oxygen-based promoter and a nitrogen-based promoter wherein the carbonation time is comprised between an initial point Po corresponding to the beginning of the temperature plateau of the exothermic reaction and the end point of the carbonation which corresponds to a sudden drop of the alkaline value, the additives according to the invention being utilized in lubricating oils and fuels.

Abstract: A self-lubricating fuel composition is provided formed from powdered coal, a hydrocarbon fraction, water, a surfactant and a strong electrolyte. This composition develops a lubricating layer between the mechanical parts in relative movement with respect to the fluid and the fluid. Such self lubrication causes a reduction of the friction and consequently of the pressure losses during transport in ducts.

Abstract: Interferometric device for the detection and/or analysis of gas, of the type comprising an optical assembly forming the image of a light source on the sensitive element of the detector, comprising a photoelastic modulator comprising a silica or fluorine plate associated to a piezoelectric ceramic to vibrate in order to give the plate a birefringency variable by compression, having an axis parallel to that of a birefringent plate and an interferential filter constituted by a grating multiplexer device; and having application to the interferometric detection of gas through high-sensitivity.

Abstract: Copolymers with nitrogen groups are used as additives to lower the cloud point and improve the filterability limit temperature and the pour point of middle distillates such as gas oils. They are obtained by reacting a compound having a primary amine group with a copolymer comprising 15 to 40% of recurrent units form a linear .alpha.-olefin, 20 to 70% of recurrent units form and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compound and 15 to 45% of recurrent units form an alkyl ester of unsaturated monocarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Selective modulation interferometric detector, intended for specifically detecting and/or identifying at least one gas in a gaseous mixture, especially with the aim of carrying out analysis and/or proportioning operations, the assembly E consists of a first strip L.sub.1 of interferometric quality having plane and parallel faces, of thickness e and index n introducing a displacement .DELTA.=2ne adapted to the gas to be analyzed, this strip L.sub.1 supplying on the detector a brilliant fringe, and a second strip L.sub.2 made of the same material as the first strip L.sub.1 which is slightly prismatic and supplying on the detector average illumination.